A CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY ON DIETARY PATTERNS IN ADOLESCENT SCHOOL GIRLS OF INDORE CITY OF CENTRAL INDIA WITH ASSOCIATED FACTORS AND THEIR IMPACT ON HEALTH.
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Keywords
Recommended Dietary Allowances, calorie intake, adolescents, food choices
Abstract
During adolescence, a critical phase of human development, individuals undergo significant physical, emotional, and social transformations. This period typically spanning from age 10 to 19 years, plays a pivotal role in shaping future health and well-being. Various factors impact adolescent health including dietary patterns. The purpose of this research is to delve into the complexities of dietary patterns in adolescents.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study and was carried out on 230 adolescent school girls, between the age 11 and 19 years, of urban areas of Indore city. It was a questionnaire based study covering various aspects including demographic profile, socioeconomic status, physical activity, dietary intake, food preferences, eating habits, influence of media and peers on dietary choices and knowledge about nutrition.
Results: 48 (20.86%) of the girls were found to be thin, 164 (71.3%) girls were of normal weight, 6 (2.6%) were at risk of overweight and 12 (5.21%) girls were overweight. The "B.M.I. for Age" showed a statistically significant association with socioeconomic status (P=0.005) and calorie intake (P=0.03). Mean calorie intake was 14 to 31% less than the Recommended Dietary Allowances (R.D.A.). 52% of adolescents reported skipping breakfast or having inadequate meals. During afterschool hours, 50 % of the adolescent girls from high SES indulged in unhealthy snacking. Sugar-sweetened beverages, including soda and energy drinks, were prevalent among adolescents of high SES. Water consumption appeared to be limited, with many opting for flavoured beverages.
Conclusion: The dietary patterns in adolescents play significant role at this critical life stage for shaping long-term eating habits. Socioeconomic factors, family dynamics, peer influence, body image concerns, and exposure to food advertising all play pivotal roles in influencing dietary choices among adolescents
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Dr. Sunita Solanki
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, M.G.M. Medical College, Indore, (M.P.)
Dr. Deepak Gawali
Demonstrator, Department of Microbiology, M.G.M. Medical College, Indore, (M.P.)
Dr. Namita Jain
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, L.N.C.T. Medical College Indore (M.P.)
Dr.Vandana Varma
Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, M.G.M. Medical College, Indore, (M.P.)