EXPLORING THE ASSOCIATION OF ABO BLOOD GROUP WITH THE SEVERITY OF COVID-19: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS
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Keywords
ABO blood types (groups), blood group antigens, novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract
Background and aims: The rapid spread of COVID-19 across the globe has resulted in an unprecedented global health crisis. The causative agent of COVID-19 is the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Previous studies have suggested a potential relationship between ABO blood groups and susceptibility to coronavirus infection. In this study, we aim to investigate the association between ABO blood groups and COVID-19 severity. Our research will focus on populations in Pakistan and its neighboring countries.
Methods: Search Engines Google Scholar, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from January to December 2022. Using MeSH/Emtree terms and free-text words like ABO blood types (groups), blood group antigens, novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia, COVID-19, and SARS-CoV-2.The search was limited to English, with no restrictions on country or publication status.
Results: A total of 26,332 subjects were studied. The majority of the studies included between 14 and 80 years of age. Individuals with blood group A seem to link a higher risk to COVID-19 severity (Odds ratio of 1.2 with 95% confidence interval [0.691, 2.084]). Meanwhile, individuals with O blood group might had a lower risk of COVID-19 severity (the odds ratio was found to be 0.981 having 95% confidence interval of [0.784, 1.228]), and individuals with B and AB blood groups were likely to relate a lower risk to COVID-19.
Conclusions: This evidence-based meta-analysis found no significant association between ABO blood groups and the severity of COVID-19 outcomes, but Individuals with blood group A had a higher risk of COVID-19 severity as compared to other blood groups. Our study shows there are varied outcomes across different populations and demographic areas. Factors such as male gender, age, and comorbidities were more critical in disease progression and outcomes.
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Lareb Asad
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan.
Fariha Anum
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan
Marium Aftab
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan.
Talat Mirza
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan.
Ambrina Khatoon
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan.
Salar Mehfooz
Ziauddin University Karachi Pakistan