BEYOND MEDICINE: HOW DIET INFLUENCES CARDIOVASCULAR INTERVENTIONS IN PAKISTAN
Main Article Content
Keywords
PCI, dietary patterns, Mediterranean diet, cardiovascular outcomes, Pakistani patients
Abstract
Background: Dietary patterns are increasingly recognized as crucial determinants of cardiovascular health outcomes, especially in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Methods: This observational cohort study involved 303 patients from the National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) in Pakistan, assessed from January 2021 to December 2022. The study focused on the impact of dietary patterns on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and secondary outcomes like restenosis rates and overall survival post-PCI.
Results: Patients adhering to a Mediterranean diet showed significantly lower rates of MACE (10.2%) compared to those consuming a Western diet (28.4%), with improved overall survival rates. Statistical analyses, including multivariable Cox proportional hazards models, confirmed the protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against cardiovascular risks.
Conclusion: The study highlights the potential benefits of integrating dietary assessment and management into routine care for PCI patients. These findings advocate for a dietary intervention approach alongside traditional treatment modalities to enhance cardiovascular outcomes.
References
2. Smith, S.C., et al. (2020). "Dietary influences on cardiovascular health: insights from observational studies." Nutrition Reviews, 78(4), pp. 17-29.
3. Russo, G.I., et al. (2019). "Mediterranean diet and cardiovascular health: A comprehensive review of the literature." Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 62(2), pp. 143-152.
4. Patel, J., et al. (2018). "Impact of Western diet on outcomes after percutaneous coronary interventions." Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 71(15), pp. 1601-1610.
5. Ahmed, R., et al. (2018). "Prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors in Pakistan: A population-based study." Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases, 24(12), pp. 1255-1260.
6. Lee, J.H., et al. (2021). "Nutritional interventions in cardiovascular disease: The impact of dietary patterns on cardiovascular health." Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 23, Article 11.
7. Sofi F, et al. (2010). "Effects of a Mediterranean diet on health status: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Lancet, 375(9717), pp. 1236-1245.
8. Li D, et al. (2015). "Dietary patterns and blood pressure in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials." Adv Nutr, 6(1), pp. 76-89.
9. Estruch R, et al. (2018). "Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts." N Engl J Med, 378, pp. e34.
10. Kris-Etherton P, et al. (2020). "Dietary guidance to improve cardiovascular health: a qualitative review." J Am Coll Cardiol, 76(25), pp. 2982-2991.
11. Schwingshackl L, et al. (2017). "Dietary supplements and risk of cause-specific death, cardiovascular disease, and cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of primary prevention trials." Adv Nutr, 8(1), pp. 27-39.
12. Knoops KT, et al. (2004). "Mediterranean diet, lifestyle factors, and 10-year mortality in elderly European men and women: the HALE project." JAMA, 292(12), pp. 1433-1439.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Dr Khair ul Bashar
Resident Cardiologist, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Karachi, Pakistan
Dr Fahad Raja Khan
Cardiologist, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan
Dr Shahbaz Ali Shaikh
Associate Professor, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases Karachi, Pakistan
Arshad Nawaz Khan
Team Leader, BSN, MSN, NICVD Karachi, Pakistan
Muhammad Abdur Rauf
Assistant Professor of Cardiology, Kuwait Teaching Hospital/Peshawar Medical College Peshawar, Pakistan
Muhammad Zeeshan
Team Leader, BSN, MSN Scholar, NICVD Karachi, Pakistan
Dr Muhammad Aslam
Assistant Professor, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases SC Nawab Shah, Pakistan