FREQUENCY OF NON CONVULSIVE STATUS EPILEPTICUS IN PATIENTS WITH EPILEPSY
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Keywords
Frequency, Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus, Epilepsy
Abstract
Background: Non convulsive Status Epilepticus (NCSE) is an under reported, treatable cause of coma and has variety of clinical and EEG presentations. NCSE constitutes about 20 to 23% of status epilepticus cases, occurring in 8% of all comatosed patients without signs of seizure activity and persisting in 14% of patients after controlling generalized convulsive status epilepticus.
Objective: To determine the frequency of Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus in patients with epilepsy
Methodology: This study was retrospective study, carried out at the department of …………..hospital. The study duration was one year from March 2023 to March 2024. We retrospectively reviewed all EEG's in patients with impaired level of consciousness March 2023 to March 2024. EEGs were performed by technologists and interpreted by consultants with fellowship training in Neurophysiology and an Epileptologist. Demographics included preceding history of seizure, state of the patient at the time of EEG, especially those with an impaired level of consciousness. Findings of all these EEG's were divided into five groups; generalized spike and wave, generalized sharp and wave, focal spike and wave, focal sharp and wave and periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges. All the data analysis was done by using SPSS version 23.
Results: A total of 200 EEG's recorded in patients with impaired level of consciousness were reviewed retrospectively, over a period of one year. Based on status of consciousness, 108 (54%) were semiconscious and 92 (46%) were unconscious. Only 4 (2%) patients were identified with NCSE on EEG, 3 (75%) were unconscious and 1(25%) were semiconscious. Out of these, 1 (25%) were males and 3 (75%) females. The commonest EEG findings in our patients with NCSE were: Continuous focal spike and wave seen in 2(50%), Continuous generalized spike and wave 1 (25%), Continuous generalized sharp and wave 1 (25%), Continuous focal sharp and wave and Continuous periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges were not observed in any patient.
Conclusion: Our study concludes that the frequency of Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus (NCSE) is low amongst patients with epilepsy. NCSE is an important treatable entity which can be easily recognized by doing an EEG
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Dr. Ayub Khan
Department of Neurology, MTI Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar. Pakistan.
Dr. Saad Ali
Assistant Professor Neurology. MTI Lady Reading Hospital