MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND WORK STRESS IN THE HEALTH STAFF AT THE SULAB DAY HOSPITAL, QUITO- 2023
Main Article Content
Keywords
Nordic Questionnaire, Occupational Stress, Healthcare personnel, REBA, Musculoskeletal Disorders
Abstract
Occupational health is a primary concern in work environments characterized by high levels of stress and physical demands. In this context, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) emerge as a relevant aspect due to their ability to impact the quality of life and work efficiency of employees. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between MSDs and job stress among healthcare personnel at the SULAB Day Hospital in Quito, Ecuador, during the year 2023. To this end, a quantitative study with a descriptive-correlational-cross-sectional design was conducted. MSDs were assessed using two instruments: the Nordic Questionnaire to detect musculoskeletal symptoms and their functional impact, and the REBA method to evaluate ergonomic risk. Additionally, the ILO-WHO Occupational Stress Survey was used to measure stress levels. The study revealed that 50.0% of healthcare workers experienced MSDs with a medium level of risk. Furthermore, 27.4% were perceived to have a high risk. Regarding job stress, attending physicians were the most affected, with 60.5% experiencing high stress levels and 13.2% experiencing very high levels. Registered nurses also showed considerable exposure, with 75.1% experiencing high stress and 21.4% experiencing very high stress levels. The findings underscore the need to implement stress management measures and their relationship with MSDs, as a significant correlation was found with a value of p = .024 < .05. This level of significance is reinforced by the correlation found (Rho = .287), indicating a positive and direct relationship, suggesting that as MSDs increase, so does job stress, and bilateral.
References
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23. Luzuriaga Jaramillo, H., Espinosa Pinos, C., Haro Sarango, A., & Ortiz Román, H. (2023). Histogram and normal distribution: Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov applied in SPSS. LATAM 4, 4. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i4.1242
24. Martínez, R., & García, I. (2019). Manual of Organization of the General Surgery Service. Chone: General Hospital of Chone Dr. Napoleón Dávila Córdova.
25. Mena, M. (2023). Stress: 2022, another record year of stress for workers around the world. Retrieved from https://es.statista.com/grafico/26338/porcentaje-de-empleados-que-aseguran-haber-experimentado-estres-durante-gran-parte-del-dia-anterior/
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30. Montoya, N., & González, E. (2022). Musculoskeletal disorders, stress and quality of life in teachers of a National Learning Service center. Journal of Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, 4(2), 5-19. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.138
31. ILO. (2016). Work stress. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---americas/---ro-lima/documents/genericdocument/wcms_475146.pdf
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34. Otzen, T., & Manterola, C. (2018). Sampling Techniques on a Study Population. Int. J. Morphol, 227-232.
35. Pérez, L., Pérez, R., & Seca, M. (2020). Methodology of scientific research. Retrieved from https://elibro.net/es/ereader/uta/138497?page=1
36. Regalado García, G., Regalado García, K., Arevalo Rojas, J., & Escalona León, D. (2023). Musculoskeletal disorders associated with work activity. SCT 3, 441. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt202344
37. Rhoden, D., Colet, C., & Fernandes, E. (2021). Association and correlation between stress, musculoskeletal pain and resilience in nurses in the evaluation of maintenance of hospital accreditation. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem(29), e3465. Retrieved from https://www.scielo.br/j/rlae/a/TV6H3Hf7fLSCXR3NNTP3GFj/?lang=es&format=pdf
38. Rojas, M., Gimeno, D., Vargas, S., & Benavides, F. (2015). Musculoskeletal pain in workers in Central America: results of the First Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health. Rev Panam Public Health, 38(2), 120–128. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848509/
39. Ruiz, M. (2019). TME Ophthalmology. In D. Lobo, & J. Palazuelos, "Surgical Ergonomics. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in surgical practice" (pp. 60-64). Madrid: Amplifón Ibérica, S.A.U.
40. Sánchez, L. (2018). ILO-WHO Questionnaire on Occupational Stress. Quito: UISEK.
41. Suárez, Á. S. (2013). Adaptation of the ILO-WHO Occupational Stress Scale. Revista PsiqueMag., 8(8), 33-50. Retrieved from http://blog.ucvlima.edu.pe/index.php/psiquemag/article/view/8/8
42. Torres, S. (2023). Ergonomic risk and musculoskeletal disorders in food industry workers in Callao in 2021. Medical Horizon. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n3.04
43. UNAM. (2023). Mexico: alarming figures of work stress. Retrieved from https://unamglobal.unam.mx/global_revista/mexico-alarmantes-cifras-de-estres-laboral/
44. Polytechnic University of Valencia. (2024). Red Ergonautas. Retrieved from Ergoniza: https://www.ergonautas.upv.es/ergoniza/app/
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46. Zamora Chavez, S., Vásquez Alva, R., Luna Muñoz, C., & Carvajal Villamizar, L. (2020). Factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders in cleaning workers of the emergency service of a tertiary hospital. Journal of the Faculty of Human Medicine, 388–396. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v20i3.305
2. Anderson, D., Sweeney, D., & Williams, T. (1999). Statistics for administration and economics. Mexico: International Thomson Editores.
3. Aponte, M., Cedeño, C., & Henríquez, G. (2022). Musculoskeletal disorders in ICU nurses. Revista Saluta, 61–78. doi:https://doi.org/10.37594/saluta.v1i5.626
4. Arévalo, P., Cruz, J., Guevara, M., & Palacios, A. (2020). Update on scientific research methodology. Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica, 13(3). Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349038465_Actualizacion_en_metodologia_de_la_investigacion_cientifica
5. Arias Odón, F. (2012). The Research Project. Introduction to scientific methodology. Editorial Episteme.
6. Arias, A., & Chala, E. (2021). Relationship between stress and musculoskeletal disorders in teachers of the Educational Corporation of Córdoba, in the city of Montería. Revista Colombiana Salud Libre, 16(1), e227712. Retrieved from https://revistas.unilibre.edu.co/index.php/rcslibre/article/view/7712
7. Barragán Aldaz, K., Jordán Medina, J., Barragán Quishpe, F., & Jordán Medina, N. (2023). Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the operational health personnel of the Guaranda Basic Hospital. Pro Sciences: Journal of Production, Science, and Research, 115-128. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.29018/issn.2588-1000vol7iss47.2023pp115-128
8. Benito, M. A., & Gutiérrez, M. C. (2019). Musculoskeletal disorders in surgical nursing. In D. Lobo, & J. Palazuelos, "Surgical Ergonomics. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in surgical practice" (pp. 30-36). Madrid: Amplifón Ibérica, S.A.U. doi:https://www.gaesmedica.com/es-es/ergonomia-quirurgica/trastornos-musculoesqueleticos-en-enfermeria-quirurgica
9. Bouzas, D., Martín, M. C., Sánchez, E., & Fernández, M. (2019). The most common musculoskeletal disorders related to surgical practice and the most common affected structures. In D. Lobo, & J. Palazuelos, "Surgical Ergonomics. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in surgical practice" (pp. 15-20). Madrid: Amplifón Ibérica, S.A.U. Retrieved from https://www.gaesmedica.com/es-es/ergonomia-quirurgica/trastornos-musculoesqueleticos-relacionados-practica-quirurgica-estructuras-afectadas-comunes
10. Buitrago- Orjuela, L., Barrera-Verdugo, M., Plazas-Serrano, L., & Chaparro-Penagos, C. (2021). Work stress: a review of the main causes, consequences and prevention strategies. Journal of Health Research, University of Boyacá, 131–146. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24267/23897325.553
11. Cabanilla, E., Jimenéz, C., Paz, V., & Acebo, M. (2020, 02, 05). ERGONOMIC RISKS OF NURSING STAFF: STERILIZATION CENTER OF THE DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTÓN SPECIALTY HOSPITAL, GUAYAQUIL 2019. Journal of Health Sciences- MAS VITA, pp. 9-20.
12. Carbajal, C. (2022). Work stress and musculoskeletal symptoms in patients at the Coset Médica Clinic - Huancayo, 2021. Professional Academic School of Medical Technology Specialty in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation. Retrieved from https://repositorio.continental.edu.pe/bitstream/20.500.12394/12150/1/IV_FCS_507_TE_Carbajal_Barzola_2022.pdf
13. CDC. (2012). NIOSH Quick Facts: Preventing Musculoskeletal Disorders. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/spanish/niosh/docs/2012-120_sp/default.html#:~:text=Un%20trastorno%20musculoesquel%C3%A9tico%20relacionado%20con,como%20levantar%2C%20empujar%20o%20jalar
14. Diego, J., Poveda, R., & Grazón, D. (2020). Postural evaluation using the REBA method. Valencia: Ergonautas, Polytechnic University of Valencia. Retrieved from https://www.ergonautas.upv.es/metodos/reba/reba-ayuda.php
15. Fernandez, M., Fernandez, M., Manso, M., Gómez, M., Jimenez, M., & Del Coz, F. (2014). Musculoskeletal disorders in nursing auxiliary staff of the "Mixta" Multipurpose Resource Center for the Elderly of Gijón - C.P.R.P.M. Mixta. GEROKOMOS, 17-22.
16. George, D., & Malley, P. (2022). IBM SPSS Statistics 27 step by step s simple guide and reference. IBM SPSS Statistics 25 Step by Step. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003205333
17. Gómez, A., Merino, P., Silva, M., Suasnavas, P., & Vilaret, A. (2021). I Survey on Occupational Safety and Health Conditions for Ecuador. Main results in the city of Quito, 2016. Medicina y Seguridad del Trabajo, 65(257). Retrieved from https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0465-546X2019000400238
18. González, E. (2021). STUDY OF VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE STANDARDIZED NORDIC QUESTIONNAIRE FOR THE DETECTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS IN THE MEXICAN POPULATION. Ergonomics, Research and Development, 3(1), 8-17. Retrieved from https://revistas.udec.cl/index.php/Ergonomia_Investigacion/article/download/4339/4227/8953
19. Hernández Sampieri, R., Fernández Collado, C., & Baptista Lucio, M. (2014). Research Methodology. Mexico: Interamericana editores. Retrieved from https://www.esup.edu.pe/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/2.%20Hernandez,%20Fernandez%20y%20Baptista-Metodolog%C3%ADa%20Investigacion%20Cientifica%206ta%20ed.pdf
20. Hernández, R., & Mendoza, C. (2018). Research methodology. Retrieved from http://virtual.cuautitlan.unam.mx/rudics/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/RUDICSv9n18p92_95.pdf
21. Ibacache Araya, J. (2020). STANDARDIZED NORDIC QUESTIONNAIRE ON THE PERCEPTION OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYMPTOMS. Chile: Institute of Public Health of Chile. Retrieved from https://www.ispch.cl/sites/default/files/NTPercepcionSintomasME01-03062020A.pdf
22. INSST. (2019). Work stress. Retrieved from https://www.insst.es/materias/riesgos/riesgos-psicosociales/estres-laboral#:~:text=El%20estr%C3%A9s%20laboral%20es%20la,hacer%20frente%20a%20esas%20exigencias.
23. Luzuriaga Jaramillo, H., Espinosa Pinos, C., Haro Sarango, A., & Ortiz Román, H. (2023). Histogram and normal distribution: Shapiro-Wilk and Kolmogorov Smirnov applied in SPSS. LATAM 4, 4. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.56712/latam.v4i4.1242
24. Martínez, R., & García, I. (2019). Manual of Organization of the General Surgery Service. Chone: General Hospital of Chone Dr. Napoleón Dávila Córdova.
25. Mena, M. (2023). Stress: 2022, another record year of stress for workers around the world. Retrieved from https://es.statista.com/grafico/26338/porcentaje-de-empleados-que-aseguran-haber-experimentado-estres-durante-gran-parte-del-dia-anterior/
26. Microsoft Corporation. (2024). Microsoft Excel. Retrieved from Computer Software: https://www.microsoft.com
27. Mina Ortiz, K., & Martínez Padrón, O. (2024). Relationship between ergonomic risks and musculoskeletal disorders in users of data display screens in the type c health center. Muisne-2024. Ibarra: Master's Degree in Hygiene and Occupational Health, Universidad Técnica del Norte. Retrieved from http://repositorio.utn.edu.ec/handle/123456789/15894
28. Ministry of Public Health. (2021). Survey of Working Conditions and Health 2021 -2022. Ecuador: MSP. Retrieved from https://www.salud.gob.ec/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/Panorama-Nacional-de-Salud-de-los-Trabajadores-Encuesta-de-Condiciones-de-Trabajo-y-Salud-2021-2022.pdf
29. Monroy, M., & Nava, N. (2018). Research methodology. Mexico: Grupo Editorial Éxodo. Retrieved from https://elibro.net/es/ereader/uta/172512
30. Montoya, N., & González, E. (2022). Musculoskeletal disorders, stress and quality of life in teachers of a National Learning Service center. Journal of Research and Innovation in Health Sciences, 4(2), 5-19. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.138
31. ILO. (2016). Work stress. Retrieved from https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---americas/---ro-lima/documents/genericdocument/wcms_475146.pdf
32. WHO. (2021). Musculoskeletal disorders. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/musculoskeletal-conditions
33. WHO. (2021). Musculoskeletal disorders. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/es/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/musculoskeletal-conditions#:~:text=Aproximadamente%201710%20millones%20de%20personas,de%20568%20millones%20de%20personas.
34. Otzen, T., & Manterola, C. (2018). Sampling Techniques on a Study Population. Int. J. Morphol, 227-232.
35. Pérez, L., Pérez, R., & Seca, M. (2020). Methodology of scientific research. Retrieved from https://elibro.net/es/ereader/uta/138497?page=1
36. Regalado García, G., Regalado García, K., Arevalo Rojas, J., & Escalona León, D. (2023). Musculoskeletal disorders associated with work activity. SCT 3, 441. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.56294/saludcyt202344
37. Rhoden, D., Colet, C., & Fernandes, E. (2021). Association and correlation between stress, musculoskeletal pain and resilience in nurses in the evaluation of maintenance of hospital accreditation. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem(29), e3465. Retrieved from https://www.scielo.br/j/rlae/a/TV6H3Hf7fLSCXR3NNTP3GFj/?lang=es&format=pdf
38. Rojas, M., Gimeno, D., Vargas, S., & Benavides, F. (2015). Musculoskeletal pain in workers in Central America: results of the First Central American Survey of Working Conditions and Health. Rev Panam Public Health, 38(2), 120–128. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848509/
39. Ruiz, M. (2019). TME Ophthalmology. In D. Lobo, & J. Palazuelos, "Surgical Ergonomics. Prevention of musculoskeletal disorders in surgical practice" (pp. 60-64). Madrid: Amplifón Ibérica, S.A.U.
40. Sánchez, L. (2018). ILO-WHO Questionnaire on Occupational Stress. Quito: UISEK.
41. Suárez, Á. S. (2013). Adaptation of the ILO-WHO Occupational Stress Scale. Revista PsiqueMag., 8(8), 33-50. Retrieved from http://blog.ucvlima.edu.pe/index.php/psiquemag/article/view/8/8
42. Torres, S. (2023). Ergonomic risk and musculoskeletal disorders in food industry workers in Callao in 2021. Medical Horizon. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.24265/horizmed.2023.v23n3.04
43. UNAM. (2023). Mexico: alarming figures of work stress. Retrieved from https://unamglobal.unam.mx/global_revista/mexico-alarmantes-cifras-de-estres-laboral/
44. Polytechnic University of Valencia. (2024). Red Ergonautas. Retrieved from Ergoniza: https://www.ergonautas.upv.es/ergoniza/app/
45. Valecillo, M., Quevedo, A. L., Lubo, A., Dos Santos, A., Montiel, M., & Camejo, M. (2019). Musculoskeletal symptoms and occupational stress in nursing staff in a military hospital. Workers' Health, 17(2). Retrieved from https://ve.scielo.org/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1315-01382009000200002
46. Zamora Chavez, S., Vásquez Alva, R., Luna Muñoz, C., & Carvajal Villamizar, L. (2020). Factors associated with musculoskeletal disorders in cleaning workers of the emergency service of a tertiary hospital. Journal of the Faculty of Human Medicine, 388–396. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.25176/rfmh.v20i3.305
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Jun 26, 2024
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Lizeth Carolina Sanguña Muzo, Daniel Villacís López, Oswaldo Jesús Martínez-Padrón, & Navarrete Arboleda Edmundo Daniel. (2024). MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND WORK STRESS IN THE HEALTH STAFF AT THE SULAB DAY HOSPITAL, QUITO- 2023. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(6), 1839-1854. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i6.6771
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Author Biographies
Lizeth Carolina Sanguña Muzo
Médico General. Estudiante de Magister en Higiene y Salud Ocupacional. Universidad Técnica del Norte.
Daniel Villacís López
Ingeniero en Administración de Empresas. Máster en Educación. Máster en Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional. PhD. en Ciencias de la Salud Ocupacional. CEO Grupo DEFORCORP
Oswaldo Jesús Martínez-Padrón
Profesor de Matemática. Magister en Educación Superior: Matemática. Doctor en Educación Matemática.
Navarrete Arboleda Edmundo Daniel
Ingeniero en Seguridad Industrial, Salud Ocupacional y Gestión Ambiental. Máster en Prevención de Riesgos de Trabajo. PhD. en Ciencias de la Salud Ocupacional. Universidad Técnica del Norte
How to Cite
Lizeth Carolina Sanguña Muzo, Daniel Villacís López, Oswaldo Jesús Martínez-Padrón, & Navarrete Arboleda Edmundo Daniel. (2024). MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AND WORK STRESS IN THE HEALTH STAFF AT THE SULAB DAY HOSPITAL, QUITO- 2023. Journal of Population Therapeutics and Clinical Pharmacology, 31(6), 1839-1854. https://doi.org/10.53555/jptcp.v31i6.6771