EVALUATING POPULATION DYNAMICS, PHYLOGENETIC AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIABILITY IN THE GERMAN (BLATTELLA GERMANICA) AND AMERICAN (PERIPLANETA AMERICANA) COCKROACHES
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Keywords
Phylogenetics, P, americana, B. germanica, Pakistan
Abstract
The present study is the first one from Pakistan which has been devised with an objective to unearth population dynamics and molecular phylogeny of German (B. germanica) and American (P. americana) cockroaches using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase genes subunit I and II (COI and COII). Furthermore, it also presents a comparative analysis of biochemical variability within these two species. Cockroaches (n=1500) were captured from various residential buildings and population dynamics was ascertained through morphologic identification. The conventional PCR was used for COI and COII gene analysis in both species. Results revealed that from a total of 1500 adult and nymph cockroaches captured, significantly (P≤0.05) higher (810, 54%) population was of the P. americana species whereas 690 (46%) were of B. germanica species. Adults were significantly (P≤0.05) dominant both for B. germanica (437, 54%) and P. americana (351, 51%) species. Similarly, females had significantly (P≤0.05) dominant population (945, 63%) as compared to male cockroaches (555. 37%). The PCR products of the isolates of both species in the present study revealed 710bp DNA for COI and 750bp DNA for COII in both species. All the studied biochemical attributes (total protein, total glucose, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase) were significantly (P≤0.05) higher for B. germanica as compared to P. americana. In conclusion, the B. germanica cockroaches have a dominant population as compared to the P. americana in Pakistan. Furthermore, the phylogenetic results on cockroaches in our study though showed diversity in isolates but are suggestive of their polyphyletic nature. The biochemical analytes in these cockroach species can be utilized as reference values. Future research directions need a detailed population dynamics of Pakistan in relation to genetic variability.
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Ayesha Zafar
Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Saffora Riaz
Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Farkhanda Manzoor
Department of Zoology, Minhaj University, Lahore, Pakistan
Mushtaq Hussain Lashari
Department of Zoology, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan