Exploring Illness Perception, Medication Adherence, and Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Patients
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Keywords
Type 2 diabetes mellitus · Illness perception · Medication adherence · Glycemic control
Abstract
Despite the availability of various antidiabetic treatments, many individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) struggle to maintain controlled glucose levels. This study aimed to evaluate illness perception, medication adherence, and glycemic control among patients with T2DM receiving primary healthcare.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 265 patients with T2DM from primary healthcare facilities . Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and diabetic medical history were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (B-IPQ) assessed diabetes perception, while the 8-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8) examined medication adherence.
Results: Significant differences in B-IPQ scores were observed among patient groups based on diabetic medications, complications, and glycemic control (p<0.05). MMAS-8 scores also significantly differed among groups based on disease duration, family history of T2DM, and glycemic control (p<0.05). Furthermore, HbA1c scores varied significantly across patient groups in terms of disease duration, medications, complications, and family history of T2DM (p<0.05). Higher BMI, positive family history of T2DM, insulin use, elevated illness perception, and suboptimal medication adherence were associated with higher HbA1c levels.
Conclusion: Elevated HbA1c levels were associated with higher BMI, positive family history of T2DM, insulin usage, heightened illness perception, and inadequate medication adherence among patients receiving primary healthcare for T2DM.
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