GENETIC DIVERSITY AND PHYLOGENETIC STUDY OF GENUS MENTHA FROM HAZARA REGION, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
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Keywords
Genetic diversity, Mentha, Phylogeny, matK, Hazara Region
Abstract
The Mentha genus is a member of the commercially significant and medicinally useful Mentheae tribe, as well as the mint family Lamiaceae, subfamily Nepetoideae. As a result, precise Mentha species identification requires molecular identification. Because of the complexity and ambiguity of the classification of the genus Mentha, this research is the first time carried out in the Hazara region in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The goal of the most recent study was to verify the accuracy of the morphological and molecular parameters of M. arvensis, M. royleana, M. spicata, M. piperita, and M. longfolia. Applying the molecular markers matK, genetic variations in five specimens of Mentha were examined. Gene-specific primers were utilized throughout the DNA amplification process. Consensus sequences were produced from each Mentha specimen using Bio Edit software by meticulously sequencing the PCR data. By BLAST examination of consensus nucleotide sequences for each Mentha species and every query sample indicated similarity to gene bank sequences. The determined species of the genus Mentha are organically different according to the NCBI analysis, nucleotide diversity, nucleotide discrimination, haplotype diversity, and phylogenic analysis through MEGA software. All Mentha species have a total haplotype diversity of 0.9989 with a nucleotide diversity of 0.01379. Nucleotide sequences of Mentha species were correlated for phylogenetic analysis, and the neighbor-joining tree and Maximum Parsimony were constructed. Neighbor-joining trees and maximum parsimony verified that these species are authentic. Additionally, this investigation solved a slight problem in the identification of flora in the field of botany.
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Hafza Siddique
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
Muhammad Azhar Khan
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
Manzoor Hussain
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
Ghulam Mujtaba Shah
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
Khursheed Ur Rahman
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan
Nazia Shaheen
Department of Botany, Hazara University, Mansehra, 21300, Pakistan