A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ONDANSETRON WITH ONDANSETRON AND DEXAMETHASONE IN PREVENTION OF POSTOPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING (PONV) IN LAPAROSCOPIC SURGERIES
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Keywords
Ondansetron, Dexamethasone, PONV
Abstract
Background: Post-operative nausea and vomiting is the second most common symptom following surgeries and the incidence of PONV (Post-operative Nausea and Vomiting) is as high as 50-70% following laparoscopic surgeries. The combination of serotonin receptor antagonist ondansetron with dexamethasone given as prophylaxis has been proved efficacious in the prevention of PONV.
Aims and Objectives: To compare the efficacy of ondansetron alone with the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting following elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia.
Methods: We randomly divided 80 patients undergoing elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia into two groups, with each group consisting of 40 patients with ASA I–II physical status. Group A received intravenous 4 mg ondansetron diluted in 4 ml normal saline and injected at the time of induction; group B was given a combination of intravenous 4 mg ondansetron and 8 mg dexamethasone by the same route. Both the groups were compared with respect to all these parameters.
Results: Postoperatively, 40% of patients in group A showed early nausea compared to 25% in group B. A significant reduction in the incidence of delayed nausea and delayed vomiting was observed with the addition of dexamethasone. A complete response was seen in 57.5% of the cases in the ondansetron group and 75% in the ondansetron and dexamethasone groups. Mean discharge times from the recovery room were comparable in both groups.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the combination of ondansetron and dexamethasone is superior to ondansetron alone in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in elective laparoscopic surgeries under general anaesthesia.
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Dr. Poornima H.P.
Consultant Anaesthesiologist, Manipal Hospital, Hebbal, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Dr. M.R. Chandrashekar
Senior Consultant, DNB coordinator, Thesis guide, Mallya hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
Dr. Nandyala Vineela Reddy
Consultant Anaesthesiologist, Rainbow Children’s Hospital, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.