CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF COVID-19
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Keywords
COVID-19, Patients, Manifestation, Lesions
Abstract
Background: Cutaneous manifestations have been increasingly recognized as potential symptoms of COVID-19. Understanding the spectrum of dermatological findings associated with COVID-19 can aid in early recognition, diagnosis, and appropriate management of affected individuals. This structural abstract provides a concise overview of the cutaneous manifestations observed in patients with COVID-19.
Methods: A comprehensive review of published literature and relevant studies was conducted using electronic databases. The search included articles reporting on cutaneous manifestations associated with COVID-19. Data regarding the types of skin lesions, their clinical presentations, and their temporal relationship to COVID-19 were extracted and analyzed.
Results: A total of 100 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing a substantial number of COVID-19 patients with cutaneous manifestations. The analysis revealed a diverse range of skin lesions, including erythematous maculopapular rashes, vesicular eruptions, urticaria, livedo reticularis, and acral lesions such as chilblain-like lesions and vesicular-pustular eruptions. Some lesions demonstrated a characteristic distribution pattern, such as the acral distribution observed in COVID-19-associated chilblain-like lesions. The timing of skin manifestations varied, with some occurring before, during, or after the onset of respiratory symptoms.
Conclusion: Cutaneous manifestations are increasingly recognized as potential markers of COVID-19. Dermatological findings can serve as valuable clinical clues in identifying and managing individuals with COVID-19, particularly in the absence of typical respiratory symptoms. Healthcare providers should be aware of the various skin manifestations associated with COVID-19 and consider them in the diagnostic workup of suspected cases. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and determine the clinical significance of these cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19 patients.
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Maha Rahim Qureshi
Heartlands Hospital Birmingham, UK
Ashok Kumar
Heartlands Hospital Birmingham, UK
Dev Anand
Lohana Medical Centre
Sanam
Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana
FNU Anam
COVID-19 Hospital, DHQ Dadu
Dr. Lareb Gul
Civil Hospital Dadu
Dr. Ugal Kishore
Civil Hospital Tando Allahyar
Dr. Muhammad Ayoob Memon
COVID-19 Hospital, DHQ Dadu
FNU Partab
Chandka Medical College Larkana
Mohsin Ali
Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University Larkana
Sona Kumari
Internal Medicine People University of Medical and Health Sciences Nawabshah