THE IMPACT OF OBESITY ON SERUM ALBUMIN LEVELS IN ADULTS WITHOUT LIVER OR KIDNEY DYSFUNCTION
Main Article Content
Keywords
Obesity, body mass index(BMI), albumin, hypoalbuminemia
Abstract
Aim/Objective:
To investigate the relation of obesity and low albumin levels in individuals devoid of liver or kidney disease manifestations.
Materials and methods:
This cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted at King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore sought to evaluate the link between obesity and hypoalbuminemia. A cohort of 138 patients, ranging in age from eighteen to seventy years with no evidence of liver and kidney disease, were recruited. Participants were divided into three categories determined by BMI: normal-weight controls, obese, and severely obese. Demographic data such as height, weight, and genders were obtained, as well as details about type 2 diabetes, ongoing medical conditions, and medication history. Albumin levels were measured in venous blood samples, and statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 23.0. Descriptive statistics were calculated to determine the correlation between obesity and hypoalbuminemia (p < 0.05).
Results:
In a study of 138 participants, there was no significant difference in mean age between normal control, obese, and morbidly obese groups: 39.4 ± 15.5 years for normal-weight controls, 43.6 ± 14.5 years for obese, and 47.9 ± 14.9 years for severely obese (p = 0.105). The male versus female pattern was identical: 54.3% in healthy subjects, 35.5% in obese, and 42.8% in severely obese (p = 0.193). Diabetes mellitus was prevalent in 24.6% of healthy controls, 44.2% of the obese, and 51.4% of the severely obese (p = 0.059). Hypoalbuminemia prevalence was 8.7% in normal-weight subjects, 37.0% in the obese, and 43.5% in the severely obese, with a significant difference noted (p = 0.002). Median albumin levels were 4.0 (3.6 - 4.2) g/dL in healthy controls, 3.7 (3.2 - 3.9) g/dL in the obese, and 3.5 (3.2 - 3.7) g/dL in the morbidly obese, indicating a statistically significant variation (p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
The study accentuates the significant link between obesity and hypoalbuminemia. Clear guidelines are crucial for interpreting serum-albumin statistics in obese people. The notable prevalence of hypoalbuminemia in obese individuals, emphasize its importance as an independent prognostic factor. International consensus is needed to optimize obesity management and enhance nutrition care.
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Dr Neha Shehzad
Specialty Doctor, Acute Medicine, Lincoln County Hospital
Dr Syed Sebghatullah
Resident Internal Medicine, Tentishev Satkynbai Memorial Asian Medical Institute, Kant, KGZ.
Dr Jai Chand
Medical Officer, Khairpur Medical College, Pakistan
Dr Moazama Shakeel Ahmed
House Officer, Department of Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore
Dr Yamna Fatima
Assistant Professor, Physiology Department, Central Park Medical College Lahore Pakistan
Dr Rida Masood
Resident Internal Medicine, Dow Medical College, Karachi, Pakistan