ENHANCED DYE DEGRADATION USING TITANIUM DIOXIDE-MANGO SEED COMPOSITES: A NOVEL APPROACH TO PHOTOCATALYSIS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Titanium dioxide, Mango seed, Photocatalysis, Dye degradation, Composite materials
Abstract
Background: Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) is widely recognized for its effectiveness in photocatalysis, especially in environmental applications such as dye degradation. Despite its capabilities, TiO₂'s performance can be limited by factors such as charge recombination and limited light absorption, necessitating modifications to improve its efficacy.
Objectives: This study aims to enhance the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ by creating composites with mango seed powder. We investigate the photocatalytic degradation capabilities of these composites for two common dyes: crystal violet and methyl orange.
Methods: TiO₂ was mixed with mango seed powder in ratios of 1:1 (coded as S-A) and 1:2 (coded as S-B), followed by calcination at 500°C with a ramp of 10°C min⁻¹ under a nitrogen flow. The photocatalytic activities of the composites were evaluated by measuring the degradation of crystal violet (100 mg L⁻¹) and methyl orange (50 mg L⁻¹) under light exposure for 90 minutes.
Results: The photocatalytic tests revealed that both composites efficiently degraded the dyes. Sample S-A achieved decolourization ratios of 83% for crystal violet and 96% for methyl orange, whereas sample S-B showed slightly lower efficiencies with 82% and 87% decolourization for the respective dyes. Additionally, the composites demonstrated superior particle separation from solutions post-photocatalysis compared to pure TiO₂.
Conclusion: Introducing mango seed powder into TiO₂ composites significantly enhanced their photocatalytic performance against both tested dyes. The observed improvement suggests that such composites are promising materials for the heterogeneous photocatalysis of dyes, providing a sustainable approach to wastewater treatment by utilizing agricultural waste products.
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Iftikhar Ahmad Khan
Ph.D Scholar, Institute of Chemical Science, Gomal University Dera Ismail Khan, KP, Pakistan
Dr. Rehana Masood
Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto Women University Peshawar, Pakistan
Fatima Mujahid
Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan,
Dr Haseeb Umar
Department of Forensic Medicine, Alnafees Medical College, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan
Saba Nosheen
Department of Chemistry, Riphah International University Islamabad
Farzana Shaheen
Lecturer, Department of Chemistry, Allama Iqbal Open University Islamabad, Pakistan