PHYTO-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PUERARIA TUBEROSA AND ITS EFFECT ON SPERMATOZOA PARAMETERS.
Main Article Content
Keywords
P. tuberosa, Phytochemical, Antioxidants, Reactive Oxygen Species, Spermatozoa
Abstract
It is widely acknowledged that over 80% population of developing countries cannot afford the allopathic medicine. Around the globe, medicinal plants are used as folk medicines to heal variety of disorders. The medicinal plants possessing aphrodisiac properties are extensively used for the management of reproductive disorders and have significant advantages over conventional allopathic prescriptions. In current study, Pueraria tuberosa was evaluated for Phytochemical present and therapeutic uses like antioxidants and aphrodisiac potential. Ethanolic extract of tubers was prepared and proceeded for qualitative analysis the results shows considerable amounts of phytomolecule as flavonoids, tannins, phenols, alkaloids and minerals as Fe, Mg, Cu, Zn etc. are present. Moreover quantitative phytochemical analysis through standard protocols was also performed and the finding of TPC, TFC and TSP are 24.27 ± 0.348, 10.41 ± 0.032 and 2.234 ± 0.006 respectively. The antioxidant potential through DPPH, FRAP, ABTS and the findings are 49.79, 22.48 and 33.27, the antioxidant enzymes were also evaluated and the results are satisfactory. The heamolytic assay shows P. tuberosa was safe upto 1000mg concentration as it produced minimal cell lysis. It was found that incubation of the semen with different concentrations of Ethanolic extract of P. tuberosa enhanced the motility and preserved the viability of spermatozoa in dose dependant manner. This study may open new horizon for researchers to explore it further and clinical practitioners to treat oxidative stress-related diseases as well as infertility by this natural drug.
References
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16. Galal, A., Raman, V., & A Khan, I. (2015). Sida cordifolia, a traditional herb in modern perspective–a review. Current Traditional Medicine, 1(1), 5-17.
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18. Gupta, M., Sasmal, S. K., Karmakar, N., Sasmal, S., & Chowdhury, S. (2016). Experimental evaluation of antioxidant action of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. roots in potassium dichromate induced oxidative stress by assessment of reactive oxygen species levels. Inter. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. Res, 8(8), 1325-1333.
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23. Jayakumar, R., & Muralidharan, S. (2011). Metal contamination in select species of birds in Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 87, 166-170.
24. Kanthaliya, B., Joshi, A., Arora, J., Alqahtani, M. D., & Abd_Allah, E. F. (2023). Effect of Biotic Elicitors on the Growth, Antioxidant Activity and Metabolites Accumulation in In Vitro Propagated Shoots of Pueraria tuberosa. Plants, 12(6), 1300.
25. Kanthaliya, B., Joshi, A., Meena, S., & Arora, J. (2021). Biology and Biotechnological Strategies for Conservation Management of Pueraria tuberosa, a Traditionally Established Medicinal Liana. Medicinal Plants: Domestication, Biotechnology and Regional Importance, 693-719.
26. Kensa, V., & Yasmin, S. (2011). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity on Ricinus communis L. Plant Sciences Feed, 1(9), 167-173.
27. Lencina, C. L., De Simone, F., & Cunico Filho, W. J. Pharmacological Application of Antiradical Compound Properties.
28. Likhitkar, M. L. M., & Pande, M. P. M. (2017). Antioxidant activity of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Pueraria tuberosa plant. International Journal of Indigenous Herbs and Drugs, 1-5.
29. Loo, A., Jain, K., & Darah, I. (2008). Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from the pyroligneous acid, Rhizophora apiculata. Food chemistry, 107(3), 1151-1160.
30. Lü, J. M., Lin, P. H., Yao, Q., & Chen, C. (2010). Chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants: experimental approaches and model systems. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 14(4), 840-860.
31. Lu, M., Yuan, B., Zeng, M., & Chen, J. (2011). Antioxidant capacity and major phenolic compounds of spices commonly consumed in China. Food Research International, 44(2), 530-536.
32. Maji, A. K., Pandit, S., Banerji, P., & Banerjee, D. (2014). Pueraria tuberosa: a review on its phytochemical and therapeutic potential. Natural product research, 28(23), 2111-2127.
33. Malviya, N., Jain, S., Gupta, V. B., & Vyas, S. (2011). Recent studies on aphrodisiac herbs for the management of male sexual dysfunction-a review. Acta Pol Pharm, 68(1), 3-8.
34. Müller, L., Fröhlich, K., & Böhm, V. (2011). Comparative antioxidant activities of carotenoids measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (αTEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical scavenging assay. Food Chemistry, 129(1), 139-148.
35. Munir, N., Mehmood, Z., Shahid, M., Aslam, S., Abbas, M., Mehboob, H., . . . Badar, Q. u. A. (2022). Phytochemical Constituents and In vitro Pharmacological Response of Cnidium monnieri; A Natural Ancient Medicinal Herb. Dose-Response, 20(3), 15593258221115543.
36. Ofusori, D., Oluwayinka, O., Adelakun, A., Keji, S., Oluyemi, K., Adesanya, O., . . . Ayoka, A. (2007). Evaluation of the effect of ethanolic extract of Croton zambesicus on the testes of Swiss albino mice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(21).
37. Okwu, D. E., & Iroabuchi, F. (2009). Phytochemical composition and biological activities of Uvaria chamae and Clerodendoron splendens. E-journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 553-560.
38. Pandey, H., Srivastava, S., Dwivedi, M., Upadhay, N., & Singh, M. (2019). Pharmacognostic standardization of tuber Pueraria tuberosa. J Imer Tech Innov Res, 6(4), 611-622.
39. Patel, D., Kumar, R., Prasad, S., & Hemalatha, S. (2011). Pharmacologically screened aphrodisiac plant-A review of current scientific literature. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(1), S131-S138.
40. Powell, W., Catranis, C., & Maynard, C. (2000). Design of self‐processing antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. Letters in applied microbiology, 31(2), 163-168.
41. Prakash, S., Ravikumar, S., Reddy, K., & Kannapiran, E. (2014). Spermicidal activity of I ndian seaweeds: an in vitro study. Andrologia, 46(4), 408-416.
42. Prasad, K. N., Yang, B., Dong, X., Jiang, G., Zhang, H., Xie, H., & Jiang, Y. (2009). Flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities from Cinnamomum species. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 10(4), 627-632.
43. Sander, F., & Cramer, S. D. (1941). A practical method for testing the spermicidal action of chemical contraceptives. Hum Fertil, 6(5), 134-137.
44. Satpathy, S., Patra, A., Hussain, M. D., Kazi, M., Aldughaim, M. S., & Ahirwar, B. (2021). A fraction of Pueraria tuberosa extract, rich in antioxidant compounds, alleviates ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis in rats and inhibits growth of breast and ovarian cancer cells. PLoS One, 16(1), e0240068.
45. Semwal, A., Kumar, R., & Singh, R. (2013). Nature’s aphrodisiacs-A review of current scientific literature. Int J Recent Adv Pharm Res, 3(2), 1-20.
46. Shilpashree, V., Dang, R., & Das, K. (2015). Evaluation of phytochemical investigation and immunomodulatory activity of four different plant species of vidari by carbon clearance test on wister rats. ANNALS OF PHYTOMEDICINE-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 4(1), 94-98.
47. Singh, A. P., Sarkar, S., Tripathi, M., & Rajender, S. (2013). Mucuna pruriens and its major constituent L-DOPA recover spermatogenic loss by combating ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis. PLoS One, 8(1), e54655.
48. Singh, R., Ali, A., Gupta, G., Semwal, A., & Jeyabalan, G. (2013). Some medicinal plants with aphrodisiac potential: A current status. Journal of Acute Disease, 2(3), 179-188.
49. Smolskaitė, L., Venskutonis, P. R., & Talou, T. (2015). Comprehensive evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different mushroom species. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 60(1), 462-471.
50. Sowndhararajan, K., & Kang, S. C. (2013). Free radical scavenging activity from different extracts of leaves of Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Arn. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 20(4), 319-325.
51. Taid, T. C., Rajkhowa, R. C., & Kalita, J. C. (2014). A study on the medicinal plants used by the local traditional healers of Dhemaji district, Assam, India for curing reproductive health related disorders. Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(1), 296-301.
52. Ullah, N. (2017). Medicinal plants of Pakistan: challenges and opportunities. Int. J. Complement. Alt. Med, 6(4), 00193.
53. Woldegiorgis, A. Z., Abate, D., Haki, G. D., & Ziegler, G. R. (2014). Antioxidant property of edible mushrooms collected from Ethiopia. Food chemistry, 157, 30-36.
54. Zhang, X., & Organization, W. H. (2002). Traditional medicine strategy 2002 2005.
55. Zhao, H.-x., Zhang, H.-s., & Yang, S.-f. (2014). Phenolic compounds and its antioxidant activities in ethanolic extracts from seven cultivars of Chinese jujube. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3-4), 183-190.
56. Zhou, Y.-H., Zhang, Y.-Y., Zhao, X., Yu, H.-J., Shi, K., & Yu, J.-Q. (2009). Impact of light variation on development of photoprotection, antioxidants, and nutritional value in Lactuca sativa L. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 57(12), 5494-5500.
2. Bharti, R., Chopra, B. S., Raut, S., & Khatri, N. (2021). Pueraria tuberosa: A review on traditional uses, pharmacology, and phytochemistry. Frontiers in pharmacology, 11, 582506.
3. Cai, Y., Luo, Q., Sun, M., & Corke, H. (2004). Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds of 112 traditional Chinese medicinal plants associated with anticancer. Life sciences, 74(17), 2157-2184.
4. Chang, X., Chen, X., Guo, Y., Gong, P., Pei, S., Wang, D., . . . Chen, F. (2022). Advances in Chemical Composition, Extraction Techniques, Analytical Methods, and Biological Activity of Astragali Radix. Molecules, 27(3), 1058.
5. Chauhan, N. S., Sharma, V., Thakur, M., Christine Helena Frankland Sawaya, A., & Dixit, V. (2013). Pueraria tuberosa DC extract improves androgenesis and sexual behavior via FSH LH cascade. The Scientific World Journal, 2013.
6. Cheesbrough, M. (2005). District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 2: Cambridge university press.
7. Chen, Q., Wang, Q., Zhu, J., Xiao, Q., & Zhang, L. (2018). Reactive oxygen species: key regulators in vascular health and diseases. British journal of pharmacology, 175(8), 1279-1292.
8. Choudhury, H., Pandey, M., Hua, C. K., Mun, C. S., Jing, J. K., Kong, L., . . . Yee, T. S. (2018). An update on natural compounds in the remedy of diabetes mellitus: A systematic review. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 8(3), 361-376.
9. Colagar, A. H., Marzony, E. T., & Chaichi, M. J. (2009). Zinc levels in seminal plasma are associated with sperm quality in fertile and infertile men. Nutrition research, 29(2), 82-88.
10. Egan, A. N. (2020). Economic and ethnobotanical uses of tubers in the genus Pueraria DC. Legume, 19, 24.
11. Epriliati, I., & Ginjom, I. R. (2012). Bioavailability of phytochemicals. Phytochemicals—A Global Perspective of Their Role in Nutrition and Health, 401-428.
12. Esmaeili, F., Hashemiravan, M., Eshaghi, M. R., & Gandomi, H. (2021). Optimization of aqueous extraction conditions of inulin from the Arctium lappa L. roots Using ultrasonic irradiation frequency. Journal of Food Quality, 2021, 1-12.
13. Fischer, N. H., Isman, M. B., & Stafford, H. A. (2012). Modern phytochemical methods (Vol. 25): Springer Science & Business Media.
14. Fowles, R. G., Mootoo, B. S., Ramsewak, R. S., & Khan, A. (2012). Toxicity–structure activity evaluation of limonoids from Swietenia species on Artemia salina. Pharmaceutical biology, 50(2), 264-267.
15. Fusco, R., Salinaro, A. T., Siracusa, R., D’Amico, R., Impellizzeri, D., Scuto, M., . . . Cuzzocrea, S. (2021). Hidrox® counteracts cyclophosphamide-induced male infertility through NRF2 pathways in a mouse model. Antioxidants, 10(5), 778.
16. Galal, A., Raman, V., & A Khan, I. (2015). Sida cordifolia, a traditional herb in modern perspective–a review. Current Traditional Medicine, 1(1), 5-17.
17. Gilani, A. H. (2005). Trends in ethnopharmacology. Journal of ethnopharmacology, 100(1-2), 43-49.
18. Gupta, M., Sasmal, S. K., Karmakar, N., Sasmal, S., & Chowdhury, S. (2016). Experimental evaluation of antioxidant action of aqueous extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra Linn. roots in potassium dichromate induced oxidative stress by assessment of reactive oxygen species levels. Inter. J. Pharmacognosy and Phytochem. Res, 8(8), 1325-1333.
19. Gupta, P., Sharma, V. K., & Sharma, S. (2014). Healing traditions of the Northwestern Himalayas: Springer.
20. Gutiérrez-del-Río, I., López-Ibáñez, S., Magadán-Corpas, P., Fernández-Calleja, L., Pérez-Valero, Á., Tuñón-Granda, M., . . . Lombó, F. (2021). Terpenoids and polyphenols as natural antioxidant agents in food preservation. Antioxidants, 10(8), 1264.
21. Hameed, A., Akram, N. A., Saleem, M. H., Ashraf, M., Ahmed, S., Ali, S., . . . Alyemeni, M. N. (2021). Seed treatment with α-tocopherol regulates growth and key physio-biochemical attributes in carrot (Daucus carota L.) plants under water limited regimes. Agronomy, 11(3), 469.
22. Huang, Y., Lin, J., Zou, J., Xu, J., Wang, M., Cai, H., . . . Ma, J. (2021). ABTS as an electron shuttle to accelerate the degradation of diclofenac with horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed hydrogen peroxide oxidation. Science of The Total Environment, 798, 149276.
23. Jayakumar, R., & Muralidharan, S. (2011). Metal contamination in select species of birds in Nilgiris District, Tamil Nadu, India. Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology, 87, 166-170.
24. Kanthaliya, B., Joshi, A., Arora, J., Alqahtani, M. D., & Abd_Allah, E. F. (2023). Effect of Biotic Elicitors on the Growth, Antioxidant Activity and Metabolites Accumulation in In Vitro Propagated Shoots of Pueraria tuberosa. Plants, 12(6), 1300.
25. Kanthaliya, B., Joshi, A., Meena, S., & Arora, J. (2021). Biology and Biotechnological Strategies for Conservation Management of Pueraria tuberosa, a Traditionally Established Medicinal Liana. Medicinal Plants: Domestication, Biotechnology and Regional Importance, 693-719.
26. Kensa, V., & Yasmin, S. (2011). Phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity on Ricinus communis L. Plant Sciences Feed, 1(9), 167-173.
27. Lencina, C. L., De Simone, F., & Cunico Filho, W. J. Pharmacological Application of Antiradical Compound Properties.
28. Likhitkar, M. L. M., & Pande, M. P. M. (2017). Antioxidant activity of methanolic and ethanolic extracts of Pueraria tuberosa plant. International Journal of Indigenous Herbs and Drugs, 1-5.
29. Loo, A., Jain, K., & Darah, I. (2008). Antioxidant activity of compounds isolated from the pyroligneous acid, Rhizophora apiculata. Food chemistry, 107(3), 1151-1160.
30. Lü, J. M., Lin, P. H., Yao, Q., & Chen, C. (2010). Chemical and molecular mechanisms of antioxidants: experimental approaches and model systems. Journal of cellular and molecular medicine, 14(4), 840-860.
31. Lu, M., Yuan, B., Zeng, M., & Chen, J. (2011). Antioxidant capacity and major phenolic compounds of spices commonly consumed in China. Food Research International, 44(2), 530-536.
32. Maji, A. K., Pandit, S., Banerji, P., & Banerjee, D. (2014). Pueraria tuberosa: a review on its phytochemical and therapeutic potential. Natural product research, 28(23), 2111-2127.
33. Malviya, N., Jain, S., Gupta, V. B., & Vyas, S. (2011). Recent studies on aphrodisiac herbs for the management of male sexual dysfunction-a review. Acta Pol Pharm, 68(1), 3-8.
34. Müller, L., Fröhlich, K., & Böhm, V. (2011). Comparative antioxidant activities of carotenoids measured by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), ABTS bleaching assay (αTEAC), DPPH assay and peroxyl radical scavenging assay. Food Chemistry, 129(1), 139-148.
35. Munir, N., Mehmood, Z., Shahid, M., Aslam, S., Abbas, M., Mehboob, H., . . . Badar, Q. u. A. (2022). Phytochemical Constituents and In vitro Pharmacological Response of Cnidium monnieri; A Natural Ancient Medicinal Herb. Dose-Response, 20(3), 15593258221115543.
36. Ofusori, D., Oluwayinka, O., Adelakun, A., Keji, S., Oluyemi, K., Adesanya, O., . . . Ayoka, A. (2007). Evaluation of the effect of ethanolic extract of Croton zambesicus on the testes of Swiss albino mice. African Journal of Biotechnology, 6(21).
37. Okwu, D. E., & Iroabuchi, F. (2009). Phytochemical composition and biological activities of Uvaria chamae and Clerodendoron splendens. E-journal of Chemistry, 6(2), 553-560.
38. Pandey, H., Srivastava, S., Dwivedi, M., Upadhay, N., & Singh, M. (2019). Pharmacognostic standardization of tuber Pueraria tuberosa. J Imer Tech Innov Res, 6(4), 611-622.
39. Patel, D., Kumar, R., Prasad, S., & Hemalatha, S. (2011). Pharmacologically screened aphrodisiac plant-A review of current scientific literature. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 1(1), S131-S138.
40. Powell, W., Catranis, C., & Maynard, C. (2000). Design of self‐processing antimicrobial peptides for plant protection. Letters in applied microbiology, 31(2), 163-168.
41. Prakash, S., Ravikumar, S., Reddy, K., & Kannapiran, E. (2014). Spermicidal activity of I ndian seaweeds: an in vitro study. Andrologia, 46(4), 408-416.
42. Prasad, K. N., Yang, B., Dong, X., Jiang, G., Zhang, H., Xie, H., & Jiang, Y. (2009). Flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities from Cinnamomum species. Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies, 10(4), 627-632.
43. Sander, F., & Cramer, S. D. (1941). A practical method for testing the spermicidal action of chemical contraceptives. Hum Fertil, 6(5), 134-137.
44. Satpathy, S., Patra, A., Hussain, M. D., Kazi, M., Aldughaim, M. S., & Ahirwar, B. (2021). A fraction of Pueraria tuberosa extract, rich in antioxidant compounds, alleviates ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis in rats and inhibits growth of breast and ovarian cancer cells. PLoS One, 16(1), e0240068.
45. Semwal, A., Kumar, R., & Singh, R. (2013). Nature’s aphrodisiacs-A review of current scientific literature. Int J Recent Adv Pharm Res, 3(2), 1-20.
46. Shilpashree, V., Dang, R., & Das, K. (2015). Evaluation of phytochemical investigation and immunomodulatory activity of four different plant species of vidari by carbon clearance test on wister rats. ANNALS OF PHYTOMEDICINE-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL, 4(1), 94-98.
47. Singh, A. P., Sarkar, S., Tripathi, M., & Rajender, S. (2013). Mucuna pruriens and its major constituent L-DOPA recover spermatogenic loss by combating ROS, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and apoptosis. PLoS One, 8(1), e54655.
48. Singh, R., Ali, A., Gupta, G., Semwal, A., & Jeyabalan, G. (2013). Some medicinal plants with aphrodisiac potential: A current status. Journal of Acute Disease, 2(3), 179-188.
49. Smolskaitė, L., Venskutonis, P. R., & Talou, T. (2015). Comprehensive evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of different mushroom species. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 60(1), 462-471.
50. Sowndhararajan, K., & Kang, S. C. (2013). Free radical scavenging activity from different extracts of leaves of Bauhinia vahlii Wight & Arn. Saudi journal of biological sciences, 20(4), 319-325.
51. Taid, T. C., Rajkhowa, R. C., & Kalita, J. C. (2014). A study on the medicinal plants used by the local traditional healers of Dhemaji district, Assam, India for curing reproductive health related disorders. Advances in Applied Science Research, 5(1), 296-301.
52. Ullah, N. (2017). Medicinal plants of Pakistan: challenges and opportunities. Int. J. Complement. Alt. Med, 6(4), 00193.
53. Woldegiorgis, A. Z., Abate, D., Haki, G. D., & Ziegler, G. R. (2014). Antioxidant property of edible mushrooms collected from Ethiopia. Food chemistry, 157, 30-36.
54. Zhang, X., & Organization, W. H. (2002). Traditional medicine strategy 2002 2005.
55. Zhao, H.-x., Zhang, H.-s., & Yang, S.-f. (2014). Phenolic compounds and its antioxidant activities in ethanolic extracts from seven cultivars of Chinese jujube. Food Science and Human Wellness, 3(3-4), 183-190.
56. Zhou, Y.-H., Zhang, Y.-Y., Zhao, X., Yu, H.-J., Shi, K., & Yu, J.-Q. (2009). Impact of light variation on development of photoprotection, antioxidants, and nutritional value in Lactuca sativa L. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 57(12), 5494-5500.
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Dec 23, 2023
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Hamad Ahmed, SM Ali Shah, Abid Rashid, Sultan Ayaz, & Saher Rahat. (2023). PHYTO-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PUERARIA TUBEROSA AND ITS EFFECT ON SPERMATOZOA PARAMETERS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(19), 1044-1061. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i19.3799
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Author Biographies
Hamad Ahmed
Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
SM Ali Shah
Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Abid Rashid
Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Sultan Ayaz
Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Saher Rahat
Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Pakistan.
How to Cite
Hamad Ahmed, SM Ali Shah, Abid Rashid, Sultan Ayaz, & Saher Rahat. (2023). PHYTO-PHARMACOLOGICAL STUDIES ON ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF PUERARIA TUBEROSA AND ITS EFFECT ON SPERMATOZOA PARAMETERS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(19), 1044-1061. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i19.3799