ASSOCIATION OF LIPID LEVELS DURING GESTATION WITH PREECLAMPSIA AND GESTATIONAL DIABETES MELLITUS: THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF STATINS
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Keywords
Gestational diabetes mellitus, Preeclampsia, Dyslipidaemia, Statin
Abstract
Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and preeclampsia are two main pregnancy disorders that carry a high danger to the health of both the mother and the foetus. After 20 weeks of pregnancy, preeclampsia, which presents as hypertension and proteinuria, can cause major consequences for the mother, including eclampsia, organ malfunction, heart failure, foetal growth restriction, and premature birth.
Objective: To explore the relationship between preeclampsia and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) incidence and lipid levels throughout gestation.
Methodology: The DHQ Teaching Hospital in Abbottabad served as the study site for this retrospective cohort study. The time frame for the investigation was March 2022–March 2023. The study comprised of 181 pregnant women who delivered at DHQ Teaching Hospital Abbottabad during the study period.
Results: Our investigation included 181 pregnant participants who developed preeclampsia and GDM had high mean levels of ‘total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides, and lower HDL-C’ compared to those who did not. Raise in ‘total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides’ were associated with high risks of preeclampsia and GDM, while high HDL-C levels were protective. Additionally, statin use was associated with a lower incidence of preeclampsia.
Conclusion: Our results show a ‘significant association between’ high cholesterol levels and ‘increased risk of preeclampsia’ and gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy. Three parameters of ‘lipids i-e total levels of cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides’ were associated with increased risk in both conditions while there was a protective response of high HDL-C. There was no statistical significance observed between use of statin and the occurrence of preeclampsia and GDM (due to the smaller sample size of statin group), statin can overall reduce the incidence of both conditions in pregnancy.
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Dr Chaman Ara
Assistant Professor, Women Medical College Abbottabad, District Gynaecologist Women and Children Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Dr Sara Yar Khan
Senior Lecturer, Department of Biochemistry, Jinnah Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan
Dr Sheherbano Yahya
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Women Dental College, Abbottabad, Pakistan
Dr Umair Wadood
Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Rehman College of Dentistry, Peshawar, Pakistan
Dr Shahnaz Fatima
Associate Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Sahara Medical College, Narowal, Pakistan
Dr Sofia Irshad
Woman Medical Officer, Health Department KPK, Pakistan