OVERVIEW OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS (TB)
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Keywords
Tuberculosis , Etiology, Manifestations , Transmission, Diagnosis, Treatment
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health challenge, with various regions experiencing different patterns and challenges related to the disease. It affects millions worldwide despite the availability of effective treatments. The disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, poses a particular risk to healthcare workers and is complicated by issues such as drug resistance and the need for effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. The following sections explore the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and occupational risks associated with pulmonary TB.
Aim: This is an overview of the pulmonary TB etiology and transmission, as well as clinical manifestations and management strategies.
Method: This is a comprehensive review using PUBMED and Google Scholar search engines, which were the main databases used for the search process, with articles collected up to 2012. This thorough review ensures that the information presented is reliable.
Conclusion: The etiology of pulmonary tuberculosis primary pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the dynamics of transmission, the impact of co-infections like HIV, and the challenges posed by drug resistance. Addressing these factors is critical for effective TB control and prevention strategies worldwide. it presents with a range of respiratory symptoms such as cough and breathlessness, as well as systemic issues like fever and weight loss, making early recognition vital for effective treatment, especially in immunocompromised individuals. Diagnosis involves various methods, including sputum tests and advanced techniques, while effective management requires a comprehensive strategy that encompasses appropriate chemotherapy and adherence to treatment protocols to improve outcomes and control the disease's spread.
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Tharwat Abdullah Almanasef
Primary health care National Guard - Dammam
Ola Abbas Alqudaihi
Primary health care National Guard - Dammam
Mehad Ali Alawad
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital National Guard Dammam
Faiza Jaafer Alhaider
Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal Hospital National Guard Dammam