SPECTRUM OF PEDIATRIC GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY
Main Article Content
Keywords
Paediatric, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Gastritis, Abdominal pain, H.pylori
Abstract
Background &Objective
In History first gastroscope was made by Adolf Kussmaul in 1868 with the help of professional sword swallower to pass a tube into his stomach. Later, In 1881 Johann von Mikulicz and his colleagues introduced the first practical rigid gastroscope. Then, in 1932, Dr. Rudolph Schindler invented flexible gastroscope,however, the real breakthrough in endoscopy emerged in the 1950s with the development of glass fiber technology, and Basil Hirschowitz is credited with creating the first flexible fiber-optic endoscope in 1957. These innovations led to the widespread adoption of endoscopy as a standard diagnostic and therapeutic tool in gastroenterology units worldwide. In the early 1970s, further advancements in endoscope size reduction paved the way for pediatricians to begin using this tool as diagnostic modality. (1,2)
This field has grown exponentially in developed countries however literature search showed limited work has been done in developing countries so far.(5,6)This study aimed to identify prevalent reasons for conducting pediatric GI endoscopy and the typical endoscopic observations in children, with the ultimate goal of enhancing awareness and improving outcomes for gastrointestinal disorders in our population.
Methods
A comprehensive review was conducted on the medical records of 139 pediatric patients, aged 1 to 16 years, who had undergone gastrointestinal endoscopy at Aga Khan University Hospital. Infants were excluded from this analysis. The study gathered information regarding patient demographics, the reasons for the endoscopy as determined by the treating clinicians, the results of the procedure, whether it was performed by a pediatric or adult gastroenterologist, the type of anesthesia administered (sedation or general anesthesia), peri-procedural antibiotics prophylaxis if given, any complications that occurred during or after the procedure, and the histopathological findings obtained.
Results
Recurrent abdominal pain was the primary reason for GI endoscopy in 22.3% of cases, with gastritis being the most prevalent endoscopic finding in 30.2%. The most frequent histopathological finding, found in 23.5% of cases, was gastritis associated with H. pylori. Anesthesia and conscious sedation were administered for the procedures, which took place in various settings, including the operating theater, surgical day care, and endoscopic suites. No immediate complications were observed following the procedures in any of the cases.
Conclusion
Gastrointestinal endoscopy is a reliable and safe procedure that serves as a valuable tool for both diagnosis and treatment.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Hafsa Zaheer
Assistant Professor, United Medical and Dental College Karachi Pakistan.
Mahnaz Hakeem
Senior Registrar, Shalamar Medical and Dental College Lahore Pakistan.
Ambreen Raza
Senior Registrar, Jinnah medical and dental College Karachi Pakistan.
Sana Samreen
Consultant Incharge, Child life foundation (SICHN).
Sajid Soofi
Professor, Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan.
Kamran Sadiq
Assistant Professor, Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi Pakistan.