IMPACT OF AGE ON PRESENTATION, RISK FACTORS, AND CARDIAC IMAGING FINDINGS IN ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION (STEMI)

Abstract

Introduction: The incidence of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in young patients has increased. Despite the prevalence of MI among older individuals, cardiovascular events, especially MI, remain a significant concern for younger people.

Objective: To determine the impact of age on the presentation of MI, prevalence of risk factors, type of MI, and cardiac imaging findings in STEMI patients.

Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted at cardiology ward of Sheikh Zayed Hospital, from June to August 2023. The data of STEMI patients was taken from registry of cardiology ward. Patients were divided into two age groups, age group 1 (18-45 years, young age group) and age group 2 (above 45 years, old age group). Patients’ data including gender, age, risk factors, type of MI, angiographic findings and left ventricular ejection fraction was collected and entered in SPSS version-23 for statistical analysis. Chi-square test was applied and p-value≤0.05 was taken as significant.

Results: STEMI was more common among males of age group 1 (85.2% vs 72.3%), while among females, the proportion was greater in age group 2 (14.8% vs 27.7%). Diabetes Mellitus (p-value=0.006), hypertension (p-value=0.001), and dyslipidemias (p-value=0.003) were more prevalent in age group 2, while smoking (p-value=0.113) was not significantly different between age groups. Family history of coronary artery disease was significantly more common in age group 1 (p-value=0.001). The SMuRF less status was significantly more common in age group 1 (p-value=0.015). Age group 2 had a higher prevalence of MVCAD compared to age group 1 (3.6% vs 0.8%).

Conclusion: The study revealed that older women (age group 2) have a higher rate of Myocardial Infarction than younger women (age group 1). Family history was more common in the younger age group (age group 1).