EFFICACY OF APREMILAST IN DIFFERENT PSORIASIS
Main Article Content
Keywords
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic immune disorder characterized by hyper pro-liferation of the skin’s epidermal layer. There is premature maturation of keratinocytes and dermal inflammatory infiltrates comprising dendritic cells, macrophages and T cells.1 It is most commonly found on the scalp, elbows, knees, but other parts of the body can be affected as well. The cause can be genetic or environmental triggers. There are different types of psoriasis-2
References
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2. National institute of arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin disease (2024, aug), Psoriasis https:// www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/psoriasis
3. Palfreeman AC, McNamee KE, McCann FE. New developments in the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a focus on apremilast. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2013;7:201- 10.
4. Afra TP,Razmi TM, DograS. Apremilast in Psoriasis and Beyond:Big Hopes on a Small Molecule. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019 Jan-Feb;10(1):1-12. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_437_18. PMID: 30775293; PMCID: PMC6362739.
5. PappK, CatherJC, RosophL,et al. Efficacy of apremilast in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9843):738–746
6. Ohtsuki M,OkuboY,Komine M,Imafuku S,Day RM,Chen P,Petric R,Maroli A,Nemoto O.Apremilast an oral phosphodiesterase4inhibitor, in the treatment of Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Efficacy, safety and tolerability results from a phase 2b randomized controlled trial. J Dermatol. 2017 Aug;44(8):873-884. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.13829. Epub 2017Apr 9. PMID: 28391657; PMCID: PMC5573969.
7. Papp KA, Kaufmann R, Thaçi D, Hu C, Sutherland D, Rohane P. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: results from a phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose- comparison study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012 Oct 3; doi: 10.1111/j.1468- 3083.2012.04716
8. SchettG, Wollen hauptJ,PappK, et al.Oral apremilast in the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(10):3156–3167.
9. Gottlieb AB, Strober B, Krueger JG, et al. An open-label,single-arm pilot study in patients with severe plaque-type psoriasis treated with an oral anti-inflammatory agent,apremilast. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24(5):1529–1538.
10. Merola, Joseph F. et al. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in patients with moderate-to- severe genital psoriasis: Results from DISCREET, a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 3, 485 - 493
11. Keating GM. Apremilast: A Review in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. Drugs. 2017 Mar;77(4):459-472
12. Fiorillo, Loretta et al. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: 16-week results from SPROUT, a randomized controlled trial, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume90, Issue6, 1232 - 1239
13. Edwards CJ, Blanco FJ, Crowley J,et al Apremilast,an oral phosphor-diesterase 4 inhibitor, in patients with psoriatic arthritis and current skin involvement: a phase III, randomised, controlled trial (PALACE 3).Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:1065–1073.
14. Kavanaugh A, Mease PJ, Gomez-Reino JJ, Adebajo AO, Wollen haupt J, Gladman DD, Hochfeld M, Teng LL, Schett G, Lespessailles E, HallS. Long term (52-week) results of a phase III randomized, controlled trial of apremilast in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol.2015Mar;42(3):479-88.doi:10.3899/jrheum.140647.Epub2015Jan15.PMID: 25593233.
2. National institute of arthritis and musculoskeletal and skin disease (2024, aug), Psoriasis https:// www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/psoriasis
3. Palfreeman AC, McNamee KE, McCann FE. New developments in the management of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a focus on apremilast. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2013;7:201- 10.
4. Afra TP,Razmi TM, DograS. Apremilast in Psoriasis and Beyond:Big Hopes on a Small Molecule. Indian Dermatol Online J. 2019 Jan-Feb;10(1):1-12. doi: 10.4103/idoj.IDOJ_437_18. PMID: 30775293; PMCID: PMC6362739.
5. PappK, CatherJC, RosophL,et al. Efficacy of apremilast in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis: A randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012;380(9843):738–746
6. Ohtsuki M,OkuboY,Komine M,Imafuku S,Day RM,Chen P,Petric R,Maroli A,Nemoto O.Apremilast an oral phosphodiesterase4inhibitor, in the treatment of Japanese patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: Efficacy, safety and tolerability results from a phase 2b randomized controlled trial. J Dermatol. 2017 Aug;44(8):873-884. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.13829. Epub 2017Apr 9. PMID: 28391657; PMCID: PMC5573969.
7. Papp KA, Kaufmann R, Thaçi D, Hu C, Sutherland D, Rohane P. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in subjects with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: results from a phase II, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, dose- comparison study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2012 Oct 3; doi: 10.1111/j.1468- 3083.2012.04716
8. SchettG, Wollen hauptJ,PappK, et al.Oral apremilast in the treatment of active psoriatic arthritis: results of a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Arthritis Rheum. 2012;64(10):3156–3167.
9. Gottlieb AB, Strober B, Krueger JG, et al. An open-label,single-arm pilot study in patients with severe plaque-type psoriasis treated with an oral anti-inflammatory agent,apremilast. Curr Med Res Opin. 2008;24(5):1529–1538.
10. Merola, Joseph F. et al. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in patients with moderate-to- severe genital psoriasis: Results from DISCREET, a phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume 90, Issue 3, 485 - 493
11. Keating GM. Apremilast: A Review in Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. Drugs. 2017 Mar;77(4):459-472
12. Fiorillo, Loretta et al. Efficacy and safety of apremilast in pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: 16-week results from SPROUT, a randomized controlled trial, Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, Volume90, Issue6, 1232 - 1239
13. Edwards CJ, Blanco FJ, Crowley J,et al Apremilast,an oral phosphor-diesterase 4 inhibitor, in patients with psoriatic arthritis and current skin involvement: a phase III, randomised, controlled trial (PALACE 3).Ann Rheum Dis 2016;75:1065–1073.
14. Kavanaugh A, Mease PJ, Gomez-Reino JJ, Adebajo AO, Wollen haupt J, Gladman DD, Hochfeld M, Teng LL, Schett G, Lespessailles E, HallS. Long term (52-week) results of a phase III randomized, controlled trial of apremilast in patients with psoriatic arthritis. J Rheumatol.2015Mar;42(3):479-88.doi:10.3899/jrheum.140647.Epub2015Jan15.PMID: 25593233.