IMMUNIZATION POTENCY AND PROTECTIVE EFFICACY OF A BIVALENT INACTIVATED FOWL CHOLERA AND AVIAN INFLUENZA VACCINE IN POULTRY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Vaccine, Monovalen, Bivalent, P. multocida, Avian influenza, HI, ELISA
Abstract
Introduction: Vaccines are very Important to prevent disease outbreaks. Vaccines have special importance in the prevention of diseases such as Avian influenza (AI) and Fowl cholera (FC) which are economically significant afflicting poultry in Pakistan as well as around the world. The immunogenicity of an experimental bivalent inactivated Avian Influenza H5 and Fowl Cholera (P. multocida)(PM) vaccine is tested in the field in this study.
Methodology: A total of 100-day-old broiler chicks were selected. The chicks were divided into four groups of 25 birds each. Group 1 injected with monovalent H5, Group 2 with PM. Group 3 with Bivalent H5 and P. multocida vaccine in equal dose of both vaccines at the rate of 1:1. Group 4 was kept as control. Group 1, 2 and 3 received 1st Vaccine shot at 7th day of age and 2nd dose at day 14th day of age. Results: The immunization potency by ELISA and protective efficacy by challenge study of a bivalent inactivated fowl cholera and AI vaccine is determined through experimental application on broiler flocks in this study. ELISA test was used to determine the peak of the humeral immune response against PM at the 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 6th weeks after vaccination, same testing for Influenza H5 titer was done by using HI after vaccination. ELISA titer of Fowl cholera in monovalent vaccine group at 6th week was 2900 while in bivalent vaccine group was 4056. Similarly, HI test of H5 titer was 7log in bivalent while in monovalent was 5.3 log in 6th week. Conclusions: It was observed that bivalent vaccine has relatively higher titer (protection) against H5 and PM than monovalent, with same dose (0.5ml dose/ pullet).
References
- Fussell, L. W. (1998). Poultry industry strategies for control of immunosuppressive diseases. Poultry Science, 77(8), 1193-1196.
- Lemiere, S. (2013). The cost benefits of vaccination in poultry production. Int Poult Prod, 21, 19 21.
- Kouwenhoven, B., Goren, E., & Davelaar, F. G. (1976). A case of fowl cholera (Pasteurella multocida) in six-week-old broilers (author's transl). Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde, 101(15), 855-858.
- Singh, R., Remington, B., Blackall, /P., & Turni, C. (2014). Epidemiology of fowl cholera in free range broilers. Avian diseases, 58(1), 124-128.
- Hasan, A. R., Ali, M. H., Siddique, M. P., Rahman, M. M., & Islam, M. A. (2010). Clinical and laboratory diagnoses of common bacterial diseases of broiler and layer chickens.
- Desheva, Y. A., Leontieva, G. F., Kramskaya, T. A., Smolonogina, T. A., Grabovskaya, K. B., Kiseleva, I. V., ... & Suvorov, A. N. (2016). Evaluation in mouse model of combined virus-bacterial vaccine based on attenuated influenza A (H7N3) virus and the group B streptococcus recombinant polypeptides. The open microbiology journal, 10, 168.
- Birhane, N., & Fesseha, H. (2020). Vaccine failure in poultry production and its control methods: A review. Biomed. J. Sci. Tech. Res, 29, 22588-22596.
- Ramirez, L. A., Arango, T., & Boyer, J. (2013). Therapeutic and prophylactic DNA vaccines for HIV-1. Expert opinion on biological therapy, 13(4), 563-573.
- Abdul-Cader, M. S., Palomino-Tapia, V., Amarasinghe, A., Ahmed-Hassan, H., De Silva Senapathi, U., & Abdul-Careem, M. F. (2018). Hatchery vaccination against poultry viral diseases: potential mechanisms and limitations. Viral immunology, 31(1), 23-33.
- Rashid, S., Naeem, K., Ahmed, Z., Saddique, N., Abbas, M. A., & Malik, S. A. (2009). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the detection and differentiation of avian influenza viruses and other poultry respiratory pathogens. Poultry science, 88(12), 2526-2531.
- Rashid, S., Naeem, K., Ahmed, Z., Saddique, N., Abbas, M. A., & Malik, S. A. (2009). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction for the detection and differentiation of avian influenza viruses and other poultry respiratory pathogens. Poultry science, 88(12), 2526-2531.
- Krauss, S., Walker, D., & Webster, R. G. (2012). Influenza virus isolation. Influenza Virus: Methods and Protocols, 11-24.
[ ] Noel Mowat, M. R. Vaccine Manual: the production and quality control of veterinary vaccines for use in developing countries.
- Killian, M. L. (2014). Hemagglutination assay for influenza virus. Animal influenza virus, 3-9.
- Bang, F. B. (1948). Studies on newcastle disease virus: An Evaluation of the Method of Titration. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 88(2), 233-240.
- Sabbaghi, A., Miri, S. M., Keshavarz, M., Zargar, M., & Ghaemi, A. (2019). Inactivation methods for whole influenza vaccine production. Reviews in medical virology, 29(6), e2074.
- Townsend, K. M., Boyce, J. D., Chung, J. Y., Frost, A. J., & Adler, B. (2001). Genetic organization of Pasteurella multocida cap loci and development of a multiplex capsular PCR typing system. Journal of clinical microbiology, 39(3), 924-929.
- Jabeen, A., Khattak, M., Munir, S., Jamal, Q., & Hussain, M. (2013). Antibiotic susceptibility and molecular analysis of bacterial pathogen Pasteurella multocida isolated from cattle. Journal of applied pharmaceutical science, 3(4), 106-110.
- Hedges, A. J. (2002). Estimating the precision of serial dilutions and viable bacterial counts. International journal of food microbiology, 76(3), 207-214.
- Wubet, W., Bitew, M., Mamo, G., Gelaye, E., Tesfaw, L., Sori, H. & Abayneh, T. (2019). Evaluation of inactivated vaccine against fowl cholera developed from local isolates of Pasteurella multocida in Ethiopia. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 13(27), 500-509.
- Parveen, S., Kaur, S., David, S. A. W., Kenney, J. L., McCormick, W. M., & Gupta, R. K. (2011). Evaluation of growth based rapid microbiological methods for sterility testing of vaccines and other biological products. Vaccine, 29(45), 8012-8023.
- HN, E. S. M. (2018). Assessment of physical and immunological characters of an inactivated avian influenza (H5N1) vaccine prepared using Montanide oil 71™ ISA-RVG as adjuvant. Benha Veterinary Medical Journal, 34(2), 110-120.
- Miles, A. P., McClellan, H. A., Rausch, K. M., Zhu, D., Whitmore, M. D., Singh, S. & Saul, A. (2005). Montanide® ISA 720 vaccines: quality control of emulsions, stability of formulated antigens, and comparative immunogenicity of vaccine formulations. Vaccine, 23(19), 2530-2539.
- Palya, V., Tatár-Kis, T., Walkóné Kovács, E., Kiss, I., Homonnay, Z., Gardin, Y. & Dán, Á. (2018). Efficacy of a recombinant turkey herpesvirus AI (H5) vaccine in preventing transmission of heterologous highly pathogenic H5N8 clade 2.3. 4.4 b challenge virus in commercial broilers and layer pullets. Journal of immunology research, 2018.
- Killian, M. L. (2014). Hemagglutination assay for influenza virus. Animal influenza virus, 3-9.
- Setiawaty, V., Dharmayanti, N. L. P. I., Misriyah, Pawestri, H. A., Azhar, M., Tallis, G., ... & Samaan, G. (2015). Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus outbreak investigation: Application of the FAO‐OIE‐WHO four‐way linking framework in Indonesia. Zoonoses and public health, 62(5), 381-387.
- Akhtar, M., Rahman, M. T., Ara, M. S., Rahman, M., Nazir, K. H. M., Ahmed, S. & Rahman, M. B. (2016). Isolation of Pasteurella multocida from chickens, preparation of formalin killed fowl cholera vaccine, and determination of efficacy in experimental chickens. Journal of Advanced Veterinary & Animal Research, 3(1).
- Kilany, W. H., Hassan, M. K., Safwat, M., Mohammed, S., Selim, A., VonDobschuetz, S. & Jobre, Y. (2015). Comparison of the effectiveness of rHVT-H5, inactivated H5 and rHVT-H5 with inactivated H5 prime/boost vaccination regimes in commercial broiler chickens carrying MDAs against HPAI H5N1 clade 2.2. 1 virus. Avian Pathology, 44(5), 333-341.
- Haneberg, B., Berstad, A. K. H., & Holst, J. (2001). Bacteria-derived particles as adjuvants for non-replicating nasal vaccines. Advanced drug delivery reviews, 51(1-3), 143-147.
- Gamal, F. Z., Soliman, E. M., El-Naggar, H. M., Abd El-Moneim, W. S., & Hassannin, A. I. (2021). Trial for preparation and evaluation of combined inactivated vaccine for the protection against riemerella anatipestifer and avian influenza (h5n1) in ducks. Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci, 9(4), 490-499.
- Peshev, R., & Christova, L. (2003). The efficacy of a bivalent vaccine against pasteurellosis and rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus. Veterinary research communications, 27, 433-444.
- Klinman, D. M. (2003). CpG DNA as a vaccine adjuvant. Expert review of vaccines, 2(2), 305/315.
- Elmberg, J., Berg, C., Lerner, H., Waldenström, J., & Hessel, R. (2017). Potential disease transmission from wild geese and swans to livestock, poultry and humans: a review of the scientific literature from a One Health perspective. Infection ecology & epidemiology, 7(1), 1300450.
- Homayoon, M., Tahamtan, Y., Kargar, M., Hosseini, S. M. H., & Sepahy, A. A. (2018). Adjuvant activity of Pasteurella multocida A strain, Pasteurella multocida B strain and Salmonella typhimurium bacterial DNA on cellular and humoral immunity responses against Pasteurella multocida specific strain infections in Balb/c mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine, 11(5), 336-341.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Muhammad Ahsan
Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Muhammad Moazam Jalees
Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Waqas Ashraf
Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Aamir Ghafoor
Department of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood
Department of Zoology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Faisal Saddique
Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
Syed Makhdoom Hussain
Fish Nutrition Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Bilal Aslam
Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Zeeshan Nawaz
Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Aimen Shafqat
Department of Microbiology University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
Safdar Ali
Department of Microbiology, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,
Bahawalpur, Pakistan