INSULIN TREATMENT AND METABOLIC CONTROL IN DIABETES: EXPLORING INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS
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Keywords
Type 2 diabetes, Infection, Riesgo, Studio for a short time, Diabetes mellitus, risk factors, cohort research, and prevalence
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a significant public health concern due to its high morbidity and mortality rates, coupled with its increasing incidence and prevalence. Identifying factors associated with dysfunctional metabolic control in diabetic patients undergoing insulin treatment is crucial for effective management.
Methods: This study aimed to identify such factors among diabetic patients admitted to the Internal Medicine Department of Hospital Nacional. A case-control design was employed, with a control group comprising diabetic patients exhibiting metabolic control at discharge and a case group comprising those with poor metabolic control. A non-probabilistic sampling method was used to select successive cases. The study included 119 patients with an average age of sixty, of whom 57% were female and 43% were male. The majority (96.5%) had type 2 diabetes and were treated with various forms of insulin, including quick, intermediate, and long-acting formulations, with NPH insulin being the most common.
Results: The type of insulin used did not significantly affect metabolic control. The control group received a lower-than-average insulin dosage. Analysis revealed that hypertension, chronic renal disease, and infections had no significant impact on glycemic control at discharge. However, a prolonged hospital stay emerged as the sole statistically significant predictor for adequate metabolic control at discharge.
Conclusion: This study underscores the importance of identifying factors influencing metabolic control in diabetic patients undergoing insulin therapy. Prolonged hospital stays were associated with better metabolic control, highlighting the need for tailored interventions to optimize outcomes in diabetic patients, particularly during hospitalization.
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Dr. Adel Moideen
Senior Resident, Dr. D.Y Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Pune, India, Department of Nephrology
Safiyyah Mukarram Khan
Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, India
Dr. Komal Bai
House Officer, People’s University of Medical and Health Science for Women, Nawabshah, Pakistan
Dr. Rafia Rana
Registered Medical Practitioner, Pakistan
Shireen Farrukh
MD Doctor, Department of Medicine, Mayo Hospital Lahore, Pakistan
Namratha Nalla
Doctor, Department of Medicine, Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, India
Nusiba Ahmed
Doctor, Department of Internal Medicine, Al-Zaiem Al-Azhari University
Eaman Hamid
Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University, Sudan