Assessment Of Antifungal and Cytotoxicity On Aqueous Solution Of Acai Berry With Probiotics Against Candida albicans
Main Article Content
Keywords
acai berry, probiotics, antioxidant, antifungal, oral candidiasis, candida associated with leukoplakia, oral sub mucous fibrosis
Abstract
Aim: To assess antifungal and cytotoxic effects of acai berry with probiotics.
Materials and methods: Six millilitres of rose-bengal broth were produced, sterilised, and added to three test tubes. In the range of “5*10 billion cfu/ml”, Candida suspension was applied to each of the three test tubes. the incubation period of 1, 2, 3, or 4 hours. To determine the lowest inhibitory activity, the percentage of dead cells is then computed at a “wavelength of 600 nm”. “200 ml of distilled water” were used to dissolve “2g of iodine-free salt” to test for cytotoxicity. We filled “6 well Elisa plates” with “10–12 cc of saline water”. The combined acai berry and probiotics were then added in accordance with the concentration levels after 10 nauplii were gradually added to each well (“20 l, 40 l, 60 l, 80 l, and 100 l, plus control”). 24 hours were spent incubating the plates.
Results: The results are calculated by day 1and day 2. On day 1, at concentration of 5μl,10μl,20μl,40μl,80μl and the control group the number of nauplii alive was 10. On day 2, at concentration of 5μl 8 nauplii alive, at 10μl 8nauplii was alive,20μl 7 nauplii was alive, 40μl 7 nauplii was alive, 80μl 6 nauplii was alive.
Conclusion: Result shows the acai berry and probiotics formations shows antifungal property and good cytotoxic effect, in future can be used in management of oral candidiasis associated lesion.
References
2. Ribeiro FC, Rossoni RD, de Barros PP, Santos JD, Fugisaki LRO, Leão MPV, Junqueira JC. Action mechanisms of probiotics on Candida spp. and candidiasis prevention: an update. J Appl Microbiol. 2020 Aug;129(2):175-185. doi: 10.1111/jam.14511. Epub 2019 Nov 21. PMID: 31705713.
3. Andrade JC, Kumar S, Kumar A, Černáková L, Rodrigues CF. Application of probiotics in candidiasis management. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(30):8249-8264. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1926905. Epub 2021 May 22. PMID: 34024191.
4. Hu L, Zhou M, Young A, Zhao W, Yan Z. In vivo effectiveness and safety of probiotics on prophylaxis and treatment of oral candidiasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health. 2019 Jul 10;19(1):140. doi: 10.1186/s12903-019-0841-2. PMID: 31291932; PMCID: PMC6621984.
5. Contaldo M, Di Stasio D, Romano A, Fiori F, Della Vella F, Rupe C, Lajolo C, Petruzzi M, Serpico R, Lucchese A. Oral candidiasis and novel therapeutic strategies: antifungals, phytotherapy, probiotics, and photodynamic therapy. Curr Drug Deliv. 2022 Apr 18. doi: 10.2174/1567201819666220418104042. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35440307.
6. Lombardi A, Ouanounou A. Fungal infections in dentistry: Clinical presentations, diagnosis, and treatment alternatives. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2020 Nov;130(5):533-546. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2020.08.011. Epub 2020 Aug 18. PMID: 32907786.
7. Costa MG, Ooki GN, Vieira AD, Bedani R, Saad SM. Synbiotic Amazonian palm berry (açai, Euterpe oleracea Mart.) ice cream improved Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG survival to simulated gastrointestinal stress. Food Funct. 2017 Feb 22;8(2):731-740. doi: 10.1039/c6fo00778c. PMID: 28106205.
8. de Almeida Magalhães TSS, de Oliveira Macedo PC, Converti A, Neves de Lima The Use of Euterpe oleracea Mart. As a New Perspective for Disease Treatment and Prevention. Biomolecules. 2020 May 26;10(6):813. doi: 10.3390/biom10060813. PMID: 32466439; PMCID: PMC7356995.
9. Yamaguchi KK, Pereira LF, Lamarão CV, Lima ES, da Veiga-Junior VF. Amazon acai: chemistry and biological activities: a review. Food Chem. 2015 Jul 15;179:137-51. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.01.055. Epub 2015 Feb 4. PMID: 25722148
10. Li D, Li Q, Liu C, Lin M, Li X, Xiao X, Zhu Z, Gong Q, Zhou H. Efficacy and safety of probiotics in the treatment of Candida-associated stomatitis. Mycoses. 2014 Mar;57(3):141-6. doi: 10.1111/myc.12116. Epub 2013 Aug 19. PMID: 23952962.
11. Miyazima TY, Ishikawa KH, Mayer M, Saad S, Nakamae A. Cheese supplemented with probiotics reduced the Candida levels in denture wearers-RCT. Oral Dis. 2017 Oct;23(7):919-925. doi: 10.1111/odi.12669. Epub 2017 May 16. PMID: 28346730.
12. Nirmala M, Smitha SG, Kamath GJ. A Study to Assess The Efficacy of Local Application of Oral Probiotic in Treating Recurrent Aphthous Ulcer and Oral Candidiasis. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2019 Oct;71(Suppl 1):113-117. doi: 10.1007/s12070-017-1139-9. Epub 2017 May 4. PMID: 31741944; PMCID: PMC6848315.
13. Ishikawa KH, Mayer MP, Miyazima TY, Matsubara VH, Silva EG, Paula CR, Campos TT, Nakamae AE. A multispecies probiotic reduces oral Candida colonization in denture wearers. J Prosthodont. 2015 Apr;24(3):194-9. doi: 10.1111/jopr.12198. Epub 2014 Aug 20. PMID: 25143068.
14. Zhao C, Lv X, Fu J, He C, Hua H, Yan Z. In vitro inhibitory activity of probiotic products against oral Candida species. J Appl Microbiol. 2016 Jul;121(1):254-62. doi: 10.1111/jam.13138. Epub 2016 May 9. PMID: 26999745.
15. Hatakka K, Ahola AJ, Yli-Knuuttila H, Richardson M, Poussa T, Meurman JH, Korpela R. Probiotics reduce the prevalence of oral candida in the elderly--a randomized controlled trial. J Dent Res. 2007 Feb;86(2):125-30. doi: 10.1177/154405910708600204. PMID: 17251510.