EVALUATION OF ANTI-ULCER, LAXATIVE AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF TECOMELLA UNDULATA (ROXB.)
Main Article Content
Keywords
Tecomella undulata, anti-ulcer, Laxative, Anti-inflammatory, Balochistan
Abstract
Tecomella undulata (Bignoniaceae) is a well-known medicinal plant used for the treatment of ulcers and constipation. The present study was carried out to determine phytochemical tests, FT-IR studies, heavy metal concentrations, anti-ulcer, laxative, and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanolic extract of T. undulata leaves. Phytochemical tests were conducted to detect the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, glycosides, anthraquinones, and terpenoids. FT-IR studies were performed to identify different functional groups. The concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, Se, and Sb) was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy. In the anti-ulcer activity, an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model was employed. Laxative activity was evaluated using loperamide-induced constipation. In the phytochemical tests, the presence of glycosides, alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, and anthraquinones was confirmed. FT-IR studies confirmed the presence of different functional groups (C–N, C-O, N=O, C=C, C=O, C-H, O-H). The concentration of Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Se was within the permitted limits, while the concentration of Sb exceeded the permitted limits. The ethanolic extract of T. undulata exhibited protective effects against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The results showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the ulcerative index, reduction in inflammation, erythema, and edema in macroscopic evaluation. In the laxative activity test, a significant (p < 0.05) increase in fecal volume, feed intake, and water intake was observed, indicating improved intestinal movement in constipated rats. In anti-inflammatory activities, T. undulata ethanolic extract demonstrated significant (p<0.05) anti-inflammatory effects in carrageenan and formalin-induced rat paw edema. The results of the present study indicate that the crude ethanolic extract of T. undulata possesses significant anti-ulcer, laxative, and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Mohammad Arsalan
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi - Pakistan
Iqbal Azhar
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi - Pakistan
Shafi Muhammad
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan
Shahlla Imam
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi - Pakistan
Ghulam Razzaque
Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan
Abdul Jabbar
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Karachi - Pakistan
Abdul Qadir
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi - Pakistan
Nagina Soomer Khan
Department of Eastern Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan
Muhammad Younis
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan
Nisar Ahmad Shahwani
Department of Pharmaceutical chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan
Ghulam Mustafa
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University Karachi - Pakistan
Taufiq Ahmed
Department of eastern medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, University of Balochistan, Quetta - Pakistan