TO ANALYSED THE CORRELATION OF ACID- BASE DISTURBANCE ALONG WITH ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE
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Keywords
acute diarrheal illness, arterial blood gas, anion gap
Abstract
Introduction-Diarrhea can cause a variety of fluid volume, acid-base and electrolyte abnormality which can cause disruption of various organs functioning and also complicate the disease itself to contribute it to morbidity and mortality.
Aim- To analysed the correlation of acid- base disturbance along with electrolyte imbalance with severity illness to acute kidney injury.
Method- this prospective study done in department of medicine from January 2022 to January 2023 one year period in GMC Shahdol medical college. Total 96 patients included in this study
Results- Among the studied 96 patients, maximum cases belong to the two age groups 20-29 years and 40-49 years with mean age 40.08. Out of studied 96 patients, 50 were males and 46 were females. 88 were having duration of illness <7 days and 8 patients were having duration ≥ 7days. 56.3% of study participants were severely dehydrated, 28.1% were moderately dehydrated and only 15.6% were mildly dehydrated.
In our study, serum urea level raised in 31.3% of cases and serum creatinine level raised in only 8.3% of participants in acute diarrheal illness. Acute diarrheal illness patients 77.1% of participants were having below normal Serum sodium level and 58.3% were having below normal serum potassium level in the study. Out of 96 patients, 46.3 % of participants were presented with raised serum urea level with severe dehydration similarly, Serum sodium and potassium was found below the normal value in 92.6% and 72.2% severely dehydrated participants respectively. Out of 96 patients, it was found that 31.3% participants were having metabolic acidosis and only 6.3% were having high anion gap in ABG analysis.Out of 96 patients, 86.7% of them had metabolic acidosis found associated with severe dehydration in acute diarrhoeal condition with p value of < 0.001. In our study, p value of between high anion gap metabolic acidosis and severe dehydration was <0.001and was associated with poor prognosis.
Conclusion- The most common acid-base abnormality apart from normal ABG study, observed in patients with acute diarrheal disease is normal anion gap metabolic acidosis.
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Dr. Pradeep Kumar Kori
Ex senior resident, Department of General Medicine, N S C B Medical College Jabalpur
Dr. Rohit Bhuriya
Senior Resident, Department of Emergency Medicine, MGM Medical College Indore
Dr. Harsha Gupta
Associate Professor in Anesthesia dept.Chirayu medical college and hospital Bhopal
Dr. Ankush lokhande
Resident, Department of General Surgery, NSCB, Jabalpur