EVALUATION OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND BLOOD BIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN FISHES (LABEO ROHITA) SUPPLEMENTED WITH FRUCTOOLIGOSACCHARIDES UNDER HEAT STRESS
Main Article Content
Keywords
Cyclic heat stress, Fructooligosaccharides, growth performance, serum biochemical markers, urea, cholesterol, triglycerides
Abstract
This study was conducted to examine the effects of heat stress (HS) on growth performance and selected blood biochemical attributes of fishes supplemented with fructoloigosaccharide (FOS). The main objectives revolved around evaluating the negative impacts of HS and amelioration of those harmful effects by using FOS along with exploring the potential benefits of FOS in improving growth and biochemical parameters of (Labeo rohita) fishes reared under cyclic heat stress. Moreover, this study offers insightful information related to fish health, management and aquaculture practices. One hundred-eight (n=108) rohu fishes (Labeo rohita) were selected and were equally divided into five groups with each group having 3 replicates (n=18) on 21st day. The details of the grouping are T0, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, in which T0 was considered as control group which was fed with basal diet. T1 and T2 groups were supplemented with 1% and 2% FOS respectively, without HS. The group T3 was positive control whereas, T4 and T5 were exposed to HS at 40 ºC supplemented with 1% and 2% FOS respectively. The results revealed that supplementation of fructooligosaccharides significantly improved growth performance and selected biochemical attributes of fishes during 63 days of rearing. The T0 group exhibited significant decrease in growth and selected biochemical parameters compared to the treatment groups however, after treating with FOS the negative effects of HS were significantly reduced. Moreover, T1 showed positive improvements in all the selected parameters of this experiment. Growth parameters were found higher in T2 as in final weight (10.85%), weight gain (51.06%), survival rate (2.09%) at (P ≤ 0.05) supplemented with 2% FOS as compared to T0 and T1 but the aforementioned parameters were found lower in T3 under influence of 40ºC of HS as compared to T0. Although biochemical parameters were found higher in T2 as in albumin (119.38%), globulin (132.20%), ALP (7.81%) and total protein (34.28%) As compared to T0 and T1 but afforested parameters such as globulin and total protein were significantly decreased under HS as compared to rest of the treatment. Furthermore, several serum biochemical markers, including urea (40.86%), cholesterol (28.58%), and triglycerides (31.24%) were significantly decreased in T2 as compared to T0 and T1. In conclusion, the results revealed that supplementation of FOS alleviate the negative effects of HS in fishes (Labeo rohita).
References
2. Ajakaiye, J.J., A. Perez-Bello and A. Mollineda-Trujillo, 2010. Impact of vitamins c and e dietary supplementation on leukocyte profile of layer hens exposed to high ambient temperature and humidity. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 79(3): 377-383.
3. Ali, S.S.R., K. Ambasankar, P.E. Praveena, S. Nandakumar, S. Balachandran and K. Ramachandran, 2020. Effect of dietary prebiotic fructooligosaccharide on histology, digestive enzyme activity, biochemical and immunological parameters of asian seabass (lates calcarifer) fingerlings. Indian J. Fish, 67(4): 80-88.
4. Bali, V., P.S. Panesar, M.B. Bera and R. Panesar, 2015. Fructo-oligosaccharides: Production, purification and potential applications. Critical Review Food Science Nutrition, 55(11): 1475-1490. Available from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24915337. DOI 10.1080/10408398.2012.694084.
5. Casal, C.M.V., 2006. Global documentation of fish introductions: The growing crisis and recommendations for action. Biological Invasions, 8: 3-11.
6. El-Tarabany, M.S., A.A. El-Tarabany and M.A. Atta, 2017. Physiological and lactation responses of egyptian dairy baladi goats to natural thermal stress under subtropical environmental conditions. International Journal of Biometeorology, 61: 61-68.
7. FAO, F., 2020. Agriculture organization of the united nations the state of world fisheries and aquaculture 2020: Sustainability in action. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: 1-244.
8. Feng, Z. and Z. Xia, 2019. Effects of dietary fructo-oligosaccharides on laying performance and serum biochemical parameters of yellow broiler breeder hens. In: E3S Web of Conferences. EDP Sciences: pp: 01081.
9. Genç, E., M.A. Genç, D. Kaya, F.S. Secer, A. Qaranjiki and D. Güroy, 2020. Effect of prebiotics on the growth performance, haematological, biochemical, andhistological parameters of african catfish (clarias gariepinus) in recirculatingaquaculture system. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 44(6): 1222-1231.
10. Guerreiro, I., C.R. Serra, P. Enes, A. Couto, A. Salvador, B. Costas and A. Oliva-Teles, 2016. Effect of short chain fructooligosaccharides (scfos) on immunological status and gut microbiota of gilthead sea bream (sparus aurata) reared at two temperatures. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 49: 122-131.
11. Handeland, S.O., A.K. Imsland and S.O. Stefansson, 2008. The effect of temperature and fish size on growth, feed intake, food conversion efficiency and stomach evacuation rate of atlantic salmon post-smolts. Aquaculture, 283(1-4): 36-42.
12. Hansen, J., R. Ruedy, M. Sato and K. Lo, 2010. Global surface temperature change. Reviews of Geophysics, 48(4).
13. Hashmi, H.S., N. Khan, K.J. Iqbal, M. Fatima, K. ANJUM, S. Abbas, M. Awais, S. Nazir, M. Asghar and M. De Zoysa, 2023. Studies on the growth, immunomodulation and gut morphometry of labeo rohita fed pectin. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 68(4).
14. Hu, X., H.L. Yang, Y.Y. Yan, C.X. Zhang, J.d. Ye, K.L. Lu, L.H. Hu, J.J. Zhang, L. Ruan and Y.Z. Sun, 2019. Effects of fructooligosaccharide on growth, immunity and intestinal microbiota of shrimp (litopenaeus vannamei) fed diets with fish meal partially replaced by soybean meal. Aquaculture Nutrition, 25(1): 194-204.
15. Imik, H., M.A. Atasever, M. Koc, M. Atasever and K. Ozturan, 2010. Effect of dietary supplementation of some antioxidants on growth performance, carcass composition and breast meat characteristics in quails reared under heat stress. Czech Journal of Animal Science, 55(5): 209-220.
16. Kherade, M., S. Solanke, M. Tawar and S. Wankhede, 2021. Fructooligosaccharides: A comprehensive review. Journal of Ayurvedic and Herbal Medicine, 7(3): 193-200.
17. Loring, P.A., D.V. Fazzino, M. Agapito, R. Chuenpagdee, G. Gannon and M. Isaacs, 2019. Fish and food security in small-scale fisheries. Transdisciplinarity for small-scale fisheries governance: analysis and practice: 55-73.
18. McKenzie, D., B. Geffroy and A.P. Farrell, 2021. Effects of global warming on fishes and fisheries. Journal of Fish Biology, 98(6): 1489-1492.
19. Mehaisen, G.M., R.M. Ibrahim, A.A. Desoky, H.M. Safaa, O.A. El-Sayed and A.O. Abass, 2017. The importance of propolis in alleviating the negative physiological effects of heat stress in quail chicks. Plos One, 12(10): e0186907.
20. Niu, Z., F. Liu, Q. Yan and W. Li, 2009. Effects of different levels of vitamin e on growth performance and immune responses of broilers under heat stress. Poultry Science, 88(10): 2101-2107.
21. Obi, F., B. Ugwuishiwu and J. Nwakaire, 2016. Agricultural waste concept, generation, utilization and management. Nigerian Journal of Technology, 35(4): 957–964-957–964.
22. Quinteiro-Filho, W.M., A. Gomes, M.L. Pinheiro, A. Ribeiro, V. Ferraz-de-Paula, C.S. Astolfi-Ferreira, A.J.P. Ferreira and J. Palermo-Neto, 2012. Heat stress impairs performance and induces intestinal inflammation in broiler chickens infected with salmonella enteritidis. Avian Pathology, 41(5): 421-427.
23. Rashidi, A., Y.G. Ivari, A. Khatibjoo and R. Vakili, 2010. Effects of dietary fat, vitamin e and zinc on immune response and blood parameters of broiler reared under heat stress. Res. J. Poult. Sci, 3(2): 32-38.
24. Reverter, M., N. Bontemps, D. Lecchini, B. Banaigs and P. Sasal, 2014. Use of plant extracts in fish aquaculture as an alternative to chemotherapy: Current status and future perspectives. Aquaculture, 433: 50-61.
25. Reza, A., H. Abdolmajid, M. Abbas and A.K. Abdolmohammad, 2009. Effect of dietary prebiotic inulin on growth performance, intestinal microflora, body composition and hematological parameters of juvenile beluga, huso huso (linnaeus, 1758). Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 40(6): 771-779.
26. Sarıca, S., H. Aydın and G. Ciftci, 2017. Effects of dietary supplementation of some antioxidants on liver antioxidant status and plasma biochemistry parameters of heat-stressed quail. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 5(7): 773-779.
27. Soleimani, N., S.H. Hoseinifar, D.L. Merrifield, M. Barati and Z.H. Abadi, 2012. Dietary supplementation of fructooligosaccharide (fos) improves the innate immune response, stress resistance, digestive enzyme activities and growth performance of caspian roach (rutilus rutilus) fry. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 32(2): 316-321.
28. Stankus, A., 2021. State of world aquaculture 2020 and regional reviews: Fao webinar series. FAO Aquaculture Newsletter(63): 17-18.
29. Taati, R., M. Soltani, M. Bahmani and A. Zamini, 2011. Growth performance, carcass composition, and immunophysiological indices in juvenile great sturgeon (huso huso) fed on commercial prebiotic, immunoster.
30. Tajima, K., I. Nonaka, K. Higuchi, N. Takusari, M. Kurihara, A. Takenaka, M. Mitsumori, H. Kajikawa and R.I. Aminov, 2007. Influence of high temperature and humidity on rumen bacterial diversity in holstein heifers. Anaerobe, 13(2): 57-64.
31. Tódero, L.M., C.G.V. Rechia and L.H.S. Guimarães, 2019. Production of short‐chain fructooligosaccharides (scfos) using extracellular β‐d‐fructofuranosidase produced by aspergillus thermomutatus. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 43(8): e12937.
32. Wu, Y., W.B. Liu, H.Y. Li, W.N. Xu, J.X. He, X.F. Li and G.Z. Jiang, 2013. Effects of dietary supplementation of fructooligosaccharide on growth performance, body composition, intestinal enzymes activities and histology of blunt snout bream (m egalobrama amblycephala) fingerlings. Aquaculture nutrition, 19(6): 886-894.
33. Zhou, C., S. Yang, W. Ka, P. Gao, Y. Li, R. Long and J. Wang, 2022. Association of gut microbiota with metabolism in rainbow trout under acute heat stress. Frontiers in Microbiology, 13: 846336.
34. Zhu, L., R. Liao, N. Wu, G. Zhu and C. Yang, 2019. Heat stress mediates changes in fecal microbiome and functional pathways of laying hens. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 103: 461-472.
Article Sidebar
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
All articles published in JPTCP are licensed under Copyright Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Sadaf Gulzar
Department of Environmental Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Muhammad Usman Saleem
Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Abdul Asim Farooq
Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Maria Gulzar
Department of Botany, Women University, Multan, Pakistan
Saira Parveen
Department of Environmental Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Muhammad Nawaz
Department of Environmental Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
Ayesha Maqsood
Department of Environmental Sciences, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan