COMBATING SUN DAMAGE: HEMIDESMUS INDICUS AND SANDALWOOD ALBUM FOR TAN REMOVAL ACTIVITY: A REVIEW
Main Article Content
Keywords
Anantmool, sariva, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, Ayurveda
Abstract
Medicinal herbs are frequently employed, either as a single medicine or in combination in the health-care delivery system. Hemidesmus indicus R.Br, also known as 'Anantmul' in Marathi, 'Sariva' in Sanskrit, and 'Indian sarsaparilla' in English, is a semi-erect shrub from the Asclepiadaceae family.[3] It is widely disseminated across India.It contains a variety of phytoconstituents including glycosides, flavonoids, tannins, sterols, and volatile oils.[3] Hemidesmus indicus contains various phytochemicals which are used in allopathic and unani It has traditionally been used to treat skin ailments, dysentery, diarrhoea, syphilis, dyspepsia, leucoderma, and burning sensations.[5] Hemidesmus indicus is one of the most valuable multipurpose plants in nature.[5] Plant roots and leaves are employed in the Ayurvedic medical system. These plants possess bacteriostatic, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-biotic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial properties.[5] Hemidesmus indicus contains the following compounds: pragnane glycoside, coumarinolignoids, B amyrin acetate, A amyrin, lupeol acetate, B sitosterol, hexadecenoic acid, hexatriacontane, lupeoloctasonate, etc.[8] Hemidesmus indicus has properties such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-acne, anti-pyretic, anti-arthritic, antipsychotic, anti-diarrheal, wound healing, anti-ulcer, anti-venom, anti-hyperlipaedaemic, anti-microbial, and anti-carcinogenic.[8] Santalum album is also known as Eastern Indian Sandalwood, Shrigandha, sandalwood, and Chandana.[4] Sandalwood is also used in timber.[4] this plant is noted for its distinct aroma; it is also regarded sacred, and its significance and application are described in the Vedas, Puranas, Buddhism, Epics, and Scriptures.[4] The plant is utilized in improvement, anti-poison, and blood purifier.[4] Sandalwood qualities include expectorant, diuretic, astringent, stimulant, cooling, and sedative agent, as well as pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, and cardioprotective.[4]
References
1. Sajiya Anjum A Sheikh, Mayuri N Deshmukh, Vaibhav P Uplanchiwar, Vinod M Thakare and Nisha L Gaikwad “Formulation & evaluation of herbal soap for tanning removal & skin smoothening” International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Analysis 2023, 3(1),104-108.
2. Kawlni L, Bora M, Upadhyay SN, Mukherjee K, Hazra J. “Pharmacological and therapeutic profile of anantamula (hemidesmus indicus (l.) R. Br.): a comprehensive review.” International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research. 2017, 5(11),49-57.
3. Pansare T.A. , Khandekar S.B. , and Satpudke S.S “Ayurvedic And Modern Aspects of Sariva (Hemidesmus Indicus R. Br): An Overview” International Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 2018, 3133–3143.
4. Shailja Choudhary, Gitika Chaudhary “SANDALWOOD (SANTALUM ALBUM): ANCIENT TREE WITH SIGNIFICANT MEDICINAL BENEFITS” International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research 2021, 9(4),90-99.
5. Dr. Prasanna Purohit “HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R.BR. (ANANTAMOOL) AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT” World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2019,451-459.
6. Wendy Weissner, “Anantamul (Hemidesmus indicus) A Review of Biomedical Studies and U.S. Products” Ayurveda Journal of Health 2014,40-52.
7. Thejovathi B, “AN EVALUATION INVITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HEMEDESMUS INDICUS ROOT EXTRACT BY DPPH METHOD” Anveshana’s International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Life Sciences 2023,8(3),109-116.
8. Dias Wilfred, Rathore Renu “Therapeutic Effects of Hemidesmus indicus- An Overview” Chemistry Research Journal, 2022,7(1),34-38.
9. Kadudula Prasuna and Yalavarthy Prameela Devi “Evaluation of antioxidant activity of the root and leaf extracts of Hemidesmus indicus” AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY & LIFE SCIENCES 2017,5(1),123-126.
10. Biswapriya B. Misra, Satyahari Dey “Evaluation of in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials of a-santalol and sandalwood oil” International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology 2013,409–416.
11. Harish Moorthy and Vijay Kumar “HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R. BR.: AN OVERVIEW” Plant Archives 2021,21( 1), 2132-2143.
12. Upul Subasinghe, Manuri Gamage and D.S. Hettiarachchi “Essential oil content and composition of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album) in Sri Lanka” Journal of Forestry Research 2013,24(1),127−130.
13. NAGAT M., EHMADI BARKA, REENA LAWRENCE and MARIYA SAANI “PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM HEMIDESMUS INDICUS” International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 2016,8(2),24-27.
14. Sandeep C. & Manohara T.N. “Sandalwood in India: Historical and cultural significance of Santalum album L. as a basis for its conservation” An International Journal of Environment and Biodiversity 2020,10(4),235-242.
15. Dr. Bhupendra K. Dorkar “REVIEW ON BOTANICAL AND MEDICINAL ASPECTS OF HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R.BR.” International Research Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2021,8(4),1-6.
16. Chayan Adhikari, Devanand, Tinku Kumar and Amit Jugnu Bishwas “Review on Ethno-medicinal Plants Used for Healing Skin Ailments in Madhya Pradesh” Indian Journal of Ecology 2021,48(3),709-715.
17. A. N. Arun Kumar, Geeta Joshi and H. Y. Mohan Ram “Sandalwood: history, uses, present status and the future” Journal of Current Science 2012,103(12),1408-1416.
18. Sneha P Dandekar, Dr. Nibha D Bajpai, Dr.Satish N. Sakharwade “A Multifunctional Hemidesmus Indicus As Cosmetic Agent: A Review Article” International Journal of Scientific Development and Research 2018,3(10),62-69.
19. Vandana Aneja, Ashish Suthar , Sonika Verma and Satyan Kalkunte “Phcog Rev. : Plant Review Phyto-pharmacology of Hemidesmus indicus” Pharmacognosy Reviews 2008,2(3),143-150.
20. Astha Kotnala, Kajal Verma, Anjali Sharma, Shweta Parashar, Brijesh Rathi,Rajiv Kumar, B.S. Chhikara, Jyoti Singh “Indian Medicinal Plants for skin care and cosmeceuticals: A review” Journal of Biomedical & Therapeutic Sciences 2019, 6(2), 24‐60.
21. Solanki R. “Treatment of skin diseases through medicinal plants in different regions of the world” International Journal of Biomedical Research. 2011,2(1),73-88.
22. Sethi A, Srivastav SS, Srivastav S. “Pregnane glycoside from Hemidesmus indicus.” Indian Journal of Heterocycl Chem. 2006,16,191-192.
23. Kandasamy R. “Formulation of Herbal Bath Soap from Vitex negundo Leaf Extract” Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2014,2,95-99.
24. Getradeghana BT. “Evaluation of African traditional soap” Global Journal of Pure and Applied Science. 2000,6,174-179.
25. Shalini R., and Rajan S “Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Hemidesmusindicus root” International Journal of Pharm PharmSci, 2015,7(3),403-406.
26. Korrapati V., et al. “Anti-ulcer activity of Hemidesmusindicus root extract on Indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in albino Wistar rats” Journal of Pharmacy Research 2011,4(2),391-392.
27. Kumar G., et al.”Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria” Trop Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2007,6(2),717-723.
28. Ratha M., et al. “A. Screening of phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Hemidesmusindicus (L.) and Vetiveriazizanoides (L.)” Euro. J. Exp. Bio. 2012,2(2),363-368.
29. Gayathri M., and Kannabiran K. “Antimicrobial activity of Hemidesmusindicus, Ficusbengalensis and Pterocarpus marsupium roxb.” Indian Journal of Pharm Sci. 2009, 71(5),578–581.
30. Satheesh K.D., et al. “In-vitro antioxidant activities, total phenolics and flavonoid contents of whole plant of Hemidesmusindicus (linn.)” Asian Journal of Pharmacy Clinical Research. 2013,6(2),249-251.
31. Lakshman K., et al. “Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Hemidesmusindicus root extract” African Journal of Traditional complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006,3(1),90-94.
32. Austin A., “A review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmusindicus (L.) R. Br.” Journal of Biol Sci. 2008,8(1),1-12.
33. Sethi A., et al., “Pregnane glycoside from Hemidesmus indicus.” Indian J Heterocycl Chem. 2006,16,191- 192.
34. Kumar, A.N.A.; Joshi, G.; Ram, H.Y.M. “Sandalwood: History, uses, present status and the future.” Curr. Sci. 2012,103,1408–1416.
35. Austin, A. “A review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.” Journal of Biological Sciences. J. Biol. Sci. 2008,8 (1),1-12.
36. Ayyanar, M.; Ignacimuthu, S. “Traditional knowledge of Kanitribals in Kouthalai of Tirunelveli hills, Tamil Nadu” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2005,102,246– 255.
37. Chakraborty, M.K.; Bhattacharjee, A. “Ethno-medicinal uses and screening of plants for antibacterial activity from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India.” Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 2006,5(4),554-558.
38. Chatterjee, R.C.; Bhattacharya, B.K. “A note on the isolation of β-sitosterol from Hemidesmus indicus.” Journal of Indian Chem. Soc. 1995,32,485-486.
39. Das, S.; Dash, S.K.; Padhy, S.N. “Ethno-medicinal Informations from Orissa State, India, A Review” Journal of Human Ecology, 2003,14(3),165-227.
40. Dash, S.K.; Padhy, S. & Sachidananda Padhy “Review on Ethnomedicines for Diarrhoea Diseases from Orissa: Prevalence Versus Culture” Journal of Human Ecology 2006,20(1),59-64.
41. Dhanalakshmi, R.; Afrin, J.A.; Akila, M.; Alnoora, F.; Dharani, R.; Parveen, S.I.“Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antacid activity of Hemidesmus indicus leaves extract by modified artificial stomach model” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2018,7(4),2546-2550.
42. Sharma PK, Dhyani SK, Shankar V. “Some useful and medicinal plants of the district Dehradun and Siwalik” Journal of Sci Res Plant Med 1979,1,17-43.
43. Sultana S, Khan N, Sharma S. Alain A. “Modulation of biochemical parameters by Hemidesmus indicus in cumene hydroperoxide induced murine skin: possible role in protection against free radicals-induced cutaneous oxidative stress and tumor promotion” Journal of Ethnopharmacol 2003,85,33-41.
44. Chatterjee RC, Bhattacharya BK. “A note on the isolation of (- sitoserol from Hemidesmusindicus” Journal of Indian Chem Soc 1955,32,485.
45. Baheti JR, Loyal RK, Shah GB “Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidesmusindicus R. Br. in rats” Indian Journal Exp Biol 2006.44,399-402.
46. Babita, M., Chakraborthy, S., Sandhya, M.C. and Viswanath, S. “Sandalwood farming in India: Problems and prospects” Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity 2016,26(1),1-12.
47. Fischer, C. E. C. “The original home of Santalum album L.” Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 1928,7,12-13.
48. Rama Rao, M. “Root parasitism of sandal trees. Indian Forester 1903,29,386-389.
49. Ramaswamy, M.N. “Essential oil reserves of Mysore” Indian Forester 1956,82,127-129.
50. Andreia Araujo Morandim, Massuo Jorge Kato, Alberto Jose Cavalheiro and Maysa Furlan “Intraspecific variability of dihydrochalcone, chromenes and benzoic acid derivatives in leaves of Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae)” African Journal of Biotechnology 2009,8(10),2157-2162.
51. Anita Murali, Purnima Ashok, V. Madhavan “Effect of Leaf of Hemidesmus Indicus (L.) R. Br. Var. Pubescens (W. & A.) Hk.F. (Periplocaceae) - An In Vitro Analysis : A Research” International Journal of Drug Formulation & Research 2010,1(2),162-175.
52. Dipjyoti Chakraborty, Debabrata Sircar, Adinpunya Mitra “Phenylalaine ammonia-lyase-mediated biosynthesis of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde in roots of Hemidesmus indicus” Journal of Plant Physiology 2008,1033-1040.
53. N. Sharma, A. Verma, P. FNU, P. Kempaiah, B. Rathi “Chemical libraries targeting Liver Stage Malarial infection Chem. Biol. Lett.” 2019,6(1),14–22.
54. B.S. Chhikara, N. St. Jean, D. Mandal, A. Kumar, K. Parang “Fatty acyl amide derivatives of doxorubicin: Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activities” Eur. Journal. Med. Chem. 2011, 46(6), 2037–2042.
55. Saikia AP, Ryakala VK, Sharma P, Goswami P, Bora U. “Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by Assamese people for various skin ailments and cosmetics.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2006,106(2),149-157.
56. Mahalingam G, Krishnan K. “Hypoglycemic activity of Hemidesmus indicus on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.” Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2008,28(1),6-10.
57. Kumar GS, Jayaveera KN, Kumar Ashok CK, et al. “Evaluation of antioxidant and antiacne properties of terpenoidal fraction of Hemidesmus indicus (Indian sarsaparilla).” The Internet Journal of Aesthetic and Antiaging Medicine 2008,1 (1).
2. Kawlni L, Bora M, Upadhyay SN, Mukherjee K, Hazra J. “Pharmacological and therapeutic profile of anantamula (hemidesmus indicus (l.) R. Br.): a comprehensive review.” International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research. 2017, 5(11),49-57.
3. Pansare T.A. , Khandekar S.B. , and Satpudke S.S “Ayurvedic And Modern Aspects of Sariva (Hemidesmus Indicus R. Br): An Overview” International Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine 2018, 3133–3143.
4. Shailja Choudhary, Gitika Chaudhary “SANDALWOOD (SANTALUM ALBUM): ANCIENT TREE WITH SIGNIFICANT MEDICINAL BENEFITS” International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research 2021, 9(4),90-99.
5. Dr. Prasanna Purohit “HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R.BR. (ANANTAMOOL) AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL PLANT” World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2019,451-459.
6. Wendy Weissner, “Anantamul (Hemidesmus indicus) A Review of Biomedical Studies and U.S. Products” Ayurveda Journal of Health 2014,40-52.
7. Thejovathi B, “AN EVALUATION INVITRO ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF HEMEDESMUS INDICUS ROOT EXTRACT BY DPPH METHOD” Anveshana’s International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Life Sciences 2023,8(3),109-116.
8. Dias Wilfred, Rathore Renu “Therapeutic Effects of Hemidesmus indicus- An Overview” Chemistry Research Journal, 2022,7(1),34-38.
9. Kadudula Prasuna and Yalavarthy Prameela Devi “Evaluation of antioxidant activity of the root and leaf extracts of Hemidesmus indicus” AN INTERNATIONAL QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY & LIFE SCIENCES 2017,5(1),123-126.
10. Biswapriya B. Misra, Satyahari Dey “Evaluation of in vivo anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant potentials of a-santalol and sandalwood oil” International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology 2013,409–416.
11. Harish Moorthy and Vijay Kumar “HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R. BR.: AN OVERVIEW” Plant Archives 2021,21( 1), 2132-2143.
12. Upul Subasinghe, Manuri Gamage and D.S. Hettiarachchi “Essential oil content and composition of Indian sandalwood (Santalum album) in Sri Lanka” Journal of Forestry Research 2013,24(1),127−130.
13. NAGAT M., EHMADI BARKA, REENA LAWRENCE and MARIYA SAANI “PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF ACTIVE COMPOUNDS FROM HEMIDESMUS INDICUS” International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Research 2016,8(2),24-27.
14. Sandeep C. & Manohara T.N. “Sandalwood in India: Historical and cultural significance of Santalum album L. as a basis for its conservation” An International Journal of Environment and Biodiversity 2020,10(4),235-242.
15. Dr. Bhupendra K. Dorkar “REVIEW ON BOTANICAL AND MEDICINAL ASPECTS OF HEMIDESMUS INDICUS (L.) R.BR.” International Research Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences 2021,8(4),1-6.
16. Chayan Adhikari, Devanand, Tinku Kumar and Amit Jugnu Bishwas “Review on Ethno-medicinal Plants Used for Healing Skin Ailments in Madhya Pradesh” Indian Journal of Ecology 2021,48(3),709-715.
17. A. N. Arun Kumar, Geeta Joshi and H. Y. Mohan Ram “Sandalwood: history, uses, present status and the future” Journal of Current Science 2012,103(12),1408-1416.
18. Sneha P Dandekar, Dr. Nibha D Bajpai, Dr.Satish N. Sakharwade “A Multifunctional Hemidesmus Indicus As Cosmetic Agent: A Review Article” International Journal of Scientific Development and Research 2018,3(10),62-69.
19. Vandana Aneja, Ashish Suthar , Sonika Verma and Satyan Kalkunte “Phcog Rev. : Plant Review Phyto-pharmacology of Hemidesmus indicus” Pharmacognosy Reviews 2008,2(3),143-150.
20. Astha Kotnala, Kajal Verma, Anjali Sharma, Shweta Parashar, Brijesh Rathi,Rajiv Kumar, B.S. Chhikara, Jyoti Singh “Indian Medicinal Plants for skin care and cosmeceuticals: A review” Journal of Biomedical & Therapeutic Sciences 2019, 6(2), 24‐60.
21. Solanki R. “Treatment of skin diseases through medicinal plants in different regions of the world” International Journal of Biomedical Research. 2011,2(1),73-88.
22. Sethi A, Srivastav SS, Srivastav S. “Pregnane glycoside from Hemidesmus indicus.” Indian Journal of Heterocycl Chem. 2006,16,191-192.
23. Kandasamy R. “Formulation of Herbal Bath Soap from Vitex negundo Leaf Extract” Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 2014,2,95-99.
24. Getradeghana BT. “Evaluation of African traditional soap” Global Journal of Pure and Applied Science. 2000,6,174-179.
25. Shalini R., and Rajan S “Antidiarrhoeal activity of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Hemidesmusindicus root” International Journal of Pharm PharmSci, 2015,7(3),403-406.
26. Korrapati V., et al. “Anti-ulcer activity of Hemidesmusindicus root extract on Indomethacin induced gastric ulcer in albino Wistar rats” Journal of Pharmacy Research 2011,4(2),391-392.
27. Kumar G., et al.”Antimicrobial effects of Indian medicinal plants against acne-inducing bacteria” Trop Journal of Pharmacy Research, 2007,6(2),717-723.
28. Ratha M., et al. “A. Screening of phytochemical and antibacterial activity of Hemidesmusindicus (L.) and Vetiveriazizanoides (L.)” Euro. J. Exp. Bio. 2012,2(2),363-368.
29. Gayathri M., and Kannabiran K. “Antimicrobial activity of Hemidesmusindicus, Ficusbengalensis and Pterocarpus marsupium roxb.” Indian Journal of Pharm Sci. 2009, 71(5),578–581.
30. Satheesh K.D., et al. “In-vitro antioxidant activities, total phenolics and flavonoid contents of whole plant of Hemidesmusindicus (linn.)” Asian Journal of Pharmacy Clinical Research. 2013,6(2),249-251.
31. Lakshman K., et al. “Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of Hemidesmusindicus root extract” African Journal of Traditional complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2006,3(1),90-94.
32. Austin A., “A review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmusindicus (L.) R. Br.” Journal of Biol Sci. 2008,8(1),1-12.
33. Sethi A., et al., “Pregnane glycoside from Hemidesmus indicus.” Indian J Heterocycl Chem. 2006,16,191- 192.
34. Kumar, A.N.A.; Joshi, G.; Ram, H.Y.M. “Sandalwood: History, uses, present status and the future.” Curr. Sci. 2012,103,1408–1416.
35. Austin, A. “A review on Indian Sarsaparilla, Hemidesmus indicus (L.) R. Br.” Journal of Biological Sciences. J. Biol. Sci. 2008,8 (1),1-12.
36. Ayyanar, M.; Ignacimuthu, S. “Traditional knowledge of Kanitribals in Kouthalai of Tirunelveli hills, Tamil Nadu” Journal of Ethnopharmacology 2005,102,246– 255.
37. Chakraborty, M.K.; Bhattacharjee, A. “Ethno-medicinal uses and screening of plants for antibacterial activity from Similipal Biosphere Reserve, Odisha, India.” Indian Journal of Traditional Knowledge 2006,5(4),554-558.
38. Chatterjee, R.C.; Bhattacharya, B.K. “A note on the isolation of β-sitosterol from Hemidesmus indicus.” Journal of Indian Chem. Soc. 1995,32,485-486.
39. Das, S.; Dash, S.K.; Padhy, S.N. “Ethno-medicinal Informations from Orissa State, India, A Review” Journal of Human Ecology, 2003,14(3),165-227.
40. Dash, S.K.; Padhy, S. & Sachidananda Padhy “Review on Ethnomedicines for Diarrhoea Diseases from Orissa: Prevalence Versus Culture” Journal of Human Ecology 2006,20(1),59-64.
41. Dhanalakshmi, R.; Afrin, J.A.; Akila, M.; Alnoora, F.; Dharani, R.; Parveen, S.I.“Preliminary phytochemical screening and in vitro antacid activity of Hemidesmus indicus leaves extract by modified artificial stomach model” Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry 2018,7(4),2546-2550.
42. Sharma PK, Dhyani SK, Shankar V. “Some useful and medicinal plants of the district Dehradun and Siwalik” Journal of Sci Res Plant Med 1979,1,17-43.
43. Sultana S, Khan N, Sharma S. Alain A. “Modulation of biochemical parameters by Hemidesmus indicus in cumene hydroperoxide induced murine skin: possible role in protection against free radicals-induced cutaneous oxidative stress and tumor promotion” Journal of Ethnopharmacol 2003,85,33-41.
44. Chatterjee RC, Bhattacharya BK. “A note on the isolation of (- sitoserol from Hemidesmusindicus” Journal of Indian Chem Soc 1955,32,485.
45. Baheti JR, Loyal RK, Shah GB “Hepatoprotective activity of Hemidesmusindicus R. Br. in rats” Indian Journal Exp Biol 2006.44,399-402.
46. Babita, M., Chakraborthy, S., Sandhya, M.C. and Viswanath, S. “Sandalwood farming in India: Problems and prospects” Indian Journal of Tropical Biodiversity 2016,26(1),1-12.
47. Fischer, C. E. C. “The original home of Santalum album L.” Journal of the Indian Botanical Society 1928,7,12-13.
48. Rama Rao, M. “Root parasitism of sandal trees. Indian Forester 1903,29,386-389.
49. Ramaswamy, M.N. “Essential oil reserves of Mysore” Indian Forester 1956,82,127-129.
50. Andreia Araujo Morandim, Massuo Jorge Kato, Alberto Jose Cavalheiro and Maysa Furlan “Intraspecific variability of dihydrochalcone, chromenes and benzoic acid derivatives in leaves of Piper aduncum L. (Piperaceae)” African Journal of Biotechnology 2009,8(10),2157-2162.
51. Anita Murali, Purnima Ashok, V. Madhavan “Effect of Leaf of Hemidesmus Indicus (L.) R. Br. Var. Pubescens (W. & A.) Hk.F. (Periplocaceae) - An In Vitro Analysis : A Research” International Journal of Drug Formulation & Research 2010,1(2),162-175.
52. Dipjyoti Chakraborty, Debabrata Sircar, Adinpunya Mitra “Phenylalaine ammonia-lyase-mediated biosynthesis of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde in roots of Hemidesmus indicus” Journal of Plant Physiology 2008,1033-1040.
53. N. Sharma, A. Verma, P. FNU, P. Kempaiah, B. Rathi “Chemical libraries targeting Liver Stage Malarial infection Chem. Biol. Lett.” 2019,6(1),14–22.
54. B.S. Chhikara, N. St. Jean, D. Mandal, A. Kumar, K. Parang “Fatty acyl amide derivatives of doxorubicin: Synthesis and in vitro anticancer activities” Eur. Journal. Med. Chem. 2011, 46(6), 2037–2042.
55. Saikia AP, Ryakala VK, Sharma P, Goswami P, Bora U. “Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by Assamese people for various skin ailments and cosmetics.” Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 2006,106(2),149-157.
56. Mahalingam G, Krishnan K. “Hypoglycemic activity of Hemidesmus indicus on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.” Int J Diab Dev Ctries. 2008,28(1),6-10.
57. Kumar GS, Jayaveera KN, Kumar Ashok CK, et al. “Evaluation of antioxidant and antiacne properties of terpenoidal fraction of Hemidesmus indicus (Indian sarsaparilla).” The Internet Journal of Aesthetic and Antiaging Medicine 2008,1 (1).
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Dec 11, 2024
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Mahesh Chaudhary, Vijendra Rajan, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). COMBATING SUN DAMAGE: HEMIDESMUS INDICUS AND SANDALWOOD ALBUM FOR TAN REMOVAL ACTIVITY: A REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 998-1008. https://doi.org/10.53555/7nwpj929
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Author Biographies
Mahesh Chaudhary
Student, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad.
Vijendra Rajan
Associate Professor, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad.
Dr. Pragnesh Patani
Principal, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
How to Cite
Mahesh Chaudhary, Vijendra Rajan, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). COMBATING SUN DAMAGE: HEMIDESMUS INDICUS AND SANDALWOOD ALBUM FOR TAN REMOVAL ACTIVITY: A REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 998-1008. https://doi.org/10.53555/7nwpj929