ANTRAL ENDOCRINE CELL ALTERATIONS IN IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME: IMPLICATIONS FOR DYSPEPSIA AND GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX
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Keywords
Gastrin, Serotonin, Somatostatin, Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS),, Endocrine Cells
Abstract
This study investigates the antral endocrine cell profiles in patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), an area previously unexplored. A total of 152 IBS patients were examined, categorized into 52 with diarrhea-predominant IBS (IBS-D), 42 with mixed IBS (IBS-M), and 58 with constipation-predominant IBS (IBS-C), alongside 86 healthy controls. Gastrin, somatostatin, serotonin transporter (SERT), and GABA immunoreactive cells in stomach antral biopsy specimens were detected using avidin-biotin-complex immunostaining. Computer-aided image analysis was employed to determine the density and intensity of immunopositive cells. The findings revealed that IBS-M patients had significantly fewer serotonin-immunoreactive cells compared to IBS-C patients, who had a notably higher count. No significant differences in serotonin immunoreactivity intensity were observed between IBS-total and controls. Gastrin-immunoreactive cells were significantly denser in IBS patients compared to controls, with IBS-D patients showing a marked difference in immunoreactivity intensity. Somatostatin-immunoreactive cell density was significantly lower in all IBS subtypes compared to controls, while SERT immunoreactivity intensity showed no significant difference between IBS-total and controls. The study concludes that a decrease in somatostatin density and an increase in gastrin density in IBS patients contribute to symptoms such as dyspepsia and gastroesophageal reflux.
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Dr. Sateesh Chandra C
Assistant Professor, Department of General Medicine, Sri Balaji Medical College Hospital and Research Institute, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India