CORRELATION OF GENOTYPES, ANTIVIRAL DRUGS, GENDER AND AGE DIFFERENCES IN OLD AGED HCV PATIENTS OF SIALKOT, PAKISTAN

Main Article Content

Kashif Waqas
Syed Zeeshan Haider Naqvi
Muhammad Usama Arshad
Usama Basirat
Javed Anver Qureshi
Sabira Sultana
Faheem Hadi
Qurban Ali

Keywords

Hepatitis C virus, genotype 3, direct-acting antiviral drugs, age, gender

Abstract

The Hepatitis C virus contains RNA as its genome that can cause liver injury at the cellular level. Inflammation caused by viruses can progress to lethal conditions such as fibrosis, cirrhosis and cancer. Various direct-acting anti-viral drugs are available in the market in many regions of the world. These drugs work on principle by targeting specific proteins which damage the virus. Many drugs are administered in combination and produce a sustained virological response in 12 weeks. A follow-up research was performed to evaluate 3 months of treatment outcome of some direct-acting antiviral drugs in 131 patients (110 patients of HCV genotype 3) above 50 years and they were compared related to type of genotypes, administration of antiviral drugs, gender and age differences. 115 patients yielded a pooled SVR of more than 85% after twelve weeks of commonly used antiviral drug evaluation. Commonly used antiviral drugs in Sialkot, Pakistan, showed effectiveness in HCV patients having genotypes 1-5.

Abstract 169 | pdf Downloads 96

References

1. Petruzziello A. Suppl-1, M3: epidemiology of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) related hepatocellular carcinoma. The open virology journal. 2018;12:26.
2. Pietschmann T, Brown RJ. Hepatitis C virus. Trends in microbiology. 2019;27(4):379-380.
3. Borgia SM, Hedskog C, Parhy B, et al. Identification of a novel hepatitis C virus genotype from Punjab, India: expanding classification of hepatitis C virus into 8 genotypes. The Journal of infectious diseases. 2018;218(11):1722-1729.
4. Shi J, Li Y, Chang W, Zhang X, Wang F-S. Current progress in host innate and adaptive immunity against hepatitis C virus infection. Hepatology International. 2017;11(4):374-383.
5. Manns MP, Buti M, Gane E, et al. Hepatitis C virus infection. Nature reviews Disease primers. 2017;3(1):1-19.
6. Carrasco T, Barquín D, Ndarabu A, et al. HCV diagnosis and sequencing using dried blood spots from patients in Kinshasa (DRC): A tool to achieve WHO 2030 targets. Diagnostics. 2021;11(3):522.
7. Omran D, Alboraie M, Zayed RA, et al. Towards hepatitis C virus elimination: Egyptian experience, achievements and limitations. World journal of gastroenterology. 2018;24(38):4330.
8. Hofmeister MG, Rosenthal EM, Barker LK, et al. Estimating prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in the United States, 2013‐2016. Hepatology. 2019;69(3):1020-1031.
9. Spengler U. Direct antiviral agents (DAAs)-A new age in the treatment of hepatitis C virus infection. Pharmacology & therapeutics. 2018;183:118-126.
10. Grebely J, Dalgard O, Conway B, et al. Sofosbuvir and velpatasvir for hepatitis C virus infection in people with recent injection drug use (SIMPLIFY): an open-label, single-arm, phase 4, multicentre trial. The lancet Gastroenterology & hepatology. 2018;3(3):153-161.
11. Moosavy SH, Davoodian P, Nazarnezhad MA, Nejatizaheh A, Eftekhar E, Mahboobi H. Epidemiology, transmission, diagnosis, and outcome of Hepatitis C virus infection. Electronic physician. 2017;9(10):5646.
12. Wei L, Lim SG, Xie Q, et al. Sofosbuvir–velpatasvir for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus infection in Asia: a single-arm, open-label, phase 3 trial. The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. 2019;4(2):127-134.
13. Lim SG, Aghemo A, Chen P-J, et al. Management of hepatitis C virus infection in the Asia-Pacific region: an update. The lancet Gastroenterology & hepatology. 2017;2(1):52-62.
14. Parr JB, Lodge EK, Holzmayer V, et al. An efficient, large-scale survey of hepatitis C viremia in the Democratic Republic of the Congo using dried blood spots. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2018;66(2):254-260.
15. Wong VWS, Chan WK, Chitturi S, et al. Asia–Pacific Working Party on Non‐alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease guidelines 2017—part 1: definition, risk factors and assessment. Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology. 2018;33(1):70-85.
16. Kanda T, Goto T, Hirotsu Y, Moriyama M, Omata M. Molecular mechanisms driving progression of liver cirrhosis towards hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis B and C infections: a review. International journal of molecular sciences. 2019;20(6):1358.
17. Kandeel A, Genedy M, El‐Refai S, Funk AL, Fontanet A, Talaat M. The prevalence of hepatitis C virus infection in Egypt 2015: implications for future policy on prevention and treatment. Liver International. 2017;37(1):45-53.
18. Ioannou GN, Feld JJ. What are the benefits of a sustained virologic response to direct-acting antiviral therapy for hepatitis C virus infection? Gastroenterology. 2019;156(2):446-460. e442.
19. Martinez MG, Villeret F, Testoni B, Zoulim F. Can we cure hepatitis B virus with novel direct‐acting antivirals? Liver International. 2020;40:27-34.
20. Shoun AA, Abozahra R, Baraka K, Mehrez M, Abdelhamid SM. Identifying Different Mutation Sites Leading to Resistance to the Direct-Acting Antiviral (DAA) Sofosbuvir in Hepatitis C Virus Patients from Egypt. Microorganisms. 2022;10(4):679.
21. Chiang C-H, Lai Y-L, Huang Y-N, et al. Sequential phosphorylation of the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein depends on NS3-mediated autocleavage between NS3 and NS4A. Journal of virology. 2020;94(19):e00420-00420.
22. Yin C, Goonawardane N, Stewart H, Harris M. A role for domain I of the hepatitis C virus NS5A protein in virus assembly. PLoS pathogens. 2018;14(1):e1006834.
23. Schietroma I, Scheri GC, Pinacchio C, Statzu M, Petruzziello A, Vullo V. Suppl-1, M2: Hepatitis C Virus and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Pathogenetic Mechanisms and Impact of Direct-Acting Antivirals. The Open Virology Journal. 2018;12:16.
24. Mailly L, Baumert TF. Hepatitis C virus infection and tight junction proteins: The ties that bind. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-Biomembranes. 2020;1862(7):183296.
25. Chan J, Gogela N, Zheng H, et al. Direct-acting antiviral therapy for chronic HCV infection results in liver stiffness regression over 12 months post-treatment. Digestive Diseases and Sciences. 2018;63(2):486-492.
26. Xiao F, Fofana I, Heydmann L, et al. Hepatitis C virus cell-cell transmission and resistance to direct-acting antiviral agents. PLoS pathogens. 2014;10(5):e1004128.
27. Kanwal F, Kramer JR, Ilyas J, Duan Z, El‐Serag HB. HCV genotype 3 is associated with an increased risk of cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer in a national sample of US Veterans with HCV. Hepatology. 2014;60(1):98-105.
28. Waqas K, Saddiqa A, Naqvi SZH, et al. Evaluation of Direct-Acting Antiviral Drugs for Hepatitis C Genotype 3 Patients from ages 30-50 years in Sialkot, Pakistan.
29. Waqas K, Noreen B, Muzaffar Z, et al. Evaluation of Direct-acting Antiviral Drugs for Hepatitis C patients below 30 years age in Sialkot, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Medical & Health Sciences. 2022;16(11):55-55.
30. El Sagheer G, Soliman E, Ahmad A, Hamdy L. Study of changes in lipid profile and insulin resistance in Egyptian patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 4 in the era of DAAs. Libyan Journal of Medicine. 2018;13(1).
31. Nagaoki Y, Imamura M, Aikata H, et al. The risks of hepatocellular carcinoma development after HCV eradication are similar between patients treated with peg-interferon plus ribavirin and direct-acting antiviral therapy. PLoS One. 2017;12(8):e0182710.
32. Zeuzem S, Dusheiko GM, Salupere R, et al. Sofosbuvir and ribavirin in HCV genotypes 2 and 3. New England Journal of Medicine. 2014;370(21):1993-2001.
33. Foster GR, Pianko S, Brown A, et al. Efficacy of sofosbuvir plus ribavirin with or without peginterferon-alfa in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection and treatment-experienced patients with cirrhosis and hepatitis C virus genotype 2 infection. Gastroenterology. 2015;149(6):1462-1470.
34. Nelson DR, Cooper JN, Lalezari JP, et al. All‐oral 12‐week treatment with daclatasvir plus sofosbuvir in patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: ALLY‐3 phase III study. Hepatology. 2015;61(4):1127-1135.
35. Berden FA, Aaldering BR, Groenewoud H, IntHout J, Kievit W, Drenth JP. Identification of the best direct-acting antiviral regimen for patients with hepatitis C virus genotype 3 infection: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2017;15(3):349-359.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

<< < 1 2