Antifertility activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of leaves and stem parts of A. odoratissimus on female Albino Wistar rats
Main Article Content
Keywords
Ovulation, fertilization, contraceptive agents, female Wistar rats, anti-implantation, traditional medicine
Abstract
Anti-fertility agents are the drugs that prevent the normal process of ovulation, fertilization and ovum implantation [1]. These anti-fertility agents affect the menstrual cycle, ovulation in females and prevent fertilization and implantation which leads to cause abortion. Increasing population is one of the biggest problems faced by the countries with its consequence of all aspect’s development education employment and healthcare and environment [2]. The world now recognizes need for contraceptive and family planning. In market several synthetic contraceptive agents are available and effective against fertility but producing side effects like hormonal imbalance, hypertension, and increased risk of cancer and weight gain. Therefore, the search for safe, effective and orally active plant-based alternative is highly desired for fertility regulation. To treat various human diseases plants has been used since antiquity and mostly used all over the world in form of folkloric or traditional medicines [3]. Relatively few herbal ingredients have been subjected to rigorous scientific study with their pharmacological activities and active principles successfully investigated [4]. The anti-fertility potential of leaves and stem part of Artabotrys odoratissimus have not been validated scientifically. So, the aim of the present study was to investigate anti-fertility activity of crude extracts of leaves and stem parts of A. odoratissimus. Virgin female Wistar rats were taken and grouped in 10 groups each group conatain 6 animals. Ethanolic leaf extract of A. odoratissimus(400mg/kg) shows good effect on estrus cycles and postcoital antifertility activity like anti-implantation activity when compared with standard drug Ethinyl estradiol
5mg/kg/ s.c. n=6, values are expressed as mean ± S.D. and statistical analysis was carried out by one way ANOVA followed by Dunnets multiple comparison test. p<0.05 significant; p<0.01 moderately significant; p<0.001 highly significant.
References
2. Sharma et al. (2015): Phytochemical screening and antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus in albino rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 67(12), 1561-1568.
3. Rajput et al. (2014): Antifertility potential of A. odoratissimus in female mice. Journal of Medicinal Food, 17(10), 1043-1048.
4. Kumar et al. (2013): Ethnobotanical survey and antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus in albino rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 148(3), 742-748.
5. Srivastava et al. (2012): Antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus against sperm motility and fertility in male rats. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 142(2), 247-254.
6. Gupta et al. (2011): Phytochemical analysis and antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus in female albino rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 63(10), 1369-1376.
7. Kumar et al. (2010): Antifertility potential of A. odoratissimus in female mice: an evaluation of its mechanism of action. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 132(2), 341-346.
8. Sharma et al. (2009): Antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus against fertilization and implantation in female rats. Journal of Reproduction and Fertility, 137(1), 145-152.
9. Rao et al. (2008): Phytochemical analysis and antifertility activity of A. odoratissimus in male albino rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 60(12), 1575-1582.
10. Kumar et al. (2007): Antifertility potential of A. odoratissimus in female rats: an evaluation of its reproductive toxicity profile. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 113(2), 241-246.
11. Kamanzi Atindehook K, Schmid C, Brun R, Kone MW, Traore D. Antitrypanosomal and antiplasmodial activity of medicinal plants from Cote d’Ivoire. J Ethnopharmacol. 2004;90:221–227. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
12. Vonthron-Senecheau C, Weniger B, Quattara M, Bi FT, Kamenan A, Lobstein A. In vitro antiplasmodial activity and cytotoxicity of ethno botanically selected Ivorian plants. J Ethnopharmacol. 2003;87:221–225. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
13. Abu AH, Uchendu CN, Ofukwu RA. In vitro antitrypanosomal activity of crude extracts of some Nigerian medicinal plants. J Appl Biosc. 2009;21:1277–1282. [Google Scholar]
14. National Institute of Health (N.I.H) Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. Bethesda; U.S.A.: DHEW Publication, Office of Science and Health Reports; 1985. [Google Scholar]
15. Wong PY, Lau SK, Fu WO. Antifertility effects of some sulphonamides and related compounds and their accumulation in the rat epididymis. J Reprod Fertil. 1987;81:259–267. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
16. Tafessel G, Mekonnen Y, Makonnen E. In vivo and in vitro antifertility and antiimplantation properties of Leonotis ocymifolia in rats. Afr J Trad CAM. 2005;2:103–112. [Google Scholar]
17. Uchendu CN, Isek T. Antifertility activity of aqueous ethanolic leaf extract of Spondias mombin (Anacardiaceae) in rats. Afr Health Sci. 2008;8:163–167. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
18. Yadav R, Jain GC. Antifertility effect and hormonal profile of petroleum ether extract of seeds of Cassia fistula in female rats. International Journal of Pharmacology and Technology Research. 2009;1:438–444. [Google Scholar]
19. Hikim AP, Lue YH, Wang C, Reutrakul V, Sangsuwan R, Swerdloff RS. Post testicular antifertility action of triptolide in the male rat: evidence for severe impairment of cauda epididymal sperm ultra structure. J Androl. 2000;21:431–437. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
20. S.P.Pattanayak et.al Effect of Dendrophthoe falcata (L.f.) Ettingsh on female reproductive system in Wistar rats: a focus on antifertility efficacy, Contraception Volume 80, Issue 3, September 2009, Pages 314-320.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Saritha K
Department of Pharmacognosy, Research scholar, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
Murali R
Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India
Srinivasan N
Department of Pharmacy, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India