BLOOD GROUP FREQUENCY DISPARITIES BETWEEN PATIENTS AND HEALTHY BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL: MYTH OR REALITY?
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Keywords
ABO, Blood group frequencies, Healthy blood donors, Patients, RhD
Abstract
ABO blood groups have been linked to various diseases, influenced by both environmental factors and genetics. Aim of this study was to investigate significant disparities in blood group frequencies between patients and healthy blood donors and to explore the underlying reasons for these differences. This cross-sectional retrospective study was done for a period of two years at a tertiary care centre in eastern India on patients and healthy blood donors. ABO and RhD blood groups were determined using column agglutination technique for blood donors and conventional test-tube technique for patients. Z-score was calculated to compare the two populations on the basis of blood groups. Chi-square test for independence was calculated to correlate the presence of A and B antigens with disease status of the populations. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Out of 75,817 participants, 31,586 (41.66%) were blood donors and 44,231 (58.34%) were patients. Most common blood group among both populations was B (blood donors=36.45%, patients= 37.64%), least common was AB (blood donors=8.88%, patients= 7.76%). Frequencies of all blood groups were almost similar in both populations. Correlation between RhD blood group and disease status of the populations was statistically significant. Result of comparison between only A antigen with only B antigen and the populations was statistically significant so was the presence of RhD antigen. Frequencies of blood groups and their associations with diseases in tertiary healthcare settings are vital for guiding clinical assessments and interventions, and optimizing blood stock management through targeted donor recruitment strategies.
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Shweta Ranjan
DNB, Senior Resident, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507
Nishith Nayan
MD, Senior Resident, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507
Priti Singh
MD, Senior Resident, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507
Bankim Das
MD, Associate Professor, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507
Rakesh Kumar
MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Transfusion Medicine and Blood Bank All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507
Ruchi Sinha
MD, Professor, Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Phulwari Sharif, Patna-801507