HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED BY DIABETES IN SWISS ALBINO MICE AND THEIR AMELIORATION WITH SPIRULINA PLATENSIS SUPPLEMENTATION
Main Article Content
Keywords
Diabetes mellitus, Spirulina platensis, Histopathology, Swiss albino mice, Organ damage, Fasting blood glucose, Liver, Kidney, Ovary, Pancreas
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic condition marked by hyperglycemia and disruptions in the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, frequently resulting in significant organ dysfunction. This study aimed to examine the histological alterations caused by diabetes in Swiss albino mice and to assess the therapeutic effects of Spirulina platensis (SP) supplementation. Diabetes was induced with Alloxan monohydrate, and the mice were categorized into four groups: control, diabetic control, diabetic mice receiving SP supplementation, and control mice receiving SP supplementation. The research studied fasting blood glucose levels and histological alterations in the liver, kidney, ovary, and pancreas following 21 days of therapy. Histopathological research indicated that SP supplementation alleviated hepatic and renal damage, safeguarded ovarian function, and enhanced pancreatic β-cell integrity. The study indicates that SP has potential as an adjuvant therapy to mitigate organ damage caused by diabetes and enhance reproductive health in diabetic mice.
References
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7. Muthuraman, P., Senthilkumar, R., & Srikumar, K. (2009). Alterations in beta-islets of Langerhans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by marine Spirulina platensis. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 24(6), 1253–1256.
8. Nachnani, J. S., Bulchandani, D. G., Nookala, A., Herndon, B., Molteni, A., Pandya, P., Taylor, R., Quinn, T., Weide, L., & Alba, L. M. (2010). Biochemical and histological effects of exendin-4 (exenatide) on the rat pancreas. Diabetologia, 53, 153–159.
9. Prashanth, M., Ganesh, H. K., Vima, M. V., John, M., Bandgar, T., Joshi, S. R., Shah, S. R., Rathi, P. M., Joshi, A. S., Thakkar, H., & Menon, P. S. (2009). Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 57(3), 205–210.
10. Soleimani Mehrnjani, M., Abnosi, M. H., Mahmoodi, M., Anvari, M., Dezfolian, A. R., & Davoodzadeh, H. (2009). A study on the effect of cinnamon on the structure of the ovary in diabetic rats. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 16(3), 233–243.
11. Teoh, S. L., Latiff, A. A., & Das, S. (2010). Histological changes in the kidneys of experimental diabetic rats fed with Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) extract. Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, 51(1), 91–95.
12. Thaakur, S., & Sravanthi, R. (2010). Neuroprotective effect of Spirulina in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats. Journal of Neural Transmission, 117(9), 1083–1091.
13. Uslusoy, H. S., Nak, S. G., Gülten, M., & Bıyıklı, Z. (2009). Liver histology according to the presence of metabolic syndrome in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cases. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 15(9), 1093–1098.
14. Zhang, Z., Jiang, J., Yu, P., Zeng, X., Larrick, J. W., & Wang, Y. (2009). Hypoglycemic and beta cell protective effects of andrographolide analogue for diabetes treatment. Journal of Translational Medicine, 7, 62–74.
2. Kutala, V. K., Parinandi, N. L., Khan, M. A., Iyyapu, K. M., & Kuppusamy, P. E. (2008). Spirulina—a blue-green alga with novel therapeutic actions. In Phytopharmacology and Therapeutic Values IV (pp. 127–151).
3. Lee, E. H., Park, J. E., Choi, Y. J., Huh, K. B., & Kim, W. Y. (2008). A randomized study to establish the effects of spirulina in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Nutrition Research and Practice, 2(4), 295–300.
4. Li, X. L., Xu, G., Chen, T., Wong, Y. S., Zhao, H. L., Fan, R. R., Gu, X. M., Tong, P. C., & Chan, J. C. (2009). Phycocyanin protects INS-1E pancreatic beta cells against human islet amyloid polypeptide-induced apoptosis through attenuating oxidative stress and modulating JNK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, 41(7), 1526–1535.
5. McCarty, M. F., Barroso-Aranda, J., & Contreras, F. (2010). Potential complementarity of high-flavanol cocoa powder and spirulina for health protection. Medical Hypotheses, 74(2), 370–373.
6. Meineri, G., Ingravalle, F., Radice, E., & Aragno, M. (2009). Effects of high-fat diets and Spirulina Platensis supplementation in New Zealand White rabbits. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8, 2735–2744.
7. Muthuraman, P., Senthilkumar, R., & Srikumar, K. (2009). Alterations in beta-islets of Langerhans in alloxan-induced diabetic rats by marine Spirulina platensis. Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 24(6), 1253–1256.
8. Nachnani, J. S., Bulchandani, D. G., Nookala, A., Herndon, B., Molteni, A., Pandya, P., Taylor, R., Quinn, T., Weide, L., & Alba, L. M. (2010). Biochemical and histological effects of exendin-4 (exenatide) on the rat pancreas. Diabetologia, 53, 153–159.
9. Prashanth, M., Ganesh, H. K., Vima, M. V., John, M., Bandgar, T., Joshi, S. R., Shah, S. R., Rathi, P. M., Joshi, A. S., Thakkar, H., & Menon, P. S. (2009). Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 57(3), 205–210.
10. Soleimani Mehrnjani, M., Abnosi, M. H., Mahmoodi, M., Anvari, M., Dezfolian, A. R., & Davoodzadeh, H. (2009). A study on the effect of cinnamon on the structure of the ovary in diabetic rats. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, 16(3), 233–243.
11. Teoh, S. L., Latiff, A. A., & Das, S. (2010). Histological changes in the kidneys of experimental diabetic rats fed with Momordica charantia (bitter gourd) extract. Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology, 51(1), 91–95.
12. Thaakur, S., & Sravanthi, R. (2010). Neuroprotective effect of Spirulina in cerebral ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats. Journal of Neural Transmission, 117(9), 1083–1091.
13. Uslusoy, H. S., Nak, S. G., Gülten, M., & Bıyıklı, Z. (2009). Liver histology according to the presence of metabolic syndrome in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease cases. World Journal of Gastroenterology, 15(9), 1093–1098.
14. Zhang, Z., Jiang, J., Yu, P., Zeng, X., Larrick, J. W., & Wang, Y. (2009). Hypoglycemic and beta cell protective effects of andrographolide analogue for diabetes treatment. Journal of Translational Medicine, 7, 62–74.
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Published
Jul 11, 2011
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Pranay Punj Pankaj, & M C Varma. (2011). HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED BY DIABETES IN SWISS ALBINO MICE AND THEIR AMELIORATION WITH SPIRULINA PLATENSIS SUPPLEMENTATION. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 18(2), 403-408. https://doi.org/10.53555/1wnabz02
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Author Biographies
Pranay Punj Pankaj
University Department of Zoology, T M Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India-812007.
M C Varma
University Department of Zoology, T M Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India-812007.
How to Cite
Pranay Punj Pankaj, & M C Varma. (2011). HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CHANGES INDUCED BY DIABETES IN SWISS ALBINO MICE AND THEIR AMELIORATION WITH SPIRULINA PLATENSIS SUPPLEMENTATION. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 18(2), 403-408. https://doi.org/10.53555/1wnabz02