PREVALENCE OF ENDOGLOBULAR HEMOTROPIC PARASITES IN OPC SHEEP IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SINCELEJO AND SAVANNA SUB-REGION, DEPARTMENT OF SUCRE-COLOMBIA
Main Article Content
Keywords
hemoparasite, sheep, Babesia spp, Anaplasma spp, endoglobular.
Abstract
Infection caused by hemoparasite is one of the most prevalent diseases in tropical and subtropical countries in the world. Anaplasmosis and babesiosis are diseases caused by intracellular hematopoietic agents that are part of the parasitic complex. Hematotropic agents (Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma marginale, Trypanosoma vivax, Trypanosoma melophagium, Babesia ovis and Babesia motasi) are common causes of hematopoietic infections in sheep. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of endoglobular hemotropic parasites in Colombian hair sheep (OPC) in municipality of Sincelejo and Savanna Sub-region of the department Sucre- Colombia. A cross-sectional study was carried out at convenience, according to availability in each farm during the years 2020-2022, totaling 400 animals. The capillary microcentrifuge technique was used, where the percentage volume of red blood cells (Haematocrit) was determined by reading on a Hawksley microhaematocrit reader table, then blood smears were made, stained with WRIGTH dye and evaluated under a light microscope. Incident variables in the parasitaemia of the animals were considered, such as sex, location and Body Condition Score, looking for a relationship with the parasite positivity that the animals could present. The results of the analysis showed 165 positive samples, representing a prevalence for Anaplasma spp of 14.26%; Babesia spp 14.5% and for both agents 12.5% in OPC. There was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between animal origin, gender (Male-Female) and Body Condition Score, with the degree of prevalence that the animals possessed. In conclusion, Anaplasma spp and Babesia spp, is present in the municipality of Sincelejo and Savanna Sub-region (Sucre- Colombia), and these can occur in OPC animals from different localities, sex and Body Condition Score.
References
1. Abdelsalam, MA., Felefel, W., Fadl, S. et al. (2023). Molecular prevalence and associated infection risk factors of tick-borne protozoan and rickettsial blood pathogens in small ruminants. BMC Vet Res 19, 138 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-023-03702-4
2. Adamu, M., Dzever, P., Ikurior, S. et al. (2020). Validation of the FAMACHA© system for detecting anaemia and helminthosis in West African Dwarf sheep in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Comp Clin Pathol 29:965–970). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-020-03157-1
3. Al Kalaldeh M., Gibson J., Duijvesteijn N., Daetwyler H., MacLeod I., Moghaddar N., et al. (2019). Using imputed whole-genome sequence data to improve the accuracy of genomicprediction for parasite resistance in Australian sheep Genet Sel Evol,51(1):32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-019-0476-46.
4. Arece García, Javier., Sanabria, Argemiro., Soca, Mildrey, da Fonseca., Adivaldo H., Fidlarczyk Maciel., Raisa, da Silva., Larissa Clara., Tomaz, Aline Maria., & Zen Gianfrancisco, Olivia. (2015). Relación de algunos indicadores sanguíneos con la infestación de parásitos gastrointestinales en ovinos. Revista de Salud Animal, 37(2), 133-135.
5. Arif, M., Saeed, S., Bashir, A., Farooq, M., Nasreen, N., Khan, A., & Chen, C. C. (2023). Molecular prevalence and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis in goats and sheep enrolled from a hill station in Punjab, Pakistan. Plos one, 18(11), e0291302.
6. Avila Pulgarín, Leidy Steffany, Acevedo Restrepo, Andrés, Jurado Guevara, Jairo Andrés, Polanco Echeverry, Diana, Velásquez Vélez, Raúl, & Zapata Salas, Richard. (2013). Infección por hemoparásitos en caprinos y ovinos de apriscos de cinco municipios del norte y nororiente de Antioquia (Colombia). CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 8(1), 11-21.
7. B. Adehanom, D. Dagnachew, Teshale Teklue and N. Surendra, 2015. Validation of the FAMACHA© Eye Color Technique for Detecting Anemic Sheep and Goats in Jigjiga Zone of Somali Región, Eastern Ethiopia. Research Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 8: 61-67
8. Baneth G. (2014). Tick-borne infections of animals and humans: a common ground. Int J arasitol, 44(9):591-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.011. Epub 2014 May 15. PMID: 24846527.
9. Bauer, B. U., Răileanu, C., Tauchmann, O., Fischer, S., Ambros, C., Silaghi, C., & Ganter, M. (2021). Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis–emerging pathogens in the German sheep population. Pathogens,10(10), 1298.
10. Calderón, A., Martínez, N., & Iguarán, H. (2016). Frecuencia de hematozoarios en bovinos de una región del caribe colombiano. Revista UDCA Actualidad & Divulgación Científica, 19(1), 131-138.
11. Canul, A. J. C., Pérez-Hernández, R., Salazar-Cuytun, R., García-Herrera, R. A., Herrera-Camacho, J., & López-Duran, S. K. (2022). Condición corporal en ovejas Pelibuey en el trópico de México. Boletín de Ciencias Agropecuarias del ICAP, 8(16), 31-35.
12. Chochlakis, D., Ioannou, I., Sharif, L., Kokkini, S., Hristophi, N., Dimitriou, T., & Psaroulaki, A. (2009). Prevalence of Anaplasma sp. in goats and sheep in Cyprus. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 9(5), 457-463.
13. Coello-Peralta, R. D., Solórzano, N. C. C., Mazamba, M. D. L. S., Echeverria, E. O. R., Velásquez, L. L. A., & Gómez, B. J. P. (2021). Natural infection of Trypanosoma sp. in domestic sheep from Ecuador. Ciência Rural, 52, e20210141.
14. De La Fuente J., Atkinson M. W., Naranjo V., Fernández De Mera I. G., Mangold A. J., Keating K. A., and Kocan K. M. (2007). Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma ovis strains, Veterinary Microbiology, 119 (2–4): 375–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.09.011
15. Di Loria, A., Veneziano, V., Piantedosi, D., Rinaldi, L., Cortese, L., Mezzino, L., Ciaramella, P. (2009). Evaluación del sistema FAMACHA para detectar la gravedad de la anemia en ovejas del sur de Italia, Parasitología veterinaria, 161(1-2), 53–59.
16. Dill, D. B., & Costill, D. L. (1974). Calculation of Percentage in Changes in Volumes of Blood, Plasma, and Red Cells in Dehydration. Journal of Applied Physiology, 37, 247-248.
17. Egbe-Nwiyi TN, Sherrif GA, Paul BT, 2018. Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDS) and haematological changes in sheep and goats in Maiduguri abattoir. J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health, 10: 28-33.
18. Eisawi, N. M., El Hussein, A. R. M., Hassan, D. A., Musa, A. B., Hussien, M. O., Enan, K. A., & Bakheit, M. A. (2020). A molecular prevalence survey on Anaplasma infection among domestic ruminants in Khartoum State, Sudan. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52, 1845-1852
19. Flórez M, Julio, Hernández P, Marcos, Bustamante Y, Moris, & Vergara G, Oscar. (2020). Caracterización morfo estructural e índices zoométricos de hembras Ovino de Pelo Criollo Colombiano "OPC" Sudán. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 25(3), 116-125.
20. González, B. C., Obregón, D., Alemán, Y., Alfonso, P., Vega, E., Díaz, A., & Martínez, S. (2014). Tendencias en el diagnóstico de la anaplasmosis bovina. Revista de Salud Animal, 36(2), 73-79.
21. Hamzah, K. J., & Hasso, S. A. (2019). Molecular prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep from Iraq. Open Veterinary Journal, 9(3), 238-245.
22. Hernández D, Montes D, De la Ossa J. (2020). Asociación del polimorfismo FecB con la prolificidad natural del Ovino de Pelo Colombiano. Rev MVZ Córdoba, 25(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.17715.
23. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA)-Republica de Colombia. (2023). Censo pecuario año 2023. https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia-veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018
24. Jaimes-Duéñez, J., Triana-Chávez, O., & Mejía-Jaramillo, A.M. (2017). Parasitological and molecular surveys reveal high rates of infection with vector-borne pathogens and clinical anemia signs associated with infection in cattle from two important livestock areas in Colombia. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 8(2), 290-299.
25. Li, Y., Galon, E. M., Guo, Q., Rizk, M. A., Moumouni, P. F. A., Liu, M., & Xuan, X. (2020). Molecular detection and identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in sheep from border regions, northwestern China. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 630.
26. López-Jácome, L. E., Hernández-Durán, M., Colín-Castro, C. A., Ortega-Peña, S., Cerón-González, G., & Franco-Cendejas, R. (2014). Las tinciones básicas en el laboratorio de microbiología. Investigación en discapacidad, 3(1): 10-18.
27. Manterola, C., Otzen, T. (2014). Estudios obser¬vacionales. Los diseños utilizados con mayor fre¬cuencia en investigación clínica. Int. J. Morphol, 32(2):634-645.
28. Martínez J., Tatis F. Incidencia de los hemoparásitos en la producción ovina en condiciones de pastoreo extensivo en el municipio de Toluviejo, Sucre. Tesis de pregrado, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, 2001. 67 p.
29. Montes-Vergara, D., Hernández-Herrera, D., & Carrillo-González, D. (2022). Caracterización morfológica, faneróptica y de genes dominantes de la gallina criolla Subespecie nudicollis en la región Sabanas del departamento de Sucre-Colombia. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 27(1), 2022. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.2599
30. Naeem, M., Amaro-Estrada, I., Taqadus, A., Swelum, A. A., Alqhtani, A. H., Asif, M., & Iqbal, F. (2023). Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Anaplasma ovis in Pakistani sheep. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, 1096418.
31. Nangru, A., Maharana, BR, Vohra, S., Kumar, B., Ganguly, A., Sahu, S., Khichar, V. (2023). Identification, molecular characterization and risk factors of Theileria infection among sheep: a first comprehensive report from North India. Animal Biotechnology, 34 (8), 3658–3670. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2023.2189928
32. Noaman, V., Sazmand, A. Anaplasma ovis infection in sheep from Iran: molecular prevalence, associated risk factors, and spatial clustering. Trop Anim Health Prod, 54(1): 1-6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-03007-4
33. Noriega-Márquez, J., Hernández-Herrera, D., Bustamante-Yánez, M., Álvarez-Franco, L., Ariza-Botero, M., Palacios-Erazo, Y., & Vergara-Garay, O. (2022). Curvas de crecimiento en ovino de pelo colombiano en los departamentos de Córdoba y Cesar, Colombia. Revista UDCA Actualidad & Divulgación Científica, 25(2): 1-8. https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ ruadc/article/view/1727/2455
34. Nyifi, A. S., & Bilbonga, G. (2023). Effect of Tick-Borne Haemoparasitic Diseases on Haematological Parameters of Small Ruminants Managed Under Semi-intensive System in Wukari Town Taraba State Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 10(11), 457-465.
35. Nyifi, A., Ahmadu, P., & Mamtso, R. (2023). Prevalence of anaplasmosis in small ruminants in some selected livestock farms in Wukari metropolis taraba State Nigeria. FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, 9(3), 52-57.
36. Onyiche, T. E., & MacLeod, E. T. (2023). Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats in África: A review. Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 14(6), 102232.
37. Onyiche, T. E., Mofokeng, L. S., Thekisoe, O., & MacLeod, E. T. (2022). Molecular survey for tick-borne pathogens and associated risk factors in sheep and goats in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 33, 100753.
38. Plaza Cuadrado, Alberto., Hernández Padilla, Eduardo., Rugeles Pinto, Clara., Vergara
39. Garay, Oscar., Herrera Benavides, Yonairo (2019). Perfil hematológico durante la gestación de Ovinos de Pelo Criollos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, 11(1). https://revistas.unisucre.edu.co/index.php/recia/article/view/657/765
40. Prajapati, A., Prajapati, B., Patel, A., Chauhan, P., Das, B., Raval, S & Patel, R. (2023). Molecular identification and genetic characterization of Theileria and Anaplasma infection in sheep and goat of North Gujarat, India. Parasitology Research, 122(6), 1427-1433.
41. R Core Team (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
42. Rahravani, M., Moravedji, M., Mostafavi, E., Mozoun, M. M., Zeeyaie, A. H., Mohammadi, M., & Ameri, M. (2023). Clinical, hematological and molecular evaluation of piroplasma and Anaplasma infections in small ruminants and tick vectors from Kurdistan province, western Iran. Research in Veterinary Science, 159, 44-56.
43. Reategui-Valles, M. O., & López-Flores, A. M. (2023). Prevalencia de Babesiosis bovina en el distrito de Cuñumbuqui, Perú. Revista De Veterinaria Y Zootecnia Amazónica, 3(2). e560. https://doi.org/10.51252/revza.v3i2.560
44. Russel AJF, Doney JM, Gunn RG (1969) Subjective assessment of body fat in live sheep. J Agric Sci, 72(3):451–4
45. Şahin, Ö., Aytekin, İ., Boztepe, S. et al. (2021). Relationships between FAMACHA© scores and parasite incidence in sheep and goats. Trop Anim Health Prod, 53(2): 331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02769-1
46. Shah, S. S. A., Khan, M. I., & Rahman, H. U. (2017). Epidemiological and hematological investigations of tick-borne diseases in small ruminants in Peshawar and Khyber Agency. Pakistan. J. adv. parasitol, 4(1), 15-22.
47. Tamrat, H., Tagel, W., & Belayneh, N. (2023). Epidemiology of Ixodid tick infestation and tick‐borne haemopathogens in small ruminant from Enarje Enawuga, North Western Ethiopia. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 9(3), 1318-1326.
48. Taqadus, A., Chiou, C. C., Amaro-Estrada, I., Asif, M., Nasreen, N., Ahmad, G., & Chen, C. C. (2023). Epidemiology and phylogeny of Anaplasma ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic goats enrolled from four districts in Punjab, Pakistan. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 23(10), 495-506.
49. Torres Rodríguez, A., Pérez, N. I., Cruz, A. A., & Záldivar, Y. L. (2023). Relación entre los valores hematológicos del hemograma y la carga parasitaria presente en ovinos Pelibuey resilientes en condiciones de pastoreo. Revista de Producción Animal, 35(3), 5-21.
50. Torres Torres, A. A., Lara Díaz, M. I., & Páez Díaz, R. (2021). Factores que influyen en la presentación actual de Anaplasma sp. y Babesia spp. en bovinos en el trópico. Biociencias (UNAD), 5(1): 155-181.
51. Valente, J. D., Mongruel, A. C., Machado, C. A., Chiyo, L., Leandro, A. S., Britto, A. S., & Vieira, R. F. (2019). Tick-borne pathogens in carthorses from Foz do Iguaçu City, Paraná State, southern Brazil: A tri-border area of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Veterinary parasitology, 273: 71-79.
52. Vargas-Cuy, D. H., Torres-Caycedo, M. I., & Pulido-Medellín, M. O. (2019). Anaplasmosis y babesiosis: estudio actual. Pensamiento y Acción, (26): 45–60. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/pensamiento_accion/article/view/9723
53. Woo P. (1971). Evaluation of the haematocrit centrifuge and other techniques for the field diagnosis of human tripanosomiasis and filariasis. Acta Trop, 28(3):298-303.
2. Adamu, M., Dzever, P., Ikurior, S. et al. (2020). Validation of the FAMACHA© system for detecting anaemia and helminthosis in West African Dwarf sheep in Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria. Comp Clin Pathol 29:965–970). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00580-020-03157-1
3. Al Kalaldeh M., Gibson J., Duijvesteijn N., Daetwyler H., MacLeod I., Moghaddar N., et al. (2019). Using imputed whole-genome sequence data to improve the accuracy of genomicprediction for parasite resistance in Australian sheep Genet Sel Evol,51(1):32. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12711-019-0476-46.
4. Arece García, Javier., Sanabria, Argemiro., Soca, Mildrey, da Fonseca., Adivaldo H., Fidlarczyk Maciel., Raisa, da Silva., Larissa Clara., Tomaz, Aline Maria., & Zen Gianfrancisco, Olivia. (2015). Relación de algunos indicadores sanguíneos con la infestación de parásitos gastrointestinales en ovinos. Revista de Salud Animal, 37(2), 133-135.
5. Arif, M., Saeed, S., Bashir, A., Farooq, M., Nasreen, N., Khan, A., & Chen, C. C. (2023). Molecular prevalence and phylogeny of Anaplasma marginale, Anaplasma ovis and Theileria ovis in goats and sheep enrolled from a hill station in Punjab, Pakistan. Plos one, 18(11), e0291302.
6. Avila Pulgarín, Leidy Steffany, Acevedo Restrepo, Andrés, Jurado Guevara, Jairo Andrés, Polanco Echeverry, Diana, Velásquez Vélez, Raúl, & Zapata Salas, Richard. (2013). Infección por hemoparásitos en caprinos y ovinos de apriscos de cinco municipios del norte y nororiente de Antioquia (Colombia). CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, 8(1), 11-21.
7. B. Adehanom, D. Dagnachew, Teshale Teklue and N. Surendra, 2015. Validation of the FAMACHA© Eye Color Technique for Detecting Anemic Sheep and Goats in Jigjiga Zone of Somali Región, Eastern Ethiopia. Research Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 8: 61-67
8. Baneth G. (2014). Tick-borne infections of animals and humans: a common ground. Int J arasitol, 44(9):591-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.011. Epub 2014 May 15. PMID: 24846527.
9. Bauer, B. U., Răileanu, C., Tauchmann, O., Fischer, S., Ambros, C., Silaghi, C., & Ganter, M. (2021). Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Anaplasma ovis–emerging pathogens in the German sheep population. Pathogens,10(10), 1298.
10. Calderón, A., Martínez, N., & Iguarán, H. (2016). Frecuencia de hematozoarios en bovinos de una región del caribe colombiano. Revista UDCA Actualidad & Divulgación Científica, 19(1), 131-138.
11. Canul, A. J. C., Pérez-Hernández, R., Salazar-Cuytun, R., García-Herrera, R. A., Herrera-Camacho, J., & López-Duran, S. K. (2022). Condición corporal en ovejas Pelibuey en el trópico de México. Boletín de Ciencias Agropecuarias del ICAP, 8(16), 31-35.
12. Chochlakis, D., Ioannou, I., Sharif, L., Kokkini, S., Hristophi, N., Dimitriou, T., & Psaroulaki, A. (2009). Prevalence of Anaplasma sp. in goats and sheep in Cyprus. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 9(5), 457-463.
13. Coello-Peralta, R. D., Solórzano, N. C. C., Mazamba, M. D. L. S., Echeverria, E. O. R., Velásquez, L. L. A., & Gómez, B. J. P. (2021). Natural infection of Trypanosoma sp. in domestic sheep from Ecuador. Ciência Rural, 52, e20210141.
14. De La Fuente J., Atkinson M. W., Naranjo V., Fernández De Mera I. G., Mangold A. J., Keating K. A., and Kocan K. M. (2007). Sequence analysis of the msp4 gene of Anaplasma ovis strains, Veterinary Microbiology, 119 (2–4): 375–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.09.011
15. Di Loria, A., Veneziano, V., Piantedosi, D., Rinaldi, L., Cortese, L., Mezzino, L., Ciaramella, P. (2009). Evaluación del sistema FAMACHA para detectar la gravedad de la anemia en ovejas del sur de Italia, Parasitología veterinaria, 161(1-2), 53–59.
16. Dill, D. B., & Costill, D. L. (1974). Calculation of Percentage in Changes in Volumes of Blood, Plasma, and Red Cells in Dehydration. Journal of Applied Physiology, 37, 247-248.
17. Egbe-Nwiyi TN, Sherrif GA, Paul BT, 2018. Prevalence of tick-borne haemoparasitic diseases (TBHDS) and haematological changes in sheep and goats in Maiduguri abattoir. J. Vet. Med. Anim. Health, 10: 28-33.
18. Eisawi, N. M., El Hussein, A. R. M., Hassan, D. A., Musa, A. B., Hussien, M. O., Enan, K. A., & Bakheit, M. A. (2020). A molecular prevalence survey on Anaplasma infection among domestic ruminants in Khartoum State, Sudan. Tropical Animal Health and Production, 52, 1845-1852
19. Flórez M, Julio, Hernández P, Marcos, Bustamante Y, Moris, & Vergara G, Oscar. (2020). Caracterización morfo estructural e índices zoométricos de hembras Ovino de Pelo Criollo Colombiano "OPC" Sudán. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 25(3), 116-125.
20. González, B. C., Obregón, D., Alemán, Y., Alfonso, P., Vega, E., Díaz, A., & Martínez, S. (2014). Tendencias en el diagnóstico de la anaplasmosis bovina. Revista de Salud Animal, 36(2), 73-79.
21. Hamzah, K. J., & Hasso, S. A. (2019). Molecular prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in sheep from Iraq. Open Veterinary Journal, 9(3), 238-245.
22. Hernández D, Montes D, De la Ossa J. (2020). Asociación del polimorfismo FecB con la prolificidad natural del Ovino de Pelo Colombiano. Rev MVZ Córdoba, 25(1):1–6. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.17715.
23. Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA)-Republica de Colombia. (2023). Censo pecuario año 2023. https://www.ica.gov.co/areas/pecuaria/servicios/epidemiologia-veterinaria/censos-2016/censo-2018
24. Jaimes-Duéñez, J., Triana-Chávez, O., & Mejía-Jaramillo, A.M. (2017). Parasitological and molecular surveys reveal high rates of infection with vector-borne pathogens and clinical anemia signs associated with infection in cattle from two important livestock areas in Colombia. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 8(2), 290-299.
25. Li, Y., Galon, E. M., Guo, Q., Rizk, M. A., Moumouni, P. F. A., Liu, M., & Xuan, X. (2020). Molecular detection and identification of Babesia spp., Theileria spp., and Anaplasma spp. in sheep from border regions, northwestern China. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 7, 630.
26. López-Jácome, L. E., Hernández-Durán, M., Colín-Castro, C. A., Ortega-Peña, S., Cerón-González, G., & Franco-Cendejas, R. (2014). Las tinciones básicas en el laboratorio de microbiología. Investigación en discapacidad, 3(1): 10-18.
27. Manterola, C., Otzen, T. (2014). Estudios obser¬vacionales. Los diseños utilizados con mayor fre¬cuencia en investigación clínica. Int. J. Morphol, 32(2):634-645.
28. Martínez J., Tatis F. Incidencia de los hemoparásitos en la producción ovina en condiciones de pastoreo extensivo en el municipio de Toluviejo, Sucre. Tesis de pregrado, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sucre, Sincelejo, 2001. 67 p.
29. Montes-Vergara, D., Hernández-Herrera, D., & Carrillo-González, D. (2022). Caracterización morfológica, faneróptica y de genes dominantes de la gallina criolla Subespecie nudicollis en la región Sabanas del departamento de Sucre-Colombia. Revista MVZ Córdoba, 27(1), 2022. https://doi.org/10.21897/rmvz.2599
30. Naeem, M., Amaro-Estrada, I., Taqadus, A., Swelum, A. A., Alqhtani, A. H., Asif, M., & Iqbal, F. (2023). Molecular prevalence and associated risk factors of Anaplasma ovis in Pakistani sheep. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 10, 1096418.
31. Nangru, A., Maharana, BR, Vohra, S., Kumar, B., Ganguly, A., Sahu, S., Khichar, V. (2023). Identification, molecular characterization and risk factors of Theileria infection among sheep: a first comprehensive report from North India. Animal Biotechnology, 34 (8), 3658–3670. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2023.2189928
32. Noaman, V., Sazmand, A. Anaplasma ovis infection in sheep from Iran: molecular prevalence, associated risk factors, and spatial clustering. Trop Anim Health Prod, 54(1): 1-6 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-03007-4
33. Noriega-Márquez, J., Hernández-Herrera, D., Bustamante-Yánez, M., Álvarez-Franco, L., Ariza-Botero, M., Palacios-Erazo, Y., & Vergara-Garay, O. (2022). Curvas de crecimiento en ovino de pelo colombiano en los departamentos de Córdoba y Cesar, Colombia. Revista UDCA Actualidad & Divulgación Científica, 25(2): 1-8. https://revistas.udca.edu.co/index.php/ ruadc/article/view/1727/2455
34. Nyifi, A. S., & Bilbonga, G. (2023). Effect of Tick-Borne Haemoparasitic Diseases on Haematological Parameters of Small Ruminants Managed Under Semi-intensive System in Wukari Town Taraba State Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Scientific Innovation, 10(11), 457-465.
35. Nyifi, A., Ahmadu, P., & Mamtso, R. (2023). Prevalence of anaplasmosis in small ruminants in some selected livestock farms in Wukari metropolis taraba State Nigeria. FUDMA Journal of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, 9(3), 52-57.
36. Onyiche, T. E., & MacLeod, E. T. (2023). Hard ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne diseases of sheep and goats in África: A review. Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 14(6), 102232.
37. Onyiche, T. E., Mofokeng, L. S., Thekisoe, O., & MacLeod, E. T. (2022). Molecular survey for tick-borne pathogens and associated risk factors in sheep and goats in Kano Metropolis, Nigeria. Veterinary Parasitology: Regional Studies and Reports, 33, 100753.
38. Plaza Cuadrado, Alberto., Hernández Padilla, Eduardo., Rugeles Pinto, Clara., Vergara
39. Garay, Oscar., Herrera Benavides, Yonairo (2019). Perfil hematológico durante la gestación de Ovinos de Pelo Criollos en el departamento de Córdoba, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, 11(1). https://revistas.unisucre.edu.co/index.php/recia/article/view/657/765
40. Prajapati, A., Prajapati, B., Patel, A., Chauhan, P., Das, B., Raval, S & Patel, R. (2023). Molecular identification and genetic characterization of Theileria and Anaplasma infection in sheep and goat of North Gujarat, India. Parasitology Research, 122(6), 1427-1433.
41. R Core Team (2023). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria. URL https://www.R-project.org/.
42. Rahravani, M., Moravedji, M., Mostafavi, E., Mozoun, M. M., Zeeyaie, A. H., Mohammadi, M., & Ameri, M. (2023). Clinical, hematological and molecular evaluation of piroplasma and Anaplasma infections in small ruminants and tick vectors from Kurdistan province, western Iran. Research in Veterinary Science, 159, 44-56.
43. Reategui-Valles, M. O., & López-Flores, A. M. (2023). Prevalencia de Babesiosis bovina en el distrito de Cuñumbuqui, Perú. Revista De Veterinaria Y Zootecnia Amazónica, 3(2). e560. https://doi.org/10.51252/revza.v3i2.560
44. Russel AJF, Doney JM, Gunn RG (1969) Subjective assessment of body fat in live sheep. J Agric Sci, 72(3):451–4
45. Şahin, Ö., Aytekin, İ., Boztepe, S. et al. (2021). Relationships between FAMACHA© scores and parasite incidence in sheep and goats. Trop Anim Health Prod, 53(2): 331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11250-021-02769-1
46. Shah, S. S. A., Khan, M. I., & Rahman, H. U. (2017). Epidemiological and hematological investigations of tick-borne diseases in small ruminants in Peshawar and Khyber Agency. Pakistan. J. adv. parasitol, 4(1), 15-22.
47. Tamrat, H., Tagel, W., & Belayneh, N. (2023). Epidemiology of Ixodid tick infestation and tick‐borne haemopathogens in small ruminant from Enarje Enawuga, North Western Ethiopia. Veterinary Medicine and Science, 9(3), 1318-1326.
48. Taqadus, A., Chiou, C. C., Amaro-Estrada, I., Asif, M., Nasreen, N., Ahmad, G., & Chen, C. C. (2023). Epidemiology and phylogeny of Anaplasma ovis with a note on hematological and biochemical changes in asymptomatic goats enrolled from four districts in Punjab, Pakistan. Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 23(10), 495-506.
49. Torres Rodríguez, A., Pérez, N. I., Cruz, A. A., & Záldivar, Y. L. (2023). Relación entre los valores hematológicos del hemograma y la carga parasitaria presente en ovinos Pelibuey resilientes en condiciones de pastoreo. Revista de Producción Animal, 35(3), 5-21.
50. Torres Torres, A. A., Lara Díaz, M. I., & Páez Díaz, R. (2021). Factores que influyen en la presentación actual de Anaplasma sp. y Babesia spp. en bovinos en el trópico. Biociencias (UNAD), 5(1): 155-181.
51. Valente, J. D., Mongruel, A. C., Machado, C. A., Chiyo, L., Leandro, A. S., Britto, A. S., & Vieira, R. F. (2019). Tick-borne pathogens in carthorses from Foz do Iguaçu City, Paraná State, southern Brazil: A tri-border area of Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina. Veterinary parasitology, 273: 71-79.
52. Vargas-Cuy, D. H., Torres-Caycedo, M. I., & Pulido-Medellín, M. O. (2019). Anaplasmosis y babesiosis: estudio actual. Pensamiento y Acción, (26): 45–60. Recuperado a partir de https://revistas.uptc.edu.co/index.php/pensamiento_accion/article/view/9723
53. Woo P. (1971). Evaluation of the haematocrit centrifuge and other techniques for the field diagnosis of human tripanosomiasis and filariasis. Acta Trop, 28(3):298-303.
Article Sidebar
Published
Jun 6, 2023
Article Details
How to Cite
Donicer E. Montes Vergara, Alexander Pérez Cordero, & Gabriela Flórez M. (2023). PREVALENCE OF ENDOGLOBULAR HEMOTROPIC PARASITES IN OPC SHEEP IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SINCELEJO AND SAVANNA SUB-REGION, DEPARTMENT OF SUCRE-COLOMBIA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(13), 495-506. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i13.7258
Section
Articles
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Author Biographies
Donicer E. Montes Vergara
Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Colombia
Alexander Pérez Cordero
Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Colombia
Gabriela Flórez M
Universidad de Sucre, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Colombia
How to Cite
Donicer E. Montes Vergara, Alexander Pérez Cordero, & Gabriela Flórez M. (2023). PREVALENCE OF ENDOGLOBULAR HEMOTROPIC PARASITES IN OPC SHEEP IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF SINCELEJO AND SAVANNA SUB-REGION, DEPARTMENT OF SUCRE-COLOMBIA. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 30(13), 495-506. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v30i13.7258