ASSOCIATION OF ADIPONECTIN-LEPTIN RATIO, VISFATIN AND TNF ALPHA WITH METABOLIC DERANGEMENTS IN PEOPLE WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES.
Main Article Content
Keywords
.
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. It has emerged as one of the most serious and common chronic diseases of our times, causing life threatening, disabling and costly complications, and reducing life expectancy.
Objectives: The basic aim of the study is to find out the association of Adiponectin-leptin ratio and correlation of Visfatin & TNF-∝ levels in normal & people with T1DM.
Methodology: This study is designed for cross-sectional study AND take place in the Department of Physiology at Baqai Medical University and sampling of patients were done from Baqai Institute of Diabetology and endocrinology, Fatima hospital BMU and affiliated institutes. The informed, written consent was taken from all the subjects who agreed to participate in the study. The objective and significance of the study was fully explained to all participants. The history was obtained from every individual prior to the study in which their personal details, medical record, family background, socio-economic status, diet and physical activity were asked.
Results: Data were collected from 94 participants in three groups. Mean age of the patients was 36.2 ± 7.4 years and mean BMI was 29.8 ± 4.1 kg/m². Mean duration of DM was 8.5 ± 3.2 years. Patients in the study had elevated levels of fasting plasma glucose (10.4 ± 2.1 mmol/L) and HbA1c (9.2 ± 1.5%), suggesting a high prevalence of diabetes and poor glycemic control within the cohort. Serum insulin levels were also elevated (12.3 ± 2.5 µU/mL), indicating insulin resistance or impaired insulin secretion. A decrease in the adiponectin-leptin ratio is associated with higher HbA1c levels in T1DM patients, with a beta coefficient of -0.28 (SE = 0.09, t-value = -3.12, p < 0.01). Elevated visfatin levels are associated with higher HbA1c levels in T1DM patients, with a beta coefficient of 0.20 (SE = 0.07, t-value = 2.90, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: It is concluded that this study explains the intricate association between adipokines (adiponectin, leptin, visfatin), TNF-α, and metabolic derangements in individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). The dysregulation of these adipose-derived hormones and pro-inflammatory cytokines underscores their pivotal role in T1DM pathophysiology, impacting glycemic control, lipid metabolism, and adiposity.
References
2. American Diabetes Association. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: standards of medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2019; 242, S13–S28.
3. Padilla-Martínez F, Collin F, Kwasniewski M, Kretowski A. Systematic Review of Polygenic Risk Scores for Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21(5): 1703.
4. Chatterjee S, Khunti K, Davies MJ. Type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 2017 Jun 3;389(10085):2239–51.
5. Regina CC, Mu’ti A, Fitriany E. Diabetes Mellitus Type 2. Verdure Heal Sci J. 2021; 3(1): 8–17.
6. Maria G T, Malik S V. An update on the epidemiology of type 2 diabetes: a global perspective. Endocrinol Metab Clin. 2021; 50(3): 337–55.
7. Meo, Sultan A, Inam Z, Ishfaq A B, Arain SA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus in Pakistan: Current prevalence and future forecast. J Pak Med Assoc. 2016; 66(12): 1637–42.
8. Galicia-Garcia U, Benito-Vicente A, Jebari S, Larrea-Sebal A, Siddiqi H, Uribe KB, et al. Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Int J Mol Sci. 2020; 21(17): 6275.
9. Nsiah K, Shang VO, Boateng KA, Mensah F. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Int J Appl Basic Med Res. 2015; 5(2): 133.
10. Zucker, I., Zloof, Y., Bardugo, A. et al. Obesity in late adolescence and incident type 1 diabetes in young adulthood. Diabetologia 65, 1473–1482 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-022- 05722-5
11. Dina Ashour, Abdulmajeed AlSubaihin, Yvonne Yijuan Lim, Laurent Legault, Overweight and obese youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes share similar elevation in triglycerides during middle and late adolescence,Obesity Research & Clinical Practice, Volume 16, Issue 2, 2022, Pages 138-143, ISSN 1871-403X.
12. Ikram T, Saeed M, Islam S, Hamayun Z, Pervaiz M, Maroof A. Correlation Of Serum Visfatin With Anthropometric And Glycaemic Parameters In Non-Diabetic Subjects With And Without Parental History Of Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus. Pak J Physiol 2021;17(2):10-14.
13. Zorena K, Jachimowicz-Duda O, Ślęzak D, Robakowska M, Mrugacz M. Adipokines and Obesity. Potential Link to Metabolic Disorders and Chronic Complications. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 18;21(10):3570- 3588.
14. Capurso C, Capurso A. From excess adiposity to insulin resistance: The role of free fatty acids. Vascul Pharmacol. 2012 Sep;57(2–4):91–7
15. Diwan, Arundhati G.; Kuvalekar, Aniket A.1; Dharamsi, Siddharth; Vora, Aditya M.; Nikam, Vivek A.; Ghadge, Abhijit A.1,. Correlation of Serum Adiponectin and Leptin levels in Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism: Jan–Feb 2018 - Volume 22 - Issue 1 - p 93-99 doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_491_15
16. Al-Hamodi, Z., AL-Habori, M., Al-Meeri, A. et al. Association of adipokines, leptin/adiponectin ratio and C-reactive protein with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetol Metab Syndr 6, 99 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1186/1758-5996-6-99
17. Friebe D, Neef M, Kratzsch J, Erbs S, Dittrich K, Garten A, et al. Leucocytes are a major source of circulating nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase [NAMPT]/pre-B cell colony [PBEF]/visfatin linking obesity and inflammation in humans. Diabetologia. 2011 May;54[5]:1200–11.
18. Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, Segawa K, Tanaka M, Kishimoto K, et al. Visfatin: A Protein Secreted by Visceral Fat That Mimics the Effects of Insulin. 2005;307:7
19. Naz R, Hameed W, Hussain MM, Aslam M. Glucose lowering effect of visfatin in obese and insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Pak J Physiol 2011,1-4.
20. Swaroop JJ, Rajarajeswari D, Naidu JN. Association of TNF-α with insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Med Res. 2012;135(1):127-30. doi: 10.4103/0971-5916.93435. PMID: 22382194; PMCID: PMC3307173.
21. Hadeel Mohamed Saeed Majeed1, Ahmed Abdul-Hassan Abbas, Mahmood Shakir Khudair. The role of TNFα in type2 diabetes mellitus. Volume 7 / Issue 2 / 32 / http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/RB/2022.07.02.32
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Saba Abrar
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Baqai Medical College, Baqai University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Qamer Aziz
Professor, Department of Physiology, Baqai Medical College, Baqai University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Iftikhar Ahmed Siddiqui
Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical College, Baqai University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Asher Fawwad
Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Baqai Medical College, Baqai University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Abdul Basit
Professor, Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan;
Ruqaya Nangrejo
Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Baqai Medical College, Baqai University, Karachi, Pakistan.