ROLE OF PRENATAL AND EARLY-LIFE NUTRITION IN DENTAL ARCH DEVELOPMENT
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Abstract
Background: Prenatal and early-life nutrition play a crucial role in dental arch development, yet the quantitative impact of specific nutrients remains understudied. This study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal vitamin D intake, calcium supplementation, and dental arch dimensions in newborns.
Material & Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted in collaboration with the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, spanning from 1st February 2023 to 31 July 2023. The study included pregnant women in their second trimester and their newborns, with data collected on maternal vitamin D intake, calcium supplementation, and dental arch measurements using digital calipers. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and linear regression.
Results: Demographic analysis revealed female participants, with a majority in the 20-40 age group and urban residency. Mean knowledge and attitude scores were high, while practice scores indicated room for improvement. A positive correlation was observed between maternal vitamin D intake and dental arch width, with wider arches in infants of mothers with higher intake. Infants receiving adequate calcium supplementation showed a higher proportion of normal dental arch morphology.
Conclusion: Adequate maternal vitamin D intake and calcium supplementation during pregnancy and infancy are associated with improved dental arch development in newborns. These findings underscore the importance of nutritional interventions in promoting optimal oral health outcomes in early childhood.
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Dr Javaid Unar
Assistant Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, Dr Ishrat ul Ebad Khan Institute of Oral Health Sciences Dow University of Health Sciences (Ojha), Karachi.
Dr. Anjum Younus
BDS, MDS, MBA-MHM, Phd Scholar JSMU, Assistant Professor, Department of Community & Preventive Dentistry, Liaquat College of Medicine & Dentistry Karachi.
Dr Samra Bokhari
Phd Scholar JSMU, Senior Registrar, Orthodontics, National Institute of Child Health Karachi, BDS, MORTH, FCPS ORTHODONTICS.
Dr Abdul Aleem
BDS, MCPS, Phd Scholar JSMU, Senior Registrar, Community Dentistry, Karachi Medical and Dental College.
Dr.Sana Adeeba Islam
MSc (UK), BDS, Associate Professor, Department of Community Dentistry, Karachi Medical and Dental College.
Dr Nabeel Khan
BDS, PGD, MS, Assistant Professor, Department of Oral Biology, Karachi Medical and Dental College