EPIDEMIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF MENOPAUSE ASSOCIATED COMPLICATIONS IN WOMEN OF PUNJAB PAKISTAN
Main Article Content
Keywords
Menopause, Complications, Epidemiology, Hypertension, Hair Growth
Abstract
Menopause is one of the most important reproductive health issues of women. As women pass through various stages of menopause, the prevalence of symptoms also varies. The purpose of the present study was to provide a comprehensive assessment of post- menopausal complications in women of Lahore, Pakistan along with the treatment options available for this purpose. A non-experimental, cohort, community based study was performed for the epidemiological assessment of menopause associated complications in women of Punjab, Pakistan of age groups 45-65 Years. Furthermore, women with the cessation of menstruation within the previous 12 months after last menstruation were considered as postmenopausal women. Total 200 patients from Arif Memorial Teaching Hospital, Lahore were included. Maximum number [84.80%] of the hypertensive women were diagnosed with it following menopause, and 15.20% were diagnosed with hypertension before their menopause. 31.50% respondents reported to have experienced abnormal hair growth on their face. Over 91.90% women reported to have started to experience these symptoms post-menopause whereas 8.10% did not experience these symptoms after their menopause.
References
2. Sehati F, Mirghafurvand M, Momeni K. The predictions’ demographic of general health in menopausal women in Langroud city. J Health Breeze. 2015;3(3):29–36.
3. Boldsen JL, Jeune B. Distribution of age at menopause in Two Danish samples. Hum Biol 1990; 62(2): 291-300.
4. Schwarz S, Völzke H, Alte D, et al. Menopause and determinants of quality of life in women at midlife and beyond: the study of health in pomerania (SHIP). Menopause. 2007;14(1):123–134.
5. Golmakany A, Shariati Sarcheshmeh M, Marouzi P, Rezaie Sani T. Body Mass Index and its relation to menopausal women’s quality of life. J Holist Nurs Midwifery. 2016;26(1):48–55.
6. Makvandi S, Shushtari SZ, Yazdizadeh H. Frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms and its relationship with demographic factors in pre-and postmenopausal women of Ahvaz, Iran. Iran J Ob Obstetr Gynecol Infertility. 2013;16(49.5):7–15.
7. Brambilla DJ, McKinlay SM. A prospective study of factors affecting age at menopause. J Clin Epidemiol 1989; 42(11): 1031-1039.
8. Bio-psycho-socio-cultural perspectives On menopause Myra Hunter Melanie Rendall
9. Gibbs RS, Karlan BY, Haney AF, Nygaard IE. Danforth’s obstetrics and gynecology. Philadelphia, PA: LippincottWilliams & Wilkins; 2008. P. 1063-72.
10. PERSPECTIVE OF ASIAN WOMEN TOWARDS MENOPAUSE:A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
11. Kearney PM, Whelton M, Reynolds K, et al. Global burden of hypertension: analysis of worldwide data. Lancet 2005; 365: 217–223.
12. Staessen J, Bulpitt CJ, Fagard R, et al. The influence of mnopause on blood pressure. J Hum Hypertens 1989; 3:427–433.
13. https://synapse.koreamed.org/articles/1005732
14. Kravitz HM , Zhao X, Bromberger JT, et al. Sleep disturbance during the menopausal transition in a multi-ethnic community sample of women. Sleep.2008;31(7):979–990.
15. Madaan S, Acharya N, Jaiswal A, Dewani D, Kotdawala K. Anxiety and depression in post-Menopausal women: A short review. Ann Geriatrics Educ Med Sci 2021;8(2):38-
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Mahreen Siddique
Assistant Professor in Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Yashfeen College of Pharmacy, Yashfeen Education System, Lahore, Pakistan / Ph.D. Scholar (Pharmacology), Institute of Pharmacy, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Fahad Asim
Lecturer in Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
Farwa Tahir
Lab Demonstrator cum Lecturer, Aims College of Pharmacy, Okara, Pakistan
Maryam Zafar
Virtual Pharmacist, Healthcare Billing Freedom (Frisco-Texas), Lahore, Pakistan
Kanwal Asif
Senior Lecturer in Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif Khan University, Lahore, Pakistan / Ph.D. Scholar (Pharmacology), University of Sargodha, Lahore, Pakistan
Sidra Javaid
Lecturer, Rashid Latif College of Pharmacy, Rashid Latif Khan University, Lahore, Pakistan
Kanza Tariq
Lecturer, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
Irma Umar
Lecturer, DAKSON Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
Komal Khizar
Hospital Pharmacist, Mubarak Medical Complex (New Block), Sargodha, Pakistan
Mohsin Ali
M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan