UNVEILING INNOVATIONS: THE SPECTRUM OF DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN BREAST CANCER SUBTYPES
Main Article Content
Keywords
Breast Cancer, Drug Development, Nanoparticles
Abstract
Recent years have seen several promising developments in improving our knowledge of molecular pathways of the development of cancer. These advancements have made it possible to identify potential novel objectives for cancer treatment. In Females, breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer. Growing comprehension of the physiological variability of BC has made it possible to create more specific and efficient treatment plans. In this review, we address the different newly developed innovative therapeutics for the main molecular subtypes of BC and provide an update on the current treatment approach. Included is a quick overview of the clinical development of immunological checkpoints, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, protein kinase B inhibitors, AKT blockers, cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6, and, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase for therapy of BC. Nevertheless, no specific medication has been authorized for the most severe subtype of triple-negative breast cancer. Therefore, we go over TNBC's heterogeneity and how molecular subtyping of TNBC could aid in developing new treatments for this most aggressive cancer of breast. The diagnosis and treatment of metastatic breast cancer are complicated by the heterogeneity of the tumor and a variety of physiological barriers that prevent drugs from reaching the metastatic areas. Few Nano formulated medications have been effectively introduced into clinical practice even though several have been developed and evaluated in preclinical trials as a means of overcoming these constraints. This review shows that, in comparison to traditional chemotherapy, Nano formulated albumin-bound paclitaxel has a better therapeutic index and significantly lower drug toxicity.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Anum Zufiqar
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Sameen Shahid
Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Afifa Afifa
Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Aneeqa Munawar
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Sadia Hussain
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Hafsa Butt
Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheres, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Hira Ahsaan Ullah
Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheres, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Mahnoor Yamin
Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheres, Faculty of Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Dr Maryam Zain
Associate professor, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, The Women University Multan, Pakistan