FREQUENCY OF HYPOMAGNESEMIA IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Abstract

Background: Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) contribute to the evolution of the disease and the cost of healthcare globally, making it a major source of morbidity and death.

Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of hypomagnesemia in individuals undergoing Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPD) was the aim of this investigation.

Methodology: A cross-sectional observational design was used in this study, which took place at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar Pakistan, from January 2021 to January 2024. The study included 400 patients who were at least 18 years old and exhibited symptoms that were consistent with acute exacerbations of COPD. Data collection included serum magnesium levels, clinical parameters, and demographic information. Descriptive statistics, prevalence estimation, and inferential tests such as logistic regression and chi-square were used in the statistical analysis to investigate hypomagnesemia predictors.

Results: There were 400 AECOPD patients in the trial. Among them, 313 (78.25%) were smokers, 138 (34.50%) were women, and 262 (65.50%) were men. Of the patients, 85 (21.25%) had hypomagnesemia. Hypomagnesemia was shown to be significantly correlated with age (p < 0.001) and the severity of the exacerbation (p = 0.014). Age (p < 0.001) and the severity of the exacerbation (p = 0.014) were shown to be significant predictors of hypomagnesemia by logistic regression analysis. Heart arrhythmias (n = 15; 17.65%), neurological symptoms (n = 10; 11.76%), respiratory problems (n = 8; 9.41%), and other complications (n = 7; 8.24%) were among the adverse events connected to hypomagnesemia.

Conclusion: Our research indicates that hypomagnesemia is much more common in AECOPD patients (21.25%), underscoring the need of keeping an eye on magnesium levels, particularly in older adults and those experiencing severe exacerbations.