THE IMPACT OF SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ON HUMAN HEALTH IN INDIA OVER A DECADE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW
Main Article Content
Keywords
Heat wave, India, Skin Diseases, Mortality rate
Abstract
The heat wave which is one of the major problems through the last few decades, in which India as a big nation and huge population get affected with multiple disease some of which get influenced by the heat wave during last few decades. As per the data published by many Indian and foreign publisher it was clear that the effect of heat wave was clearly enhancing the health related problems like electrolyte imbalance, respiratory Issues, migraine, skin cancer, solar keratosis, psoriasis, and many more skin or immunity related conditions and diseases. It was reported that the raise in temperature occurs by more than 10°C in south and west resign of the nation. Also several cases were reported about the death causality in this resign of Indian continent in between the year of 2015 to 2024. This article provide the sufficient information about effect and other related terms of heat wave in this article we also enlighten those disease that might get vast and showing very drastic condition in the terms of health management and also sometimes in the form of death motility rate, also our aim for this article is to give the combine solution to those population they are either suffering or going to be the one who get suffered. This article combined the data which was based on the articles includes the solution and making one interested towards the upcoming scenarios.
References
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27. Vellingiri S, Dutta P, Singh S, Sathish LM, Pingle S, Brahmbhatt B. Combating Climate Change-induced Heat Stress: Assessing Cool Roofs and Its Impact on the Indoor Ambient Temperature of the Households in the Urban Slums of Ahmedabad. Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2020;24(1):25-29. doi:10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_120_19
28. Cecinati F, Matthews T, Natarajan S, McCullen N, Coley D. Mining Social Media to Identify Heat Waves. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(5):762. Published 2019 Mar 2. doi:10.3390/ijerph16050762
29. Hess JJ, Lm S, Knowlton K, et al. Building Resilience to Climate Change: Pilot Evaluation of the Impact of India's First Heat Action Plan on All-Cause Mortality. J Environ Public Health. 2018;2018:7973519. Published 2018 Nov 1. doi:10.1155/2018/7973519
30. Zhao X, Jogdand Y, Sharma P, Khan S. Sun protection practices in India: Preliminary findings from a nationally representative sample. Prev Med Rep. 2023;36:102420. Published 2023 Sep 14. doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102420
31. GBD 2021 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950-2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2024;403(10440):1989-2056. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00476-8
32. Golechha M, Panigrahy RK. COVID-19 and heatwaves: a double whammy for Indian cities. Lancet Planet Health. 2020;4(8):e315-e316. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30170-4
33. Zhao Q, Yu P, Mahendran R, et al. Global climate change and human health: Pathways and possible solutions. Eco Environ Health. 2022;1(2):53-62. Published 2022 May 7. doi:10.1016/j.eehl.2022.04.004
34. Arreyndip NA. Identifying agricultural disaster risk zones for future climate actions. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0260430. Published 2021 Dec 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260430
35. Matthews TK, Wilby RL, Murphy C. Communicating the deadly consequences of global warming for human heat stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(15):3861-3866. doi:10.1073/pnas.1617526114
36. Ratnam JV, Behera SK, Ratna SB, Rajeevan M, Yamagata T. Anatomy of Indian heatwaves. Sci Rep. 2016;6:24395. Published 2016 Apr 15. doi:10.1038/srep24395
37. Sharma S, Mujumdar P. Increasing frequency and spatial extent of concurrent meteorological droughts and heatwaves in India. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15582. Published 2017 Nov 14. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15896-3
38. Kumar S, Chakraborty A, Chandrakar R, Kumar A, Sadhukhan B, Roy Chowdhury R. Analysis of marine heatwaves over the Bay of Bengal during 1982-2021 [published correction appears in Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 21;13(1):15716. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-431011]. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14235. Published 2023 Aug 30. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-39884-y
39. Ratnam JV, Behera SK, Nonaka M, Martineau P, Patil KR. Predicting maximum temperatures over India 10-days ahead using machine learning models. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):17208. Published 2023 Oct 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-44286-1
40. Khan A, Santamouris M. On the local warming potential of urban rooftop photovoltaic solar panels in cities. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):15623. Published 2023 Sep 20. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40280-9
41. Sverdlik A, Kothiwal K, Kadungure A, et al. Understanding the interplay of occupational, public health, and climate-related risks for informal workers: A new framework with findings from Zimbabwe and India. Soc Sci Med. 2024;348:116750. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116750
42. Perkins SE, Alexander LV, Nairn JR. Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and warm spells. Geophysical Research Letters. 2012;39(20). doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl053361
43. T, A., AchutaRao, K. & Sagar, A.D. Climate science to inform adaptation policy: Heat waves over India in the 1.5°C and 2°C warmer worlds. Climatic Change 176, 64 (2023).
44. K Koteswara Rao et al 2023 Environ. Res.: Climate 2 015002DOI 10.1088/27525295/acb077
45. Goyal MK, Singh S, Jain V. Heat waves characteristics intensification across Indian smart cities. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14786. Published 2023 Sep 7. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-419688
46. Mukherjee S, Mishra V. A sixfold rise in concurrent day and night-time heatwaves in India under 2 °C warming. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):16922. Published 2018 Nov 16. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35348-w
47. Oliver, S.L., Santana, K.V. & Ribeiro, H. The Effect of Sunlight Exposure on Vitamin D Status in Countries of Low and High Latitudes: A Systematic Literature Review. Curr Nutr Rep 12, 1–13 (2023).
48. Savioli G, Zanza C, Longhitano Y, et al. Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations. Biomedicines. 2022;10(10):2542. Published 2022 Oct 12. doi:10.3390/biomedicines10102542
49. Nichols AW. Heat-related illness in sports and exercise. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2014;7(4):355-365. doi:10.1007/s12178-014-9240-0
50. Bell ML, Gasparrini A, Benjamin GC. Climate Change, Extreme Heat, and Health. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(19):1793-1801. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2210769
2. de Bont J, Nori-Sarma A, Stafoggia M, et al. Impact of heatwaves on all-cause mortality in India: A comprehensive multi-city study. Environ Int. 2024;184:108461. doi:10.1016/ j.envint.2024.108461
3. Khaiwal Ravindra, Bhardwaj S, Ram C, et al. Temperature projections and heatwave attribution scenarios over India: A narrative review. Heliyon. 2024;10(4):e26431-e26431. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e26431
4. G.M. Ismailov, E.A. Sazanova, V.O. Notkina, et al. Sunlight exposure on human health and vitality. BIO Web of Conferences. 2024;113:06014-06014. doi:https://doi.org/10.1051 /bioconf/202411306014
5. Awasthi A, Vishwakarma K, Pattnayak KC. Retrospection of heatwave and heat index. Theor Appl Climatol. 2022;147(1-2):589-604. doi:10.1007/s00704-021-03854-z
6. Aditya Kumar Dubey, Kumar P. Future projections of heatwave characteristics and dynamics over India using a high-resolution regional earth system model. Climate Dynamics. 2022;60(1-2):127-145. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-022-06309-x
7. Vicedo-Cabrera AM, Scovronick N, Sera F, et al. The burden of heat-related mortality attributable to recent human-induced climate change. Nat Clim Chang. 2021;11(6):492500. doi:10.1038/s41558-021-01058-x
8. Kenny GP, Yardley J, Brown C, Sigal RJ, Jay O. Heat stress in older individuals and patients with common chronic diseases. CMAJ. 2010;182(10):1053-1060. doi:10.1503/cmaj.081050
9. Srinivasan K, Maruthy KN, Venugopal V, Ramaswamy P. Research in occupational heat stress in India: Challenges and opportunities. Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2016;20(2):7378. doi:10.4103/0019-5278.197522
10. Merin KA, Shaji M, Kameswaran R. A Review on Sun Exposure and Skin Diseases. Indian J Dermatol. 2022;67(5):625. doi:10.4103/ijd.ijd_1092_20.
11. Gulrez Shah Azhar, Dileep Mavalankar, Amruta Nori-Sarma, et al. Heat-Related Mortality in India: Excess All-Cause Mortality Associated with the 2010 Ahmedabad Heat Wave. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(3):e91831-e91831. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0091831.
12. Nori-Sarma A, Benmarhnia T, Rajiva A, et al. Advancing our Understanding of Heat Wave Criteria and Associated Health Impacts to Improve Heat Wave Alerts in Developing Country Settings. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(12):2089. Published 2019 Jun 13. doi:10.3390/ijerph16122089.
13. Hasan F, Marsia S, Patel K, Agrawal P, Razzak JA. Effective Community-Based Interventions for the Prevention and Management of Heat-Related Illnesses: A Scoping Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021;18(16):8362. Published 2021 Aug 7. doi:10.3390/ijerph18168362
14. Wu S, Cho E, Li WQ, Weinstock MA, Han J, Qureshi AA. History of Severe Sunburn and Risk of Skin Cancer Among Women and Men in 2 Prospective Cohort Studies. Am J Epidemiol. 2016;183(9):824-833. doi:10.1093/aje/kwv282
15. Solanki D, Bhadoria AS, Dr. Pragnesh Patani. A Review On Solar Keratosis: Diagnosis, Treatment & Prevention. Journal of Advanced Zoology. 2023;45(2):1350-1358. doi:https://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v45i2.4241
16. Newborn, M. Oral rehydration salts. Who.int. Published 2006. https://www.who.int /publications/i/item/WHO-FCH-CAH-06.1
17. CDC. Heat and Medications – Guidance for Clinicians. Heat Health. Published 2024.https://www.cdc.gov/heat-health/hcp/clinicaidance-for-clinicians.html
18. Guo, J., Huang, X., Dou, L. et al. Aging and aging-related diseases: from molecular mechanisms to interventions and treatments. Sig Transduct Target Ther 7, 391 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41392-022-01251-0
19. Regulating medical products. Who.int. Published 2021.https://www.who.int/Europe /activities /regulating-medical-products
20. Debnath R, Ronita Bardhan, Bell ML. Lethal heatwaves are challenging India’s sustainable development. PLOS Climate. 2023;2(4):e0000156-e0000156. doi:https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000156
21. Increasing probability of mortality during Indian heat waves. Science Advances. Published 2017.https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1700066.
22. Sharma S, Pradeep Mujumdar. Increasing frequency and spatial extent of concurrent meteorological droughts and heatwaves in India. Scientific Reports. 2017;7(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-15896-3
23. GBD 2019 Chronic Respiratory Diseases Collaborators. Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EClinicalMedicine. 2023;59:101936. doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101936
24. Ganguli P. Amplified risk of compound heat stress-dry spells in Urban India. Clim Dyn. 2023;60(3-4):1061-1078. doi:10.1007/s00382-022-06324-y 25. S. Arasu, In the Hot Seat India’s Invisible Climate Crisis, 2020. https://www.natureinfocus.in/call-for-code/in-the-hot-seat-india-s-invisible-climate-crisis. 26. Jain M, Saxena P, Sharma S, Sonwani S. Investigation of Forest Fire Activity Changes Over the Central India Domain Using Satellite Observations During 20012020. Geohealth. 2021;5(12):e2021GH000528. Published 2021 Dec 1. doi:10.1029/2021GH00052
27. Vellingiri S, Dutta P, Singh S, Sathish LM, Pingle S, Brahmbhatt B. Combating Climate Change-induced Heat Stress: Assessing Cool Roofs and Its Impact on the Indoor Ambient Temperature of the Households in the Urban Slums of Ahmedabad. Indian J Occup Environ Med. 2020;24(1):25-29. doi:10.4103/ijoem.IJOEM_120_19
28. Cecinati F, Matthews T, Natarajan S, McCullen N, Coley D. Mining Social Media to Identify Heat Waves. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(5):762. Published 2019 Mar 2. doi:10.3390/ijerph16050762
29. Hess JJ, Lm S, Knowlton K, et al. Building Resilience to Climate Change: Pilot Evaluation of the Impact of India's First Heat Action Plan on All-Cause Mortality. J Environ Public Health. 2018;2018:7973519. Published 2018 Nov 1. doi:10.1155/2018/7973519
30. Zhao X, Jogdand Y, Sharma P, Khan S. Sun protection practices in India: Preliminary findings from a nationally representative sample. Prev Med Rep. 2023;36:102420. Published 2023 Sep 14. doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102420
31. GBD 2021 Demographics Collaborators. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950-2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet. 2024;403(10440):1989-2056. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00476-8
32. Golechha M, Panigrahy RK. COVID-19 and heatwaves: a double whammy for Indian cities. Lancet Planet Health. 2020;4(8):e315-e316. doi:10.1016/S2542-5196(20)30170-4
33. Zhao Q, Yu P, Mahendran R, et al. Global climate change and human health: Pathways and possible solutions. Eco Environ Health. 2022;1(2):53-62. Published 2022 May 7. doi:10.1016/j.eehl.2022.04.004
34. Arreyndip NA. Identifying agricultural disaster risk zones for future climate actions. PLoS One. 2021;16(12):e0260430. Published 2021 Dec 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0260430
35. Matthews TK, Wilby RL, Murphy C. Communicating the deadly consequences of global warming for human heat stress. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2017;114(15):3861-3866. doi:10.1073/pnas.1617526114
36. Ratnam JV, Behera SK, Ratna SB, Rajeevan M, Yamagata T. Anatomy of Indian heatwaves. Sci Rep. 2016;6:24395. Published 2016 Apr 15. doi:10.1038/srep24395
37. Sharma S, Mujumdar P. Increasing frequency and spatial extent of concurrent meteorological droughts and heatwaves in India. Sci Rep. 2017;7(1):15582. Published 2017 Nov 14. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-15896-3
38. Kumar S, Chakraborty A, Chandrakar R, Kumar A, Sadhukhan B, Roy Chowdhury R. Analysis of marine heatwaves over the Bay of Bengal during 1982-2021 [published correction appears in Sci Rep. 2023 Sep 21;13(1):15716. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-431011]. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14235. Published 2023 Aug 30. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-39884-y
39. Ratnam JV, Behera SK, Nonaka M, Martineau P, Patil KR. Predicting maximum temperatures over India 10-days ahead using machine learning models. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):17208. Published 2023 Oct 11. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-44286-1
40. Khan A, Santamouris M. On the local warming potential of urban rooftop photovoltaic solar panels in cities. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):15623. Published 2023 Sep 20. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-40280-9
41. Sverdlik A, Kothiwal K, Kadungure A, et al. Understanding the interplay of occupational, public health, and climate-related risks for informal workers: A new framework with findings from Zimbabwe and India. Soc Sci Med. 2024;348:116750. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116750
42. Perkins SE, Alexander LV, Nairn JR. Increasing frequency, intensity and duration of observed global heatwaves and warm spells. Geophysical Research Letters. 2012;39(20). doi:https://doi.org/10.1029/2012gl053361
43. T, A., AchutaRao, K. & Sagar, A.D. Climate science to inform adaptation policy: Heat waves over India in the 1.5°C and 2°C warmer worlds. Climatic Change 176, 64 (2023).
44. K Koteswara Rao et al 2023 Environ. Res.: Climate 2 015002DOI 10.1088/27525295/acb077
45. Goyal MK, Singh S, Jain V. Heat waves characteristics intensification across Indian smart cities. Sci Rep. 2023;13(1):14786. Published 2023 Sep 7. doi:10.1038/s41598-023-419688
46. Mukherjee S, Mishra V. A sixfold rise in concurrent day and night-time heatwaves in India under 2 °C warming. Sci Rep. 2018;8(1):16922. Published 2018 Nov 16. doi:10.1038/s41598-018-35348-w
47. Oliver, S.L., Santana, K.V. & Ribeiro, H. The Effect of Sunlight Exposure on Vitamin D Status in Countries of Low and High Latitudes: A Systematic Literature Review. Curr Nutr Rep 12, 1–13 (2023).
48. Savioli G, Zanza C, Longhitano Y, et al. Heat-Related Illness in Emergency and Critical Care: Recommendations for Recognition and Management with Medico-Legal Considerations. Biomedicines. 2022;10(10):2542. Published 2022 Oct 12. doi:10.3390/biomedicines10102542
49. Nichols AW. Heat-related illness in sports and exercise. Curr Rev Musculoskelet Med. 2014;7(4):355-365. doi:10.1007/s12178-014-9240-0
50. Bell ML, Gasparrini A, Benjamin GC. Climate Change, Extreme Heat, and Health. N Engl J Med. 2024;390(19):1793-1801. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2210769
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Dec 11, 2024
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Prachi Sutaria, Dr. Shweta Paroha, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). THE IMPACT OF SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ON HUMAN HEALTH IN INDIA OVER A DECADE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 1180-1191. https://doi.org/10.53555/x5413q73
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Author Biographies
Prachi Sutaria
Student, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
Dr. Shweta Paroha
Associate Professor, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
Dr. Pragnesh Patani
Principal, Khyati College of Pharmacy, Palodia, Ahmedabad
How to Cite
Prachi Sutaria, Dr. Shweta Paroha, & Dr. Pragnesh Patani. (2024). THE IMPACT OF SUNLIGHT EXPOSURE AND ELEVATED TEMPERATURES ON HUMAN HEALTH IN INDIA OVER A DECADE: A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(11), 1180-1191. https://doi.org/10.53555/x5413q73