ASSESSING POSTOPERATIVE OUTCOMES OF HEMIARTHROPLASTY IN FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE PATENTS: CLINICAL FINDINGS FROM A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, UTTAR PRADESH

Abstract

Introduction: The choice of surgical intervention in femoral neck fractures has evolved over the years, with hemiarthroplasty emerging as a favorable option, especially for older patients who are often non-ambulatory or have multiple comorbidities. Despite the advantages of hemiarthroplasty, postoperative outcomes can vary significantly among patients. Factors such as patient age, preexisting health conditions, type of implant used, and rehabilitation protocols contribute to this variability.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in which a total of 58 patients underwent hemiarthroplasty for acute femoral neck fractures during the study period. The surgical approach was determined by the operating surgeon's preference, with either a posterior or lateral approach utilized. Patients were monitored regularly to assess postoperative complications, including dislocation, periprosthetic infection, and sciatic nerve palsy. The functional status of each patient was evaluated using the Harris Hip Score to determine the clinical outcomes of hemiarthroplasty. Results : The surgical approaches used in the study included the posterior approach for 38 patients (65.6%) and the lateral approach for 20 patients (34.4%). In the immediate postoperative period, complications were observed in 6 patients, resulting in an overall complication rate of about 10.33%. This included 4 cases of superficial infections, 1 case of systemic infection and 1 mortality. The late complication rate observed was approximately 20.6%. In our study, the total Harris hip score at the end of 1 year ranged from 24 to 100. Thus, 55.2% had excellent results, 27.5 % had good results, 10.4 % had fair results, and 6.9% of the patients had poor results.

Conclusion: Findings indicate that while this surgical approach can lead to significant improvements in pain relief and functional outcomes, postoperative complications remain a concern that warrants attention. The assessment of demographic factors and comorbidities underscores the need for tailored treatment protocols to optimize recovery.