“A REVIEW ON UNEVELING THE MIRACLE MEDICINAL BENEFITS FOR MAINTAINING HEALTHY BONES FROM CISSUS QUANDRANULARIS AND PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE”
Main Article Content
Keywords
Abstract
This study examines the medicinal properties of two plants, Cissus quadrangularis and Pithecellobium dulce, which have been used in traditional medicine for centuries. The plants' phytochemical profiles reveal a diverse range of bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic acids. The study investigates the pharmacological actions of these plants, including their anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant effects. Cissus quadrangularis is found to have bone protective properties, with the potential to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis. Its anti-inflammatory activity is associated with luteolin and β-sitosterol. The plant also shows anti-diabetic potential by modulating the antioxidant defense system. Pithecellobium dulce exhibits anti-inflammatory activity, with its saponin content showing potential against exudative and proliferative phase inflammation. The plant also demonstrates antitubercular activity, with its alcoholic extract showing highest activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The study highlights the potential of these plants as a source of new drugs and their contribution to alternative medicine. The findings provide a comprehensive overview of the medicinal properties of Cissus quadrangularis and Pithecellobium dulce, highlighting their potential for future research and development. The study's results support the use of these plants in traditional medicine and suggest their potential for use in bone disease.
Overall, this study demonstrates the potential of Cissus quadrangularis and Pithecellobium dulce as valuable resources for the development of new drugs and highlights the importance of preserving traditional knowledge and exploring the medicinal properties of plants.
References
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4 - Seeman E. et.al. Age and menopause-related bone loss compromise cortical and trabecular microstructure. Journal of Gerontol A Biological Science Medicine, 2013; 6(1):121-125.
5 - Currey JD. et.al. The many adaptations of Bone. Journal of Biomechanism, 2003; 3(2):148-165.
6 - Martin RM and Correa PHS. Bone quality and osteoporosis therapy. Review Associated Medicinal Branches, 2010; 5(2):186-199.
7 - Nordin M and Frankel VH. Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, 2012; 3(1):98-113.
8 - Huiskes R. et.al. If bone is the answer, then what is the question? Journal of Anatomy, 2018; 7(2):145-156.
9 - Crockett JC, Rogers MJ, Coxon FP, Hocking LJ. et.al. Bone remodelling at a glance. Journal Cell Science, 2011; 1(4):91-128.
10 - Karsenty G, Kronenburg HM, Settembre Cissus et.al. Genetic control of Bone Formation. Annual Review Cell Division Biochemical, 2009; 2(5):29-48.
11 - Singh A, Mehdi AA, Srivastava RN. et.al. Immunoregulation of bone remodelling. International Journal of Critical Injective Science, 2012; 2(2):75-81.
12 - Lu XL, Huo B, Chiang V, Guo XE. et.al. Osteocytic network is more responsive in calcium signaling than osteoblastic network under fluid flow. Journal of Bone Miner Response, 2012; 2(3):563-574.
13 - Stern AR and Nicolella Dpithecellobium Measurement and Estimation of Osteocyte mechanical strain. Bone Physiology and Research, 2013; 5(2):191-195.
14 - Bonewald LF. et.al. Mechanosensation and Transduction in Osteocytes. Bonekey Osteovision, 2006; 3(1):7-15.
15 - Martin RM and Correa PHS. et.al. Bone Quality and Osteoporosis Therapy. Reverse Assocociates Medicinals Branches, 2010; 4(2):86-99.
16 - Fukumoto S, Martin TJ. et.al. Bone as an Endocrine Organ. Trends Endocrinol Metabolism, 2009; 20(5):2-6.
17 - Lindsay R. et.al. Hormones and Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women. Endocrine Basic Journal, 2004; 2(3):23-30.
18 - Fuqua JS, Rogol AD. et.al. Neuroendocrine Alterations in the Exercising Human: Implications for Energy Homeostasis. Metabolism Research, 2013; 1(3):11-21.
19 - Sapir-Koren R, Livshits G. et.al. Bone Mineralization and Regulation of Phosphate Homeostasis. IBMS Bone Key, 2011; 8(6):286-300.
20 - Partha Pradip Adhikar et.al. History of Indian Traditional Medicine: A Medical Inheritance. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018; 11(1):421-426.
21 - Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Tolulope J. Ashaolu, S. R. et.al. Traditional Indian Medicine. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2019; 3(2):321-322.
22 - Monokesh Kumer Sen, Biplab Kumar Dash et.al. A review on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Cissus quadrangularis L. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2012; 6(3):169-173.
23 - Ayesha Siddiqua and Sirisha Mittapally et.al. A review on Cissus quadrangularis. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2017; 6(7):329-334.
24 - Sadiya Zaki , R Malath , V Latha et.al. A review on efficacy of Cissus quadrangularis in pharmacological mechanisms. International Journal of Clinical microbiology and Biochemical technology, 2021; 3(1):49-53.
25 - High Demand for Medicinal Plants in India. Available online: https://www.ibef.org/blogs/high-demand-for-medicinal-plants-in-india.
26 - Cissus quadrangularis. Available online: cissus quadrangularis - Wikipedia.
27 - Robert, Qing-feng, Yong W. et.al. A Taxonomic Investigation of Variation within Cissus quadrangularis L. Wuhan University Journal National Science, 2001, 6(1):715-724.
28 - Plant Details-Information about Cissus quadrangularis Plant. Available online: https://www.efloraofgandhinagar.in/ succulents/cissus-quadrangularis.
29 - Joseph, George J. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. World Journal of Pharmacological Research, 2013, 2(1):596-605.
30 - Prabhavathi, Prasad R.M. et.al. Studies on Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Cissus Quadrangularis. Advanced Application Science Research, 2016, 7(1):11–17.
31 - Enechi, Odonwodo I. et.al. An Assessment of the Phytochemical and Nutrient Composition of the Pulverized Root of Cissus Quadrangularis. Bio-Research, 2003, 1(2):63-68.
32 - Guerra JM, Hanes MA et al. Modulation of bone turnover by Cissus quadrangularis after ovariectomy in rats. Journal of Bone Mineral Metabolism, 2019, 3(7):780-795.
33 - Potu BK, Nampurath GK, Rao MS. et.al. Effect of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on the development of osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in rats. La Clinical therapeutic, 2011, 2(1)307-312.
34 - Potu BK, Rao MS, Nampurath GK, Chamallamudi MR. et al. Evidence-based assessment of antiosteoporosis activity of petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Upsala Journal of Medicinal Science, 2009, 11(4):140-148.
35 - Potu BK, Rao MS, Kutty NG, Bhat KM, Chamallamudi MR. et al. Petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis (Linn.) stimulates the growth of fetal bone during intra uterine developmental period: a morphometric analysis. Clinics Methodology, 2008, 6(3):815-820.
36 - Shirwaikar A, Khan S, Malini S. et.al. Antiosteoporotic effect of ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomized rat. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2003, 8(9):245-250.
37 - Tasadduq R, Gordon J, Al-Ghanim KA. et.al. Ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis enhances osteoblast differentiation and mineralization of murine pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2017, 2(2):540–547.
38 - Toor RH, Malik S, Qamar H, Batool F, Tariq M. et.al. Osteogenic potential of hexane and dichloromethane fraction of Cissus quadrangularis on murine preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 (subclone 4). Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 2(4):282-296.
39 - Toor RH, Tasadduq R, Adhikari A. et.al. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fraction of Cissus quadrangularis promotes the mineralization potential of murine pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 (sub-clone 4). Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 2(3):130–134.
40 - Muthusami S, Senthilkumar K, Vignesh C, Ilangovan R. et.al. Effects of Cissus quadrangularis on the proliferation, differentiation, and matrix mineralization of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemical, 2011, 1(2):135-145.
41 - Singh V, Singh N, Pal US, Dhasmana S. et.al. Clinical evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis and Moringa oleifera and osteosis as osteogenic agents in mandibular fracture. National Journal Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011, 2(1):132-136.
42 - Brahmkshatriya HR, Shah KA, Ananthkumar GB. et.al. Clinical evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis as osteogenic agent in maxillofacial fracture: A pilot study. Journal of Ayurvedics, 2015, 3(6):169-173.
43 - Panthong A, Supraditaporn W, Kanjanapothi D. et.al. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and venotonic effects of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007, 1(2): 264-270.
44 - Shadmani A, Rizwani GH, Ahmed M. et.al. Potential anti-inflammatory effect of Cissus quadrangularis L. and Lepedium sativum L. along with their combination extracts. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2018, 3(1):219–229.
45 - Srisook K, Palachot M, Mongkol N, Srisook E, Sarapusit S. Anti-inflammatory effect of ethyl acetate extract from Cissus quadrangularis Linn may be involved with induction of heme oxygenase-1 and suppression of NF-κB activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011, 1(3): 1008-1014.
46 - Bhujade AM, Talmale S, Kumar N, Gupta G. et.al. Evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis extracts as an inhibitor of COX, 5-LOX, and proinflammatory mediators. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2012, 1(3):989-996.
47 - Jainu M, Devi CSS. et.al. Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: A possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapeutics, 2005, 5(2):33-42.
48 - Kanwar JR, Samarasinghe RM, Kumar K. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis inhibits IL-1β induced inflammatory responses on chondrocytes and alleviates bone deterioration in osteotomized rats via p38 MAPK signaling. Drug Design Derivative Theory, 2015, 9(1):227-240.
49 - Kumar R, Gupta YK, Singh S, Arunraja S. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis attenuates the adjuvant induced arthritis by down regulating proinflammatory cytokine and inhibiting angiogenesis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015, 1(5):346-355.
50 - Lekshmi RK, Rajesh R, Mini S. Ethyl acetate fraction of Cissus quadrangularis stem ameliorates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress and suppresses inflammatory response in nicotinamide/streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. International Journal of Phototherapeutics Phytopharmacology, 2015, 2(2):952-960.
51 - Lekshmi RK, Divya BT, Mini S. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis extract attenuates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Redox report: Communications in Free Radical Research, 2014; 1(9):214-220.
52 - Swamy AH, Kulkarni RV, Koti Bcissus et.al. Hepatoprotective Effect of Cissus quadrangularis Stem Extract Against Rifampicin-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Indian Journal Pharmaceutical Science, 2012, 7(4):183-187.
53 - Chidambaram J, Venkatraman CA. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis stem alleviates insulin and chemical toxicology: an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2010, 4(8):221–229.
54 - Jainu M, Devi CSS. et.al. Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: a possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapeutics, 2005, 5(2):33-42.
55 - Dontharaboina Sneha. et.al. Systemic review of Pithecellobium dulce journal For Innovative Development in Pharmaceutical and Technical Science, 2019, 3(5):1-4.
56 - Jacob Vincent1 , N. Chandra Lekha. et.al. A review on medicinal role of jangal jalebi International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2019, 45(2):3-6.
57 – Orwa. et.al. Pithecellobium dulce, Agroforestry Database 4.0,2009.
58 - Vamshi Sharathnath Kaveti et.al. Systemic review of Pithecellobium dulce journal For Innovative Development in Pharmaceutical and Technical Science, 2018, 2(2):1-9.
59 - Sawasdipuksa N, Zhentian Lei, Sumner LW, Niyomploy P, Sangvanich Pithecellobium et.al. A Lysozyme with Antifungal Activity from Pithecellobium dulce seeds. Food Technology Biotechnology, 2011, 9(4):489-494.
60 - Samina Kabir Khan Zada et.al. Phytochemical studies on Pithecellobium Dulce Benth, a medicinal plant of Sindh, Pakistan. Pak. Journal of Biology, 2013, 5(2):557-561.
61 - Vemekar, J.V., M.S. Ghatge and V.V. Deshpande. Alkaline protease inhibitor a novel class of antifungal proteins against phytopathogen fungi. Biochemical Bio physiology Research Communication, 1999, 6(2):702-707.
62 - Bhargva P Krishna, Gupta M B, Chittranjan Dr. et.al. Anti-inflammatory activity of Saponins and other Natural Products. Indian Journal of Medicinal Research, 2019, 5(8):72-84.
63 - Shanmugakumaran S D, Amerjothy S, Balakrishna K, Vasantha kumar M.S. et.al. Antimycobacterial properties of leaf extracts of Pithecellobium dulce Benth. Indian Drugs, 2019, 2(6):392-395.
64 - Shanmugakumaran S D, Amerjothy S, Balakrishna K. et.al. Pharmacognostical, Antibacterial and Antifungal Potentials of the Leaf extracts of Pithecellobium dulceBenth. Pharmacological Magazine, 2018, 7(2):163-167.
65 - Arul Selvan S, Muthukumaran Pithecellobium et.al. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Leaf extract of Pithecellobium dulce Benth. International Journal of Pharm-Tech Research, 2019, 3(1):337-341.
66 - Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R, Rajeswary M, Yogalakshmi K. et.al. Adulticidal activity of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. against culex quinquefasciatus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2019, 5(2):124-128.
2 - Taichman RS et.al. Blood and bone: Two tissues whose fates are intertwined to create the hematopoietic stem cell niche. International Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, 2005; 10(5):261-269.
3 - Clarke B et.al. Normal Bone Anatomy and Physiology. Clinical Journal of Social Nephrol, 2008; 3(3):131-139.
4 - Seeman E. et.al. Age and menopause-related bone loss compromise cortical and trabecular microstructure. Journal of Gerontol A Biological Science Medicine, 2013; 6(1):121-125.
5 - Currey JD. et.al. The many adaptations of Bone. Journal of Biomechanism, 2003; 3(2):148-165.
6 - Martin RM and Correa PHS. Bone quality and osteoporosis therapy. Review Associated Medicinal Branches, 2010; 5(2):186-199.
7 - Nordin M and Frankel VH. Basic biomechanics of the musculoskeletal system. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins, 2012; 3(1):98-113.
8 - Huiskes R. et.al. If bone is the answer, then what is the question? Journal of Anatomy, 2018; 7(2):145-156.
9 - Crockett JC, Rogers MJ, Coxon FP, Hocking LJ. et.al. Bone remodelling at a glance. Journal Cell Science, 2011; 1(4):91-128.
10 - Karsenty G, Kronenburg HM, Settembre Cissus et.al. Genetic control of Bone Formation. Annual Review Cell Division Biochemical, 2009; 2(5):29-48.
11 - Singh A, Mehdi AA, Srivastava RN. et.al. Immunoregulation of bone remodelling. International Journal of Critical Injective Science, 2012; 2(2):75-81.
12 - Lu XL, Huo B, Chiang V, Guo XE. et.al. Osteocytic network is more responsive in calcium signaling than osteoblastic network under fluid flow. Journal of Bone Miner Response, 2012; 2(3):563-574.
13 - Stern AR and Nicolella Dpithecellobium Measurement and Estimation of Osteocyte mechanical strain. Bone Physiology and Research, 2013; 5(2):191-195.
14 - Bonewald LF. et.al. Mechanosensation and Transduction in Osteocytes. Bonekey Osteovision, 2006; 3(1):7-15.
15 - Martin RM and Correa PHS. et.al. Bone Quality and Osteoporosis Therapy. Reverse Assocociates Medicinals Branches, 2010; 4(2):86-99.
16 - Fukumoto S, Martin TJ. et.al. Bone as an Endocrine Organ. Trends Endocrinol Metabolism, 2009; 20(5):2-6.
17 - Lindsay R. et.al. Hormones and Bone Health in Postmenopausal Women. Endocrine Basic Journal, 2004; 2(3):23-30.
18 - Fuqua JS, Rogol AD. et.al. Neuroendocrine Alterations in the Exercising Human: Implications for Energy Homeostasis. Metabolism Research, 2013; 1(3):11-21.
19 - Sapir-Koren R, Livshits G. et.al. Bone Mineralization and Regulation of Phosphate Homeostasis. IBMS Bone Key, 2011; 8(6):286-300.
20 - Partha Pradip Adhikar et.al. History of Indian Traditional Medicine: A Medical Inheritance. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research, 2018; 11(1):421-426.
21 - Matthew N. O. Sadiku, Tolulope J. Ashaolu, S. R. et.al. Traditional Indian Medicine. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development, 2019; 3(2):321-322.
22 - Monokesh Kumer Sen, Biplab Kumar Dash et.al. A review on phytochemical and pharmacological aspects of Cissus quadrangularis L. International Journal of Green Pharmacy, 2012; 6(3):169-173.
23 - Ayesha Siddiqua and Sirisha Mittapally et.al. A review on Cissus quadrangularis. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2017; 6(7):329-334.
24 - Sadiya Zaki , R Malath , V Latha et.al. A review on efficacy of Cissus quadrangularis in pharmacological mechanisms. International Journal of Clinical microbiology and Biochemical technology, 2021; 3(1):49-53.
25 - High Demand for Medicinal Plants in India. Available online: https://www.ibef.org/blogs/high-demand-for-medicinal-plants-in-india.
26 - Cissus quadrangularis. Available online: cissus quadrangularis - Wikipedia.
27 - Robert, Qing-feng, Yong W. et.al. A Taxonomic Investigation of Variation within Cissus quadrangularis L. Wuhan University Journal National Science, 2001, 6(1):715-724.
28 - Plant Details-Information about Cissus quadrangularis Plant. Available online: https://www.efloraofgandhinagar.in/ succulents/cissus-quadrangularis.
29 - Joseph, George J. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. World Journal of Pharmacological Research, 2013, 2(1):596-605.
30 - Prabhavathi, Prasad R.M. et.al. Studies on Qualitative and Quantitative Phytochemical Analysis of Cissus Quadrangularis. Advanced Application Science Research, 2016, 7(1):11–17.
31 - Enechi, Odonwodo I. et.al. An Assessment of the Phytochemical and Nutrient Composition of the Pulverized Root of Cissus Quadrangularis. Bio-Research, 2003, 1(2):63-68.
32 - Guerra JM, Hanes MA et al. Modulation of bone turnover by Cissus quadrangularis after ovariectomy in rats. Journal of Bone Mineral Metabolism, 2019, 3(7):780-795.
33 - Potu BK, Nampurath GK, Rao MS. et.al. Effect of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on the development of osteopenia induced by ovariectomy in rats. La Clinical therapeutic, 2011, 2(1)307-312.
34 - Potu BK, Rao MS, Nampurath GK, Chamallamudi MR. et al. Evidence-based assessment of antiosteoporosis activity of petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis. Upsala Journal of Medicinal Science, 2009, 11(4):140-148.
35 - Potu BK, Rao MS, Kutty NG, Bhat KM, Chamallamudi MR. et al. Petroleum ether extract of Cissus quadrangularis (Linn.) stimulates the growth of fetal bone during intra uterine developmental period: a morphometric analysis. Clinics Methodology, 2008, 6(3):815-820.
36 - Shirwaikar A, Khan S, Malini S. et.al. Antiosteoporotic effect of ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. on ovariectomized rat. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2003, 8(9):245-250.
37 - Tasadduq R, Gordon J, Al-Ghanim KA. et.al. Ethanol extract of Cissus quadrangularis enhances osteoblast differentiation and mineralization of murine pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells. Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2017, 2(2):540–547.
38 - Toor RH, Malik S, Qamar H, Batool F, Tariq M. et.al. Osteogenic potential of hexane and dichloromethane fraction of Cissus quadrangularis on murine preosteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 (subclone 4). Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 2(4):282-296.
39 - Toor RH, Tasadduq R, Adhikari A. et.al. Ethyl acetate and n-butanol fraction of Cissus quadrangularis promotes the mineralization potential of murine pre-osteoblast cell line MC3T3-E1 (sub-clone 4). Journal of Cellular Physiology, 2019, 2(3):130–134.
40 - Muthusami S, Senthilkumar K, Vignesh C, Ilangovan R. et.al. Effects of Cissus quadrangularis on the proliferation, differentiation, and matrix mineralization of human osteoblast like SaOS-2 cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemical, 2011, 1(2):135-145.
41 - Singh V, Singh N, Pal US, Dhasmana S. et.al. Clinical evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis and Moringa oleifera and osteosis as osteogenic agents in mandibular fracture. National Journal Maxillofacial Surgery, 2011, 2(1):132-136.
42 - Brahmkshatriya HR, Shah KA, Ananthkumar GB. et.al. Clinical evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis as osteogenic agent in maxillofacial fracture: A pilot study. Journal of Ayurvedics, 2015, 3(6):169-173.
43 - Panthong A, Supraditaporn W, Kanjanapothi D. et.al. Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and venotonic effects of Cissus quadrangularis Linn. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2007, 1(2): 264-270.
44 - Shadmani A, Rizwani GH, Ahmed M. et.al. Potential anti-inflammatory effect of Cissus quadrangularis L. and Lepedium sativum L. along with their combination extracts. Pakistan Journal of Pharmaceutical Science, 2018, 3(1):219–229.
45 - Srisook K, Palachot M, Mongkol N, Srisook E, Sarapusit S. Anti-inflammatory effect of ethyl acetate extract from Cissus quadrangularis Linn may be involved with induction of heme oxygenase-1 and suppression of NF-κB activation. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2011, 1(3): 1008-1014.
46 - Bhujade AM, Talmale S, Kumar N, Gupta G. et.al. Evaluation of Cissus quadrangularis extracts as an inhibitor of COX, 5-LOX, and proinflammatory mediators. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2012, 1(3):989-996.
47 - Jainu M, Devi CSS. et.al. Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: A possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapeutics, 2005, 5(2):33-42.
48 - Kanwar JR, Samarasinghe RM, Kumar K. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis inhibits IL-1β induced inflammatory responses on chondrocytes and alleviates bone deterioration in osteotomized rats via p38 MAPK signaling. Drug Design Derivative Theory, 2015, 9(1):227-240.
49 - Kumar R, Gupta YK, Singh S, Arunraja S. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis attenuates the adjuvant induced arthritis by down regulating proinflammatory cytokine and inhibiting angiogenesis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2015, 1(5):346-355.
50 - Lekshmi RK, Rajesh R, Mini S. Ethyl acetate fraction of Cissus quadrangularis stem ameliorates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress and suppresses inflammatory response in nicotinamide/streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic rats. International Journal of Phototherapeutics Phytopharmacology, 2015, 2(2):952-960.
51 - Lekshmi RK, Divya BT, Mini S. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis extract attenuates hyperglycaemia-mediated oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Redox report: Communications in Free Radical Research, 2014; 1(9):214-220.
52 - Swamy AH, Kulkarni RV, Koti Bcissus et.al. Hepatoprotective Effect of Cissus quadrangularis Stem Extract Against Rifampicin-induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats. Indian Journal Pharmaceutical Science, 2012, 7(4):183-187.
53 - Chidambaram J, Venkatraman CA. et.al. Cissus quadrangularis stem alleviates insulin and chemical toxicology: an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association, 2010, 4(8):221–229.
54 - Jainu M, Devi CSS. et.al. Attenuation of neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines by Cissus quadrangularis: a possible prevention against gastric ulcerogenesis. Journal of Herbal Pharmacotherapeutics, 2005, 5(2):33-42.
55 - Dontharaboina Sneha. et.al. Systemic review of Pithecellobium dulce journal For Innovative Development in Pharmaceutical and Technical Science, 2019, 3(5):1-4.
56 - Jacob Vincent1 , N. Chandra Lekha. et.al. A review on medicinal role of jangal jalebi International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology, 2019, 45(2):3-6.
57 – Orwa. et.al. Pithecellobium dulce, Agroforestry Database 4.0,2009.
58 - Vamshi Sharathnath Kaveti et.al. Systemic review of Pithecellobium dulce journal For Innovative Development in Pharmaceutical and Technical Science, 2018, 2(2):1-9.
59 - Sawasdipuksa N, Zhentian Lei, Sumner LW, Niyomploy P, Sangvanich Pithecellobium et.al. A Lysozyme with Antifungal Activity from Pithecellobium dulce seeds. Food Technology Biotechnology, 2011, 9(4):489-494.
60 - Samina Kabir Khan Zada et.al. Phytochemical studies on Pithecellobium Dulce Benth, a medicinal plant of Sindh, Pakistan. Pak. Journal of Biology, 2013, 5(2):557-561.
61 - Vemekar, J.V., M.S. Ghatge and V.V. Deshpande. Alkaline protease inhibitor a novel class of antifungal proteins against phytopathogen fungi. Biochemical Bio physiology Research Communication, 1999, 6(2):702-707.
62 - Bhargva P Krishna, Gupta M B, Chittranjan Dr. et.al. Anti-inflammatory activity of Saponins and other Natural Products. Indian Journal of Medicinal Research, 2019, 5(8):72-84.
63 - Shanmugakumaran S D, Amerjothy S, Balakrishna K, Vasantha kumar M.S. et.al. Antimycobacterial properties of leaf extracts of Pithecellobium dulce Benth. Indian Drugs, 2019, 2(6):392-395.
64 - Shanmugakumaran S D, Amerjothy S, Balakrishna K. et.al. Pharmacognostical, Antibacterial and Antifungal Potentials of the Leaf extracts of Pithecellobium dulceBenth. Pharmacological Magazine, 2018, 7(2):163-167.
65 - Arul Selvan S, Muthukumaran Pithecellobium et.al. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Leaf extract of Pithecellobium dulce Benth. International Journal of Pharm-Tech Research, 2019, 3(1):337-341.
66 - Govindarajan M, Sivakumar R, Rajeswary M, Yogalakshmi K. et.al. Adulticidal activity of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. against culex quinquefasciatus. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease, 2019, 5(2):124-128.
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Dec 11, 2024
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Solanki Vishal, Kuntupalli Sandhya Rani, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). “A REVIEW ON UNEVELING THE MIRACLE MEDICINAL BENEFITS FOR MAINTAINING HEALTHY BONES FROM CISSUS QUANDRANULARIS AND PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE”. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 975-985. https://doi.org/10.53555/3nzjgm04
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Author Biographies
Solanki Vishal
Student, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad.
Kuntupalli Sandhya Rani
Assistant Professor, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
Dr. Pragnesh Patani
Principal and Professor, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
How to Cite
Solanki Vishal, Kuntupalli Sandhya Rani, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). “A REVIEW ON UNEVELING THE MIRACLE MEDICINAL BENEFITS FOR MAINTAINING HEALTHY BONES FROM CISSUS QUANDRANULARIS AND PITHECELLOBIUM DULCE”. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 975-985. https://doi.org/10.53555/3nzjgm04