ASSESSMENT OF ELEVATED LEVELS OF ANGIOTENSIN CONVERTING ENZYME II (ACE-II) IN SARS-COV-2 INFECTED PATIENTS IN PAKISTAN
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Keywords
ACE II, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, hypertension, obesity, diabetes
Abstract
Several factors influence the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the severity of symptoms. The host functional receptor for the SARS-CoV-2 that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE II). The ACE II enzyme negatively regulates Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) found in different organs. This study was aimed to screen covid-19 patients for the elevated level of ACE II and determine the relationship between ACE II and disease severity. The results show equal disease prevalence 50.85, 49.14%, and recovery in males and females, i.e., 51.21 and 48.78%, respectively. After Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ACE II concentration was higher in COVID-19 patients compared to COVID-19 cured and healthy control. The ACE II concentration increased with age, and the highest (41.6 ±2.7 and 40.86 ± 5.78 ng/ml) were in 51-60 age groups of males and females. ACE II concentration was (40.8±1.4, 34.1 ± 4.1, 31.6 ± 9.6, 31.6 ± 9.6) in obese, overweight, underweight, and normal COVID-19 patients, respectively. Similarly, ACE II concentration was higher in patients with hypertension (43.6 ± 3.2), obesity (40.8 ± 1.4), diabetes (43.3 ± 6.7), and combination (43.3 ± 6.7) of these diseases. The baseline serum ACE II activities in COVID-19 patients increased compared healthy control group. However, the serum ACE II activities were decreased steadily in the recovery phase, and there was a significant difference among the control, COVID-19 cured, and COVID-19 groups. It is concluded that ACE II activity might be utilized as a marker to assess the clinical condition of COVID-19 as enhanced production was linked to disease severity.
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Rehana Shaheen
Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue Wah Cantt, 47040 Pakistan
Zeeshan Abbas
Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue Wah Cantt, 47040 Pakistan
Dr.Syed Waqas Hassan
Department of Bioscience, University of Wah, Wah, Pakistan
Sania Rauf
Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, wah cantt.47040
Jahangir Khan
Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue Wah Cantt, 47040 Pakistan
Fatima habib
Department of Biosciences, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue Wah Cantt, 47040 Pakistan