EFFECT OF CIGARETTE SMOKE, HUBBLE BUBBLE AND WAPE ON DISCOLORATION OF COMPOSITE RESTORATION
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Abstract
This quantitative research study explores the discoloration effects on dental composite restorations resulting from exposure to different smoking sources, namely cigarette smoke, hookah emissions, and vaping aerosols. A total of 120 standardized composite specimens were subjected to controlled exposure conditions, and color changes were measured using a spectrophotometer. The results revealed significant variations in color changes among the exposure groups. Cigarette smoke exhibited the most substantial impact, with a significantly higher mean ΔE value compared to hookah emissions and vaping aerosols. Hookah emissions demonstrated a color change comparable to cigarette smoke, while vaping aerosols induced a relatively milder effect on color stability. These findings carry important clinical implications for dental practitioners, emphasizing the need to consider the specific smoking source when assessing and managing esthetic consequences in patients with composite restorations. The study also highlights avenues for future research to delve deeper into the complex interactions between smoking alternatives and dental materials.
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Dr Abdulghafoor Sediqi
Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Postgraduate Resident, Assistant Professor in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department at Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul Afghanistan
Dr Kashif Adnan
Bds, MFDS RCPS(Glasgow),FICD, Demonstrator/ Registrar, de'Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore
Syed Muhammad Ilyas Jan
BDS, Liaquat University Medical and Health Sciences, Dir(lower) kpk
Qurat ul Ain
Assistant Professor, University Institute of Physical Therapy, The University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus.
Ahmad Milad Stanikzai
Head of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics Department at Kabul University of Medical Science Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Kabul-Afghanistan
Muhammad Ashraf
Institute of Chemical Sciences, Bahauddin Zakaryia University, Multan
Hira Fatima
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Botany, The University of Lahore.