LETHAL AND SUB-LETHAL EFFECTS OF BEAUVERIA BASSIANA ON MORTALITY AND BIOLOGY OF GRANARY WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS GRANARIUS)
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Keywords
Chickpea, Granary weevil, Beauveria bassiana, lethal effects, sub-lethal effects
Abstract
Granary weevil is a very serious pest of stored chickpeas and causes considerable damage, especially to stored grains. Presently, synthetic pesticides are used for its management which has environmental and health concerns. Present studies were conducted to evaluate non-chemical control tactics for the management of granary weevils using Beauveria basssiana. For this purpose, several experiments were conducted in the Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan under controlled laboratory conditions. Five different concentrations of B. bassiana i.e. 1×104, 1×105, 1×106, 1×107 and 1×108 were tested against granary weevil and data for survival rate was observed from day 1 to 21. A similar trend was observed in this case i.e. increase in mortality rate was observed along with an increase in the exposure time and dose. 50 percent mortality was recorded at the lowest concentration while it was 82 percent at the highest concentration. This indicates that 1×104 mg conidia/kg can help in reducing the population of S. granarius whereas, an increase in dose can raise the rate of reduction. For testing sub lethal effect of B. bassiana against granary weevil, five sub-lethal doses i.e., 1×101, 1×102, 1×103, 1×104 and 1×105 were again selected. The tested concentrations did not cause any lethal effect on the survival rate of granary weevil. The rise in dose, exposure time and temperature increase the insecticidal efficacy of B. bassiana against S. granarius under lab conditions. Additionally, sub-lethal concentrations of Beauveria bassiana were found to have indirect effects on weevils, including abnormal development and reproductive output. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into potential use of B. bassiana as a biocontrol agent against granary weevil, highlighting its effectiveness in reducing population of S. granarius and its potential as an environmental friendly alternative to pesticides.
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A. Batool
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
Mamoon-Ur-Rashid
Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan