ARE LOW VITAMIN D LEVELS FUELING ANEMIA IN YOUNG ADULT WOMEN?
Main Article Content
Keywords
Anemia, Deficiency, Hemoglobin, Vitamin D
Abstract
Background:
Anemia and Vitamin D deficiency are among the most common health problems caused by deficiency of micronutrients. The objective of the current study is to determine the association of anemia with Vitamin D deficiency in young adult females in the Mekran division, Balochistan.
Methodology:
This cross-sectional study was conducted in Teaching Hospital Turbat from August 2020 to Feburary 2021 for Six Months. A total of 144 females aged between 16-45 were included in this study after getting informed consent. After collecting sociodemographic data, 10cc blood was collected to analyse Vitamin D levels and to determine anemia.
Results:
The mean age of the study participants was 26.54 + 4.86 years. Among 143 study participants, 67 (46.5%) were suffering from anemia. Among 143 participants 89 (61.8%) suffered from Vitamin D deficiency. A significant association was found between Vitamin D deficiency and anemia in young females on the ChiSqaure test (p < 0.005). Hemoglobin Level and mean corpuscular volume was significantly low in Vitamin D deficient participants in comparison to Vitamin D sufficient Participants.
Conclusion:
A considerable proportion of female young adults suffer from both low vitamin D levels and anemia.
References
2. Christakos S, Hewison M, Gardner DG, Wagner CL, Sergeev IN, Rutten E, et al. Vitamin D: beyond bone. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. 2013;1287(1):45-58.
3. Montenegro KR, Cruzat V, Carlessi R, Newsholme P. Mechanisms of vitamin D action in skeletal muscle. Nutrition research reviews. 2019;32(2):192-204..
4. Gabryanczyk A, Klimczak S, Szymczak-Pajor I, Śliwińska A. Is vitamin D deficiency related to increased cancer risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?. International journal of molecular sciences. 2021;22(12):6444.
5. Smith EM, Tangpricha V. Vitamin D and anemia: insights into an emerging association. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity. 2015;22(6):432-8.
6. Liu T, Zhong S, Liu L, Liu S, Li X, Zhou T, Zhang J. Vitamin D deficiency and the risk of anemia: a meta-analysis of observational studies. Renal failure. 2015;37(6):929-34.
7. Barminko J, Reinholt BM, Emmanuelli A, Lejeune AN, Baron MH. Activation of the vitamin D receptor transcription factor stimulates the growth of definitive erythroid progenitors. Blood advances. 2018 Jun 12;2(11):1207-19.
8. Vernia F, Valvano M, Longo S, Cesaro N, Viscido A, Latella G. Vitamin D in inflammatory bowel diseases. Mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications. Nutrients. 2022;14(2):269.
9. Slusher AL, McAllister MJ, Huang CJ. A therapeutic role for vitamin D on obesity-associated inflammation and weight-loss intervention. Inflammation Research. 2015;64:565-75.
10. Cojic M, Kocic R, Klisic A, Cvejanov-Kezunovic L, Kavaric N, Kocic G. A novel mechanism of vitamin D anti-inflammatory/antioxidative potential in type 2 diabetic patients on metformin therapy. Archives of Medical Science. 2020;16(5):1004-12.
11. Lee JA, Hwang JS, Hwang IT, Kim DH, Seo JH, Lim JS. Low Vitamin D Levels Are Associated with Both Iron Deficiency and Anemia in Children and Adolescents. Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.2014; 32(2): 99–108. https://doi.org/10.3109/08880018.2014.983623
12. Rianthavorn P, Boonyapapong P. Ergocalciferol decreases erythropoietin resistance in children with chronic kidney disease stage 5. Pediatric Nephrology. 2013;28:1261-6.
13. Sim JJ, Lac PT, Liu IL.A.. Vitamin D deficiency and anemia: a cross-sectional study. Ann Hematol.2010; 89: 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00277-009-0850-3
14. El-Adawy EH, Zahran FE, Shaker GA, Seleem A. Vitamin D status in Egyptian adolescent females with iron deficiency anemia and its correlation with serum iron indices. Endocrine, Metabolic and Immune Disorders Drug Targets.2019; 19 (4): 519-525. doi: 10.2174/1871530318666181029160242
15. Smith EM, Tangpricha V. Vitamin D and anemia: insights into an emerging association. Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity.2015; 22 (6): 432-438. doi:10.1097/MED.0000000000000199 28.
16. Alaasswad. Vitamin D deficiency and anemia among pharmacy students. Mediterr J Pharm Pharm Sci.2021; 2 (2): 88-94. https://doi.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Mohammad Afzal
Head, Department of ENT, Mekran Medical College, Turbat.
Yasmeen gul
Head, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mekran Medical College, Turbat.
Zafar Abdul Nabi
Head, Department of Medicine, Mekran Medical College, Turbat
Fouzia parveen
Assistant Professor, Biochemistry, Mekran Medical College, Turbat
Ahmed Hussain
Assistant Professor, Physiology, Mekran Medical College, Turbat.
Tayyab uddin Khand
Assistant Professor, Biochemistry, Mekran Medical College, Turbat.