REVIEW ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAIN RELEASE TABLET USING NATURAL POLYMER
Main Article Content
Keywords
Sustained release tablets, natural polymers, drug delivery, chitosan, guar gum, xanthan gum, formulation methods, evaluation tests, controlled release
Abstract
The review focuses on the formulation and evaluation of sustained release tablets using natural polymers. The sustained release (SR) dosage forms are designed to release drugs over extended periods, improving therapeutic efficacy and patient compliance. The paper discusses the advantages and limitations of sustained release tablets, methods of preparation, and various natural polymers used in these formulations. Natural polymers such as chitosan, starch, cellulose, xanthan gum, guar gum, locust bean gum, and gum karaya have been highlighted for their roles in enhancing drug release profiles. The review also covers evaluation tests for sustained release tablets, including thickness, diameter, weight variation, hardness, friability, content uniformity, and in-vitro dissolution tests. The findings indicate that sustained release tablets, particularly those using natural polymers, offer significant benefits over conventional dosage forms in terms of controlled drug delivery and patient adherence.
References
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4. Longer MA, Ch'Ng HS, Robinson JR. Bioadhesive polymers as platforms for oral controlled drug delivery III: oral delivery of chlorothiazide using a bioadhesive polymer.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 1985 Apr 1;74(4):406-11.
5. Jantzen GM and Robinson JR.Sustained and Controlled- Release Drug Delivery systems.Modern Pharmaceutics.1995; 121(4): 501-502.
6. Altaf SA, Friend DR.MASRx and COSRx sustained-release technology.In Modified-Release Drug Delivery Technology 2002 Nov 7 (pp. 45-58).CRC Press.
7. Rajeswari K, Bada P K. A detailed description of synthetic and natural polymers which are used in the formulation of sustained release drug delivery system: A review. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2013; 6 (3): 161-169.
8. Vinod KR, Vasa S, Sandhya S. Emerging trends in pharmaceutical polymers.Pharm Lett.2010;2(1):172-80.
9. Evans WC. Trease and Evans' pharmacognosy. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009 May 27.
10. Uhrich KE, Cannizzaro SM, Langer RS, Shakesheff KM.Polymeric systems for controlled drug release.Chemical reviews. 1999 Nov 10;99(11):3181-98.
11. Saurabh D B, Ekta K, Sunita S. Natural polymers: As pharmaceutical excipients and heir applications in different pharmaceutical formulations – A review. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2015; 4 (6): 626-644.
12. Kulkarni Vishakha S, Butte Kishor D, Rathod Sudha S. Natural polymers–A comprehensive review.Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed.Sci. 2012 Oct;3(4):1597-613.
13. Joshi JR, Patel RP.Role of biodegradable polymers in drug delivery. Int J Curr Pharm Res. 2012;4(4):74-81.
14. Benabid FZ, Zouai F. Natural polymers: Cellulose, chitin, chitosan, gelatin, starch, carrageenan, xylan and dextran.Algerian Journal of Natural Products. 2016;4(3):348-57.
15. Kumar P, Kumar B, Gihar S, Kumar D. Review on emerging trends and challenges in the modification of xanthan gum for various applications.Carbohydrate Research. 2024 Mar 5:109070.
16. Shanmugam S, Manavalan R, Venkappayya D, Sundaramoorthy K. Natural polymers and their applications. Natural Product Radiance 2005; 4 (6): 478-481.
17. Afrasim Moin and HG Shivakumar. Formulation of Sustained-Release Diltiazem Matrix Tablets Using Hydrophilic Gum Blends. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research June 2010; 9 (3): 283-291.
18. Deshmukh VN, Singh SP, Sakarkar DM. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release metoprolol succinate tablet using hydrophilic gums as release modifiers. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res. 2009 Apr;1(2):159-63.
19. Peter FK, Alistair MS, Shirley CC. Molecular Structures Of Gum Exudates From Hakea Species. Phytochemistry 1999; 34(3):709-713.
20. Mali YN, Pawar SP, Gujarathi NA, Rane BR, Bakliwal SR. Applications of natural polymers in sustained release drug delivery system: a review. Pharma Science Monitor. 2012 Dec 1;3(4).
21. Prakash P, Porwal M, Saxena A. Role of natural polymers in sustained release drug delivery system: application and recent approaches.Int Res J of Pharmacy. 2011;2(9):6-11.
22. Prakash D, Kumar R. A review on natural polymer locust bean gum.World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences.2023;13(1):277-86.
23. Attwood D, Miyazaki S, Kawasaki N, Kubo W, Endo K. Comparison of in situ-gelling formulations for the oral delivery of cimetidine. Int J Pharm 2001; 220:161-8
24. Gandhi A., Kumar SL., Recent Trends in Sustained Release Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 2014;1:122-134.
25. Gadekar Madhuri Rajendra, Barge Vijaya, Sheshrao Nitin Neharkar.A review on sustained release drug delivery system.IJCRT, 2021; Volume 9, Issue 5: 242-252.
26. Semwal A., Singh R., Kakar S., Drug Release Characteristics of Dosage Forms: A Review, Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014;332-336.
27. Jalwal Pawan, Singh Balvinder and Singh Surender.A comprehensive review on sustained release drug delivery systems. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(1): 349-352
28. Oliphant CM, Green GM. Quinolones: a comprehensive review.American family physician. 2002 Feb 1;65(3):455-65.
29. Ace Jr LN.Pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems.American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 2001 Apr 1;65(1):104.
30. Sansom LN.Oral extended-release products.Australian prescriber.1999 Aug 1; 22(4)
31. Chien YW, Lin S, Swarbrick J & Boylan J; Drug Delivery- Controlled Release In “Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical technology”; New York, second edition; vol-I; Ed. Marcel Dekker; 2002: p. 811-826.
32. Vyas SP, Khar RK.Controlled Drug Delivery Concepts and Advances.1 st ed. New Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 2010, p. 1-12.
33. Kamboj S, Gupta GD. Matrix Tablets: An Important Tool for Oral Controlled-Release Dosage Forms, 2009; 7(6):1-9.
34. Misal R, Atish W, Aqueel S. Matrix tablets: A promising Technique for controlled drug delivery. Indo Am. J. Pharm. Res. 2013; 3(5):3791–805.
35. Lachman L, Liberman HA, Kanig JL.The Theory and practice of industrial pharmacy. 3ed ed. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1989.pp. 318- 320.
36. Misal R, Atish W, Aqueel S. Matrix tablets: A promising technique for controlled drug delivery. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical, 2013; 3: 791–805.
37. Shah N, Oza C, Trivedi S, Shah N, Shah S. Review on sustained release matrix tablets: An approach to prolong the release of drug. J Pharm Sci Bio Sci Res. 2015;5(3):315-21.
38. Zalte H.D., Sauddagar R.B., Review on sustained release matrix tablet, International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological sciences, vol 3(4),Oct- Dec,2013,17-29.
39. Venkateswarlu K, ShanthI A. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release glipizide matrix. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2012; 2: 17-23.
40. Singh S, Virmani T, Virmani R, Kumar P, Mahlawat G. Fast dissolving drug delivery systems: formulation, preparation techniques and evaluation. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2018; 3(4): 56-64.
41. Andrew EC, Grace EA, Salome CA, Elochukwu UC, Izuchukwu BC, Ejiofor UK, Lorrita CC, Godswill O.Evaluation of Metronidazole Tablets Formulated With Different Disintegrants Using Moisture Activated Dry Granulation (MADG).Mathews Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2023 Apr 3;7(2):1-9.
42. Ali A, Alsaifi A. Quality control assessment of different brands of ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablets in Yemen. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2018; 3(4): 29-33.
43. Shraddha Pawan Pareek et al, Review on Sustained Release Technology, Journal of pharmaceutical and biological Science Archive 2019 vol.7(6), 29-38.
44. Buddhadev SS, Garala KC, Buddhadev S. Formulation And Evaluation Of Sustain Release Matrix Based Tablet Of Ketorolac Tromethamine Using Tamarind Gum And Tapioca Starch Natural Polymers As Release Modifiers. Educational Administration: Theory And Practice. 2024 May 30;30(6 (S)):144-54.
45. Yadav NK, Gupta N, Jain UK.Formulation and evaluation of sustained release floating tablets of venlafaxine using natural polymers.Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2024 Jun 15;14(6):125-30.
46. Manyam SS, Arumilli S, Pakalapati P, Sarella PN.Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Atorvastatin Tablets Using Natural Polymers, with a Focus on Okra Gum.IJPSM, October- 2023, Vol.8 Issue.10, pg. 11-22.
47. Purohit D, Gupta MK, Meher CP, Shukla A, Kumar A. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release tablets of propranolol hydrochloride.International Journal of Health Sciences. 2022, (I):6233-40.
48. Jain N, Banveer J. Formulation, development and evaluation of gastroretentive sustained release tablets of lansoprazole using natural polymer.Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021 Nov 21;11(5-S):108-12.
49. Ramteke KH, Ghadge DE, Palve SA, Gaikwad SS. Design, Development and Optimization of Glibenclamide Sustained Release Matrix Tablet by Using Natural Polymers. Current Applied Polymer Science. 2019; 3:197-211.
2. Wilde C, Awad M, Dua H, Gandhewar R, Chen HC, Amoaku WM. Epiretinal membrane surgery outcomes in eyes with subretinal drusenoid deposits: a case control study.Ophthalmology Retina. 2018 Dec 1;2(12):1218-26.
3. Souery WN, Bishop CJ. Clinically advancing and promising polymer-based therapeutics. Acta biomaterialia. 2018 Feb 1;67:1-20.
4. Longer MA, Ch'Ng HS, Robinson JR. Bioadhesive polymers as platforms for oral controlled drug delivery III: oral delivery of chlorothiazide using a bioadhesive polymer.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences. 1985 Apr 1;74(4):406-11.
5. Jantzen GM and Robinson JR.Sustained and Controlled- Release Drug Delivery systems.Modern Pharmaceutics.1995; 121(4): 501-502.
6. Altaf SA, Friend DR.MASRx and COSRx sustained-release technology.In Modified-Release Drug Delivery Technology 2002 Nov 7 (pp. 45-58).CRC Press.
7. Rajeswari K, Bada P K. A detailed description of synthetic and natural polymers which are used in the formulation of sustained release drug delivery system: A review. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 2013; 6 (3): 161-169.
8. Vinod KR, Vasa S, Sandhya S. Emerging trends in pharmaceutical polymers.Pharm Lett.2010;2(1):172-80.
9. Evans WC. Trease and Evans' pharmacognosy. Elsevier Health Sciences; 2009 May 27.
10. Uhrich KE, Cannizzaro SM, Langer RS, Shakesheff KM.Polymeric systems for controlled drug release.Chemical reviews. 1999 Nov 10;99(11):3181-98.
11. Saurabh D B, Ekta K, Sunita S. Natural polymers: As pharmaceutical excipients and heir applications in different pharmaceutical formulations – A review. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2015; 4 (6): 626-644.
12. Kulkarni Vishakha S, Butte Kishor D, Rathod Sudha S. Natural polymers–A comprehensive review.Int. J. Res. Pharm. Biomed.Sci. 2012 Oct;3(4):1597-613.
13. Joshi JR, Patel RP.Role of biodegradable polymers in drug delivery. Int J Curr Pharm Res. 2012;4(4):74-81.
14. Benabid FZ, Zouai F. Natural polymers: Cellulose, chitin, chitosan, gelatin, starch, carrageenan, xylan and dextran.Algerian Journal of Natural Products. 2016;4(3):348-57.
15. Kumar P, Kumar B, Gihar S, Kumar D. Review on emerging trends and challenges in the modification of xanthan gum for various applications.Carbohydrate Research. 2024 Mar 5:109070.
16. Shanmugam S, Manavalan R, Venkappayya D, Sundaramoorthy K. Natural polymers and their applications. Natural Product Radiance 2005; 4 (6): 478-481.
17. Afrasim Moin and HG Shivakumar. Formulation of Sustained-Release Diltiazem Matrix Tablets Using Hydrophilic Gum Blends. Tropical Journal of Pharmaceutical Research June 2010; 9 (3): 283-291.
18. Deshmukh VN, Singh SP, Sakarkar DM. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release metoprolol succinate tablet using hydrophilic gums as release modifiers. Int. J. Pharm. Tech. Res. 2009 Apr;1(2):159-63.
19. Peter FK, Alistair MS, Shirley CC. Molecular Structures Of Gum Exudates From Hakea Species. Phytochemistry 1999; 34(3):709-713.
20. Mali YN, Pawar SP, Gujarathi NA, Rane BR, Bakliwal SR. Applications of natural polymers in sustained release drug delivery system: a review. Pharma Science Monitor. 2012 Dec 1;3(4).
21. Prakash P, Porwal M, Saxena A. Role of natural polymers in sustained release drug delivery system: application and recent approaches.Int Res J of Pharmacy. 2011;2(9):6-11.
22. Prakash D, Kumar R. A review on natural polymer locust bean gum.World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences.2023;13(1):277-86.
23. Attwood D, Miyazaki S, Kawasaki N, Kubo W, Endo K. Comparison of in situ-gelling formulations for the oral delivery of cimetidine. Int J Pharm 2001; 220:161-8
24. Gandhi A., Kumar SL., Recent Trends in Sustained Release Drug Delivery System, International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 2014;1:122-134.
25. Gadekar Madhuri Rajendra, Barge Vijaya, Sheshrao Nitin Neharkar.A review on sustained release drug delivery system.IJCRT, 2021; Volume 9, Issue 5: 242-252.
26. Semwal A., Singh R., Kakar S., Drug Release Characteristics of Dosage Forms: A Review, Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2014;332-336.
27. Jalwal Pawan, Singh Balvinder and Singh Surender.A comprehensive review on sustained release drug delivery systems. The Pharma Innovation Journal 2018; 7(1): 349-352
28. Oliphant CM, Green GM. Quinolones: a comprehensive review.American family physician. 2002 Feb 1;65(3):455-65.
29. Ace Jr LN.Pharmaceutical dosage forms and drug delivery systems.American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education. 2001 Apr 1;65(1):104.
30. Sansom LN.Oral extended-release products.Australian prescriber.1999 Aug 1; 22(4)
31. Chien YW, Lin S, Swarbrick J & Boylan J; Drug Delivery- Controlled Release In “Encyclopedia of Pharmaceutical technology”; New York, second edition; vol-I; Ed. Marcel Dekker; 2002: p. 811-826.
32. Vyas SP, Khar RK.Controlled Drug Delivery Concepts and Advances.1 st ed. New Delhi: Vallabh Prakashan; 2010, p. 1-12.
33. Kamboj S, Gupta GD. Matrix Tablets: An Important Tool for Oral Controlled-Release Dosage Forms, 2009; 7(6):1-9.
34. Misal R, Atish W, Aqueel S. Matrix tablets: A promising Technique for controlled drug delivery. Indo Am. J. Pharm. Res. 2013; 3(5):3791–805.
35. Lachman L, Liberman HA, Kanig JL.The Theory and practice of industrial pharmacy. 3ed ed. Philadelphia: Lea and Febiger; 1989.pp. 318- 320.
36. Misal R, Atish W, Aqueel S. Matrix tablets: A promising technique for controlled drug delivery. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical, 2013; 3: 791–805.
37. Shah N, Oza C, Trivedi S, Shah N, Shah S. Review on sustained release matrix tablets: An approach to prolong the release of drug. J Pharm Sci Bio Sci Res. 2015;5(3):315-21.
38. Zalte H.D., Sauddagar R.B., Review on sustained release matrix tablet, International Journal of Pharmacy and Biological sciences, vol 3(4),Oct- Dec,2013,17-29.
39. Venkateswarlu K, ShanthI A. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release glipizide matrix. IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences, 2012; 2: 17-23.
40. Singh S, Virmani T, Virmani R, Kumar P, Mahlawat G. Fast dissolving drug delivery systems: formulation, preparation techniques and evaluation. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2018; 3(4): 56-64.
41. Andrew EC, Grace EA, Salome CA, Elochukwu UC, Izuchukwu BC, Ejiofor UK, Lorrita CC, Godswill O.Evaluation of Metronidazole Tablets Formulated With Different Disintegrants Using Moisture Activated Dry Granulation (MADG).Mathews Journal of Pharmaceutical Science. 2023 Apr 3;7(2):1-9.
42. Ali A, Alsaifi A. Quality control assessment of different brands of ciprofloxacin 500 mg tablets in Yemen. Universal Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 2018; 3(4): 29-33.
43. Shraddha Pawan Pareek et al, Review on Sustained Release Technology, Journal of pharmaceutical and biological Science Archive 2019 vol.7(6), 29-38.
44. Buddhadev SS, Garala KC, Buddhadev S. Formulation And Evaluation Of Sustain Release Matrix Based Tablet Of Ketorolac Tromethamine Using Tamarind Gum And Tapioca Starch Natural Polymers As Release Modifiers. Educational Administration: Theory And Practice. 2024 May 30;30(6 (S)):144-54.
45. Yadav NK, Gupta N, Jain UK.Formulation and evaluation of sustained release floating tablets of venlafaxine using natural polymers.Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2024 Jun 15;14(6):125-30.
46. Manyam SS, Arumilli S, Pakalapati P, Sarella PN.Formulation and Evaluation of Sustained Release Atorvastatin Tablets Using Natural Polymers, with a Focus on Okra Gum.IJPSM, October- 2023, Vol.8 Issue.10, pg. 11-22.
47. Purohit D, Gupta MK, Meher CP, Shukla A, Kumar A. Formulation and evaluation of sustained release tablets of propranolol hydrochloride.International Journal of Health Sciences. 2022, (I):6233-40.
48. Jain N, Banveer J. Formulation, development and evaluation of gastroretentive sustained release tablets of lansoprazole using natural polymer.Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. 2021 Nov 21;11(5-S):108-12.
49. Ramteke KH, Ghadge DE, Palve SA, Gaikwad SS. Design, Development and Optimization of Glibenclamide Sustained Release Matrix Tablet by Using Natural Polymers. Current Applied Polymer Science. 2019; 3:197-211.
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Jul 10, 2022
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Gunjan Singh, Narendra Gehalot, & Vikas Jain. (2022). REVIEW ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAIN RELEASE TABLET USING NATURAL POLYMER. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(03), 1944-1951. https://doi.org/10.53555/0qj8ve24
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Author Biographies
Gunjan Singh
Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies
Narendra Gehalot
Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies
Vikas Jain
Mahakal Institute of Pharmaceutical Studies
How to Cite
Gunjan Singh, Narendra Gehalot, & Vikas Jain. (2022). REVIEW ON FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF SUSTAIN RELEASE TABLET USING NATURAL POLYMER. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 29(03), 1944-1951. https://doi.org/10.53555/0qj8ve24