EXPLORING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY AND DIABETIC NEUROPATHY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY INVESTIGATING POTENTIAL INTERVENTIONS
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Keywords
Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Neuropathy, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Cross-sectional study, Interventions, Health parameters
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) poses a substantial global health burden, with Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) as a prevalent and debilitating complication. DN is a common and debilitating complication of DM, affecting a substantial proportion of individuals with the condition. Relationship between diabetes, neuropathy, and micronutrient status, understanding the impact of Vitamin B12 deficiency becomes crucial for optimizing comprehensive care strategies for individuals with diabetes.
Objective: To examine the association between Vitamin B12 deficiency and DN.
Methodology: Adopting a cross-sectional design, the study was conducted from January 2022 to December 2023. The sample size comprised 120 participants diagnosed with Type 2 DM and established DN. In-depth interviews with healthcare professionals explored potential interventions. Quantitative data, including demographics, DM duration, and DN diagnosis through clinical records and nerve conduction studies, were collected. A mixed-methods approach incorporated both quantitative and qualitative data analysis. IBM SPSS v27 facilitated statistical analyses. Continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Differences between groups were tested using independent samples two-tailed t-test. The Spearman correlation coefficient evaluated relationships between continuous variables. Mann–Whitney tests assessed associations with categorical variables. A significance level of p < 0.05 was applied.
Results: The study with 120 participants showed that the active group, with a mean age of 56.8 years (SD 7.9), had a higher age than the total population (mean age 55.2 years, SD 8.3); gender distribution revealed 70.0% males in the active group and 46.7% in the placebo group. Participants experienced a significant increase in Vitamin B12 levels post-treatment (p=0.032). Fasting glucose and HbA1c showed non-significant trends. Lipid profiles varied. Spearman correlation indicated associations between age, glucose, and Vitamin B12. Mann–Whitney tests revealed lower Vitamin B12 ranks in DN-present individuals (p=0.012), while age and time since DM diagnosis showed significant associations.
Conclusion: This study enhances our understanding of the intricate relationship between Vitamin B12 deficiency and DN. The findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to mitigate neuropathic complications associated with Vitamin B12 deficiency, thus optimizing comprehensive care for individuals with DM.
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Professor Dr Muhammad Rashid Naseem Khan
Mbbs, Mcps. Md General Medicine, Principal & Head Of Department In Department Of Medicine, Liaquat College Of Medicine And Dentistry(Lcmd)& Darul Sehat Hospital Karachi
Dr Muhammad Umair
Mbbs Fcps General Medicine, Senior Registrar In Department Of Medicine, Liaquat College Of Medicine And Dentistry( Lcmd)& Darul Sehat Hospital Karachi
Dr Waqas Hussain
Senior Registrar of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences and Dr.Ruth K.M.Pfau,Civil Hospital Karachi
Inam-u-llah
The Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Haripur.
Maria Rahman
Department of Human Nutrition, FFSN, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Sharjeel Khawar
Department of Human Nutrition, FFSN, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan
Dr. Humera Nazir
Assistant professor in Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan.
Rabiya Naz
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University Chak Shahzad Campus, Islamabad
Farwa Aslam
Department of Allied Health Sciences, Iqra University Chak Shahzad Campus, Islamabad
Dr Ravi Dutt Sharma
Assistant Professor-Biology, Department of Pure Sciences, College of Engineering, Science and Technology. Natabua Campus, Lautoka. Fiji National University, Republic of Fiji.