TO STUDY THE CLINICAL CORRELATION OF MALE INFERTILITY WITH BACTERIAL INFECTION
Main Article Content
Keywords
Correlation, Semen analysis, Infertility, UTI, Antibiotic susceptibility testing, CLSI
Abstract
Introduction: In India, infertility has become a severe emotional and social issue. Infertility can cause painful emotional experiences throughout the life mainly known as quality of life impairment. Infections account for up to 15% of male infertility cases. Male urogenital tract infection (UTI) is one of the leading causes of male infertility, as bacteria in semen samples can lower sperm quality.
Aim and Objective: A study on the Semen Analysis and its Bacteriological Profile in Infertile Males at a Tertiary Care centre.
Material and Methods: This was a Cross-sectional study carried out in the Department of Pathology and the Microbiology Department at a tertiary care centre for a period of 1 year i.e, July 2023 to July 2024. A total of 312 semen samples were collected, after informed written consent, from married males with the complaint infertility. Semen analysis was carried out according to the WHO guidelines. The specimens were processed as per the latest CLSI guidelines 2023 for isolation and identification of the organisms, followed by Antibiotic susceptibility testing.
Results: In the present study a total of 312 semen samples were screened out of which 86 (27.5%) showed significant bacterial growth i.e. ≥ 103 bacteria/ml of semen ejaculate. The maximum number of cases was found in the age group of 26-30 years (48.8%) followed by 31-35 (26.7%) and least in the age group of 20-25 years of age (4.6%). In our study 58 (18.5%) isolates were from the Gram positive cocci (GPC) and 26 (8.3%) isolates were from the Gram negative bacilli (GNB). In the present study it was observed that the commonest isolate was the Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus species (7.6%) followed by Enterococcus species (6%), Staphylococcus aureus with 3.2% and least for Streptococcus species with 1.6 %.
In case of GNB the maximum isolates was from E.coli with 5.4% followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2.8%).
It was found that all the GPC isolates, were sensitive to Linezolid, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin, and most of them were sensitive to Nitrofurantoin.
Among the GNB isolated, most were sensitive to Amikacin and Piperacillin- Tazobactum The maximum number of cases recorded was from the Oligozoospermia and least from Azospermia.
Conclusion: There should be routine awareness programs for testing the bacteriological profile of infertile males' sperm and studying their antibiotic susceptibility pattern to control infection, as bacteria can affect the quality of sperm because infections have been shown to have a negative impact on semen parameters.
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Ajay Narang
Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Rama Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Mandhana, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
Ramis Khan
Assistant Professor, Department of Pathology, KMC Medical College and Hospital, Maharajganj, India
Nisha
Consultant Pathologist, Fortis Jaipur, India.
Sania Zahra Rizvi
Attending Consultant, Epitome Urology and Kidney Institute, Max Lab, India
Mohd Afzal
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Madhav Prasad Tripathi Medical College, Siddharthnagar, India