MIND-BODY SYNERGY; ADVANCING CHRONIC ILLNESS MANAGEMENT WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL INSIGHTS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Mind-body synergy, Chronic illness management, Psychological insights, Mental health in chronic disease, Psychosomatic medicine
Abstract
The phenomenon of mind-body synergy, which offers a comprehensive strategy that combines psychological and medical care, has attracted a lot of interest in the management of chronic illnesses. The analysis delves into the significant influence of psychological therapies on the outcomes of chronic illnesses, highlighting the mutual relationship between mental and physical health. Emotional difficulties like stress, worry, and depression are frequently present in people with chronic diseases including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and autoimmune disorders. These difficulties can accelerate the course of the disease and make recovery more difficult. Psychological insights have the potential to improve patients' resilience, quality of life, and health outcomes. This is especially true when applied to practices like stress management, mindfulness, and cognitive-behavioral therapy.
This investigation explores evidence-based tactics that use the mind-body link to better treat patients, lessen the total cost of healthcare, and increase adherence to prescribed medications. To advance patient-centered care, mental and physical health must work together, underscoring the need for multidisciplinary methods that coordinate psychological and medical therapies in the management of chronic illnesses.
The paper delves into the future directions of research, clinical applications, and policy changes. It emphasizes the significance of psychological insights in forming more complete and successful models of chronic care.
References
1. Andersen, A. H., Assing Hvidt, E., Huniche, L., Hvidt, N. C., & Roessler, K. K. (2021). Why do we suffer? Existential challenges of patients with chronic illness: A Kierkegaardian inspired interpretative phenomenological analysis. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 00221678211002439.
2. Augusta Quist Møller, S. A., Shapiro, S. L., & Sami, S. (2019). Health benefits of (mindful) self-compassion meditation and the potential complementarity to mindfulness-based interventions: A review of randomized controlled trials. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 4(1), 1-20.
3. Barrett, M., Boyne, J., Brandts, J., Brunner-La Rocca, H. P., De Maesschalck, L., De Wit, K., ... & Zippel-Schultz, B. (2019). Artificial intelligence supported patient self-care in chronic heart failure: a paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive and personalized care. EPMA Journal, 10, 445-464.
4. Berntsen, G., Høyem, A., Lettrem, I., Ruland, C., Rumpsfeld, M., & Gammon, D. (2018). A person-centered integrated care quality framework, based on a qualitative study of patients’ evaluation of care in light of chronic care ideals. BMC health services research, 18, 1-15.
5. Bodini, L., Bonetto, C., Colombi, M., Barbieri, N., Van Bortel, T., & Lasalvia, A. (2024). Is self-compassion associated with lower psychological distress in people with long-term COVID-19? Results from a cross-sectional survey. Cogent Psychology, 11(1), 2351151.
6. Bolmsjö, I., Tengland, P. A., & Rämgård, M. (2019). Existential loneliness: An attempt at an analysis of the concept and the phenomenon. Nursing ethics, 26(5), 1310-1325.
7. Bolton, L. E., Seymour, J., & Gardiner, C. (2022). Existential suffering in the day-to-day lives of those living with palliative care needs arising from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A systematic integrative literature review. Palliative Medicine, 36(4), 567-580.
8. Cantú, A. (2023). Toward a Descriptive Problem-Based Taxonomy for Mental Health: A Nonmedicalized Way Out of the Biomedical Model. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 00221678231167612.
9. Cherkin, D. C., Sherman, K. J., Balderson, B. H., Cook, A. J., Anderson, M. L., Hawkes, R. J., ... & Turner, J. A. (2016). Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive behavioral therapy or usual care on back pain and functional limitations in adults with chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 315(12), 1240-1249.
10. Clark, N. M. (2003). Management of chronic disease by patients. Annual Review of Public Health, 24(1), 289-313.
11. Clarke, D. M., & Kissane, D. W. (2002). Demoralization: its phenomenology and importance. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36(6), 733-742.
12. Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual review of clinical psychology, 8(1), 455-480.
13. Cromwell, H. C., Abe, N., Barrett, K. C., Caldwell-Harris, C., Gendolla, G. H., Koncz, R., & Sachdev, P. S. (2020). Mapping the interconnected neural systems underlying motivation and emotion: A key step toward understanding the human affection. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 113, 204-226.
14. Davis, M., Balasubramanian, B. A., Waller, E., Miller, B. F., Green, L. A., & Cohen, D. J. (2013). Integrating behavioral and physical health care in the real world: early lessons from advancing care together. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 26(5), 588-602.
15. Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). The mental health consequences of COVID-19 and physical distancing: the need for prevention and early intervention. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(6), 817-818.
16. GNK, G., & Rao, G. N. (2024). Neuro Receptor Signal Detecting and Monitoring Smart Devices for Biological Changes in Cognitive Health Conditions. Annals of Neurosciences, 31(3).
17. Haslam, C., Jetten, J., Cruwys, T., Dingle, G., & Haslam, S. A. (2018). The new psychology of health: Unlocking the social cure. Routledge.
18. Hellström, C. (2001). Temporal dimensions of the self-concept: Entrapped and possible selves in chronic pain. Psychology and Health, 16(1), 111-124.
19. Hertwig, R., & Grüne-Yanoff, T. (2017). Nudging and boosting: Steering or empowering good decisions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(6), 973-986.
20. Hodzic, S., Scharfen, J., Ripoll, P., Holling, H., & Zenasni, F. (2018). How efficient are emotional intelligence pieces of training: A meta-analysis. Emotion Review, 10(2), 138-148.
21. Hyer, L., & Scott, C. (2014). Psychological problems at late life: Holistic care with treatment modules. Handbook of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings: Evidence-Based Assessment and Intervention, 261-290.
22. Jiakponna, E. C., Agbomola, J. O., Ipede, O., Karakitie, L. O., Ogunsina, A. J., & Adebayo, K. T. (2024). Psychosocial factors in chronic disease management: Implications for health psychology. Int J Sci Res Arch, 12(2), 117-128.
23. Kalariya, Y., Kumar, A., Ullah, A., Umair, A., Neha, F. N. U., Madhurita, F. N. U., ... & Khatri, M. (2023). Integrative medicine approaches: bridging the gap between conventional and renal complementary therapies. Cureus, 15(9).
24. Kawadler, J. M., Hemmings, N. R., Ponzo, S., Morelli, D., Bird, G., & Plans, D. (2020). Effectiveness of a smartphone app (BioBase) for reducing anxiety and increasing mental well-being: pilot feasibility and acceptability study. JMIR formative research, 4(11), e18067.
25. Kobau, R., Seligman, M. E., Peterson, C., Diener, E. D., Zack, M. M., Chapman, D., & Thompson, W. (2011). Mental health promotion in public health: Perspectives and strategies from positive psychology. American Journal of Public Health, 101(8), e1-e9.
26. LeMay, K., & Wilson, K. G. (2008). Treatment of existential distress in life-threatening illness: a review of manualized interventions. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(3), 472-493.
27. Mazzucchelli, T. G., Kane, R. T., & Rees, C. S. (2010). Behavioral activation interventions for well-being: A meta-analysis. The journal of positive psychology, 5(2), 105-121.
28. Megari, K. (2013). Quality of life in chronic disease patients. Health psychology research, 1(3).
29. Mehling, W. E., Wrubel, J., Daubenmier, J. J., Price, C. J., Kerr, C. E., Silow, T., ... & Stewart, A. L. (2011). Body Awareness: a phenomenological inquiry into the common ground of mind-body therapies. Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine, 6, 1-12.
30. Mian, M., Silfvast-Kaiser, A., Paek, S., Kivelevitch, D., & Menter, A. (2019). A review of the most common dermatologic conditions and their debilitating psychosocial impacts. Int. Arch. Int. Med, 3, 018.
31. Nahum-Shani, I., Smith, S. N., Spring, B. J., Collins, L. M., Witkiewitz, K., Tewari, A., & Murphy, S. A. (2018). Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) in mobile health: key components and design principles for ongoing health behavior support. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 1-17.
32. Neff, K. D., & Dahm, K. A. (2015). Self-compassion: What it is, what it does, and how it relates to mindfulness. Handbook of mindfulness and self-regulation, 121-137.
33. Novack, D. H. (1987). Therapeutic aspects of the clinical encounter. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2, 346-355.
34. Quoidbach, J., Mikolajczak, M., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Positive interventions: An emotion regulation perspective. Psychological bulletin, 141(3), 655.
35. Renoir, T., Hasebe, K., & Gray, L. (2013). Mind and body: how the health of the body impacts on neuropsychiatry. Frontiers in pharmacology, 4, 158.
36. Revenson, T. A., & DeLongis, A. (2011). Couples coping with chronic illness. The Oxford handbook of stress, health, and coping, 101-123.
37. Ridgeway, J. L., Egginton, J. S., Tiedje, K., Linzer, M., Boehm, D., Poplau, S., ... & Eton, D. T. (2014). Factors that lessen the burden of treatment in complex patients with chronic conditions: a qualitative study. Patient preference and adherence, 339-351.
38. Rolland, J. S. (2013). Families and chronic illness: An integrative model. In Handbook of Stress, Trauma, and the Family (pp. 89-115). Routledge.
39. Runyan, C. N. (2011). Psychology can be indispensable to health care reform and the patient-centered medical home. Psychological Services, 8(2), 53.
40. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The contours of positive human health. Psychological Inquiry, 9(1), 1-28.
41. Scholl, J. C. (2007). The use of humor to promote patient-centered care. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 35(2), 156-176.
42. Schwartz, S. M., Wildenhaus, K., Bucher, A., & Byrd, B. (2020). Digital twins and the emerging science of self: implications for digital health experience design and “small” data. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2, 31.
43. Seiler, A., & Jenewein, J. (2019). Resilience in cancer patients. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10, 208.
44. Singhania, K., & Reddy, A. (2024). Improving preventative care and health outcomes for patients with chronic diseases using big data-driven insights and predictive modeling. International Journal of Applied Health Care Analytics, 9(2), 1-14.
45. Stein, D. J., Shoptaw, S. J., Vigo, D. V., Lund, C., Cuijpers, P., Bantjes, J., ... & Maj, M. (2022). Psychiatric diagnosis and treatment in the 21st century: paradigm shifts versus incremental integration. World Psychiatry, 21(3), 393-414.
46. Straub, R. H. (2014). Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation. Arthritis research & therapy, 16, 1-15.
47. Sutipan, P., Intarakamhang, U., & Macaskill, A. (2017). The impact of positive psychological interventions on well-being in healthy elderly people. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18, 269-291.
48. Teymourian, H., Barfidokht, A., & Wang, J. (2020). Electrochemical glucose sensors in diabetes management: an updated review (2010–2020). Chemical Society Reviews, 49(21), 7671-7709.
49. Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-span perspective with emphasis on the separability of perceived and received support. Perspectives on psychological science, 4(3), 236-255.
50. Vos, J., Craig, M., & Cooper, M. (2015). Existential therapies: a meta-analysis of their effects on psychological outcomes. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 83(1), 115.
51. Westburg, N. G. (2003). Hope, laughter, and humor in residents and staff at an assisted living facility. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 25(1), 16-32.
52. Whittemore, R., & Dixon, J. (2008). Chronic illness: the process of integration. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(7b), 177-187.
2. Augusta Quist Møller, S. A., Shapiro, S. L., & Sami, S. (2019). Health benefits of (mindful) self-compassion meditation and the potential complementarity to mindfulness-based interventions: A review of randomized controlled trials. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 4(1), 1-20.
3. Barrett, M., Boyne, J., Brandts, J., Brunner-La Rocca, H. P., De Maesschalck, L., De Wit, K., ... & Zippel-Schultz, B. (2019). Artificial intelligence supported patient self-care in chronic heart failure: a paradigm shift from reactive to predictive, preventive and personalized care. EPMA Journal, 10, 445-464.
4. Berntsen, G., Høyem, A., Lettrem, I., Ruland, C., Rumpsfeld, M., & Gammon, D. (2018). A person-centered integrated care quality framework, based on a qualitative study of patients’ evaluation of care in light of chronic care ideals. BMC health services research, 18, 1-15.
5. Bodini, L., Bonetto, C., Colombi, M., Barbieri, N., Van Bortel, T., & Lasalvia, A. (2024). Is self-compassion associated with lower psychological distress in people with long-term COVID-19? Results from a cross-sectional survey. Cogent Psychology, 11(1), 2351151.
6. Bolmsjö, I., Tengland, P. A., & Rämgård, M. (2019). Existential loneliness: An attempt at an analysis of the concept and the phenomenon. Nursing ethics, 26(5), 1310-1325.
7. Bolton, L. E., Seymour, J., & Gardiner, C. (2022). Existential suffering in the day-to-day lives of those living with palliative care needs arising from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): A systematic integrative literature review. Palliative Medicine, 36(4), 567-580.
8. Cantú, A. (2023). Toward a Descriptive Problem-Based Taxonomy for Mental Health: A Nonmedicalized Way Out of the Biomedical Model. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 00221678231167612.
9. Cherkin, D. C., Sherman, K. J., Balderson, B. H., Cook, A. J., Anderson, M. L., Hawkes, R. J., ... & Turner, J. A. (2016). Effect of mindfulness-based stress reduction vs cognitive behavioral therapy or usual care on back pain and functional limitations in adults with chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial. Jama, 315(12), 1240-1249.
10. Clark, N. M. (2003). Management of chronic disease by patients. Annual Review of Public Health, 24(1), 289-313.
11. Clarke, D. M., & Kissane, D. W. (2002). Demoralization: its phenomenology and importance. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 36(6), 733-742.
12. Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Dunn, M. J., & Rodriguez, E. M. (2012). Coping with chronic illness in childhood and adolescence. Annual review of clinical psychology, 8(1), 455-480.
13. Cromwell, H. C., Abe, N., Barrett, K. C., Caldwell-Harris, C., Gendolla, G. H., Koncz, R., & Sachdev, P. S. (2020). Mapping the interconnected neural systems underlying motivation and emotion: A key step toward understanding the human affection. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 113, 204-226.
14. Davis, M., Balasubramanian, B. A., Waller, E., Miller, B. F., Green, L. A., & Cohen, D. J. (2013). Integrating behavioral and physical health care in the real world: early lessons from advancing care together. The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, 26(5), 588-602.
15. Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). The mental health consequences of COVID-19 and physical distancing: the need for prevention and early intervention. JAMA Internal Medicine, 180(6), 817-818.
16. GNK, G., & Rao, G. N. (2024). Neuro Receptor Signal Detecting and Monitoring Smart Devices for Biological Changes in Cognitive Health Conditions. Annals of Neurosciences, 31(3).
17. Haslam, C., Jetten, J., Cruwys, T., Dingle, G., & Haslam, S. A. (2018). The new psychology of health: Unlocking the social cure. Routledge.
18. Hellström, C. (2001). Temporal dimensions of the self-concept: Entrapped and possible selves in chronic pain. Psychology and Health, 16(1), 111-124.
19. Hertwig, R., & Grüne-Yanoff, T. (2017). Nudging and boosting: Steering or empowering good decisions. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(6), 973-986.
20. Hodzic, S., Scharfen, J., Ripoll, P., Holling, H., & Zenasni, F. (2018). How efficient are emotional intelligence pieces of training: A meta-analysis. Emotion Review, 10(2), 138-148.
21. Hyer, L., & Scott, C. (2014). Psychological problems at late life: Holistic care with treatment modules. Handbook of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings: Evidence-Based Assessment and Intervention, 261-290.
22. Jiakponna, E. C., Agbomola, J. O., Ipede, O., Karakitie, L. O., Ogunsina, A. J., & Adebayo, K. T. (2024). Psychosocial factors in chronic disease management: Implications for health psychology. Int J Sci Res Arch, 12(2), 117-128.
23. Kalariya, Y., Kumar, A., Ullah, A., Umair, A., Neha, F. N. U., Madhurita, F. N. U., ... & Khatri, M. (2023). Integrative medicine approaches: bridging the gap between conventional and renal complementary therapies. Cureus, 15(9).
24. Kawadler, J. M., Hemmings, N. R., Ponzo, S., Morelli, D., Bird, G., & Plans, D. (2020). Effectiveness of a smartphone app (BioBase) for reducing anxiety and increasing mental well-being: pilot feasibility and acceptability study. JMIR formative research, 4(11), e18067.
25. Kobau, R., Seligman, M. E., Peterson, C., Diener, E. D., Zack, M. M., Chapman, D., & Thompson, W. (2011). Mental health promotion in public health: Perspectives and strategies from positive psychology. American Journal of Public Health, 101(8), e1-e9.
26. LeMay, K., & Wilson, K. G. (2008). Treatment of existential distress in life-threatening illness: a review of manualized interventions. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(3), 472-493.
27. Mazzucchelli, T. G., Kane, R. T., & Rees, C. S. (2010). Behavioral activation interventions for well-being: A meta-analysis. The journal of positive psychology, 5(2), 105-121.
28. Megari, K. (2013). Quality of life in chronic disease patients. Health psychology research, 1(3).
29. Mehling, W. E., Wrubel, J., Daubenmier, J. J., Price, C. J., Kerr, C. E., Silow, T., ... & Stewart, A. L. (2011). Body Awareness: a phenomenological inquiry into the common ground of mind-body therapies. Philosophy, ethics, and humanities in medicine, 6, 1-12.
30. Mian, M., Silfvast-Kaiser, A., Paek, S., Kivelevitch, D., & Menter, A. (2019). A review of the most common dermatologic conditions and their debilitating psychosocial impacts. Int. Arch. Int. Med, 3, 018.
31. Nahum-Shani, I., Smith, S. N., Spring, B. J., Collins, L. M., Witkiewitz, K., Tewari, A., & Murphy, S. A. (2018). Just-in-time adaptive interventions (JITAIs) in mobile health: key components and design principles for ongoing health behavior support. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 1-17.
32. Neff, K. D., & Dahm, K. A. (2015). Self-compassion: What it is, what it does, and how it relates to mindfulness. Handbook of mindfulness and self-regulation, 121-137.
33. Novack, D. H. (1987). Therapeutic aspects of the clinical encounter. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2, 346-355.
34. Quoidbach, J., Mikolajczak, M., & Gross, J. J. (2015). Positive interventions: An emotion regulation perspective. Psychological bulletin, 141(3), 655.
35. Renoir, T., Hasebe, K., & Gray, L. (2013). Mind and body: how the health of the body impacts on neuropsychiatry. Frontiers in pharmacology, 4, 158.
36. Revenson, T. A., & DeLongis, A. (2011). Couples coping with chronic illness. The Oxford handbook of stress, health, and coping, 101-123.
37. Ridgeway, J. L., Egginton, J. S., Tiedje, K., Linzer, M., Boehm, D., Poplau, S., ... & Eton, D. T. (2014). Factors that lessen the burden of treatment in complex patients with chronic conditions: a qualitative study. Patient preference and adherence, 339-351.
38. Rolland, J. S. (2013). Families and chronic illness: An integrative model. In Handbook of Stress, Trauma, and the Family (pp. 89-115). Routledge.
39. Runyan, C. N. (2011). Psychology can be indispensable to health care reform and the patient-centered medical home. Psychological Services, 8(2), 53.
40. Ryff, C. D., & Singer, B. (1998). The contours of positive human health. Psychological Inquiry, 9(1), 1-28.
41. Scholl, J. C. (2007). The use of humor to promote patient-centered care. Journal of Applied Communication Research, 35(2), 156-176.
42. Schwartz, S. M., Wildenhaus, K., Bucher, A., & Byrd, B. (2020). Digital twins and the emerging science of self: implications for digital health experience design and “small” data. Frontiers in Computer Science, 2, 31.
43. Seiler, A., & Jenewein, J. (2019). Resilience in cancer patients. Frontiers in psychiatry, 10, 208.
44. Singhania, K., & Reddy, A. (2024). Improving preventative care and health outcomes for patients with chronic diseases using big data-driven insights and predictive modeling. International Journal of Applied Health Care Analytics, 9(2), 1-14.
45. Stein, D. J., Shoptaw, S. J., Vigo, D. V., Lund, C., Cuijpers, P., Bantjes, J., ... & Maj, M. (2022). Psychiatric diagnosis and treatment in the 21st century: paradigm shifts versus incremental integration. World Psychiatry, 21(3), 393-414.
46. Straub, R. H. (2014). Interaction of the endocrine system with inflammation: a function of energy and volume regulation. Arthritis research & therapy, 16, 1-15.
47. Sutipan, P., Intarakamhang, U., & Macaskill, A. (2017). The impact of positive psychological interventions on well-being in healthy elderly people. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18, 269-291.
48. Teymourian, H., Barfidokht, A., & Wang, J. (2020). Electrochemical glucose sensors in diabetes management: an updated review (2010–2020). Chemical Society Reviews, 49(21), 7671-7709.
49. Uchino, B. N. (2009). Understanding the links between social support and physical health: A life-span perspective with emphasis on the separability of perceived and received support. Perspectives on psychological science, 4(3), 236-255.
50. Vos, J., Craig, M., & Cooper, M. (2015). Existential therapies: a meta-analysis of their effects on psychological outcomes. Journal of consulting and clinical psychology, 83(1), 115.
51. Westburg, N. G. (2003). Hope, laughter, and humor in residents and staff at an assisted living facility. Journal of Mental Health Counseling, 25(1), 16-32.
52. Whittemore, R., & Dixon, J. (2008). Chronic illness: the process of integration. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 17(7b), 177-187.
Article Sidebar
Published
Sep 28, 2024
Article Details
How to Cite
Rabia Murtaza, Asif Ali Jauhar, Mehak Nazir, Muhammad Qasim, Komal Ijaz, & Norina khaliq. (2024). MIND-BODY SYNERGY; ADVANCING CHRONIC ILLNESS MANAGEMENT WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL INSIGHTS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 2048-2062. https://doi.org/10.53555/xa6dag18
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author Biographies
Rabia Murtaza
Department of Psychology, Institute of Southern Punjab Multan, Pakistan
Asif Ali Jauhar
Department of Psychology, Riphah International University Faisalabad, Punjab Pakistan
Mehak Nazir
Department of Applied Psychology, Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Pakistan
Muhammad Qasim
Department of Clinical Psychology, AAS Rehabilitation Centre Lahore, Pakistan
Komal Ijaz
Department Lahore School of Professional Studies, University of Lahore, Pakistan
Norina khaliq
Department of Applied Psychology, University of Sahiwal, Pakistan
How to Cite
Rabia Murtaza, Asif Ali Jauhar, Mehak Nazir, Muhammad Qasim, Komal Ijaz, & Norina khaliq. (2024). MIND-BODY SYNERGY; ADVANCING CHRONIC ILLNESS MANAGEMENT WITH PSYCHOLOGICAL INSIGHTS. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(9), 2048-2062. https://doi.org/10.53555/xa6dag18