TOWARDS IDENTIFYING A CHARACTERISTIC NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE FOR FETAL ALCOHOL SPECTRUM DISORDERS 2. SPECIFIC CAREGIVER- AND TEACHER-RATING
Main Article Content
Keywords
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, caregiver, teacher, neuropsychological tests, behavior
Abstract
Objectives
This study compares the behavioral profile of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) who were diagnosed using the Canadian Guidelines with children with prenatal alcohol exposure who did not meet criteria for a FASD diagnosis.
Methods and Procedures
To accomplish this, we used caregiver and teacher questionnaires evaluating different aspects of behavior. Investigated were 170 children, 109 who received a diagnosis of FASD (Diagnosed Group) and 61 who did not (Non-Diagnosed Group). On the caregiver report, children in the Diagnosed Group had more internalizing and externalizing problems on the CBCL, more executive function difficulties on the BRIEF and more attention problems on the Conner’s Rating Scale, compared to the Non-Diagnosed Group. On teacher report, children in the Diagnosed Group had more internalizing and externalizing problems on the TRF and more attention problems on the Conner’s Rating Scale, compared to the Non-Diagnosed Group. For both informants, more children in the Diagnosed group had scores in the clinically elevated range.
Conclusion
Overall, the present results identify key caregiver- and teacher-rated profiles of children with FASD diagnoses. These profiles will aid in better understanding, diagnosing and providing focused treatment approaches for children with FASD.
References
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23. Gioia GA, Isquith PK, Guy SC, Kenworthy L. Test review: behavior rating inventory of executive function. Child Neuropsychology 2000;6:235-238. Doi: 0929-7049/00/0603-235.
24. Conners CK. Manual for Conners’ rating scales. North Tonawanda NY: Multi-Health Systems.
25. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC. 2000.
26. Kodituwakku PW. A neurodevelopmental framework for the development of interventions for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol 2010;44(7-8):717–28. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender. fcgi?artid=2891905&tool=pmcentrez&rendertyp e=abstract
2. Coggins TE, Timler GR, Olswang LB. A state of double jeopardy: Impact of prenatal alcohol exposure and adverse environments on the social communicative abilities of school-age children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Language, speech, and hearing services in schools. ASHA. 2007;38(2):117–27. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17428958
3. McGee C, Bjorkquist O, Riley E, Mattson S. Impaired language performance in young children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Neurotoxicology and Teratology 2009;31:71–5.
4. Mattson SNS, Riley EEP, Delis DDC, Stern C, Jones KLK. Verbal learning and memory in children with fetal alcohol syndrome. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research1996;20(5):810–6. Available from: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.153 0-0277.1996.tb05256.x/abstract
5. Willoughby K, Sheard E, Nash K, Rovet J. Effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on hippocampal volume, verbal learning, and verbal and spatial recall in late childhood. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society: JINS 2008;14:1022–33.
6. Mattson S, Goodman A, Caine C, Delis D, Riley E. Executive functioning in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcoholism: Clinical & Experimental Research 1999;23:1808–15.
7. Greenbaum RL, Stevens S, Nash K, Koren G, Rovet J. Social cognitive and emotion processing abilities of children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders: a comparison with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 2009;33(10):1656–70. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19624575
8. McGee CL, Bjorkquist OA, Price JM, Mattson SN, Riley EP. Social information processing skills in children with histories of heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology 2009;37(6):817–30. Available from: http://www.springerlink.com/index/bj77g0141t8 m5243.pdf
9. Wheeler S, Stevens S, Sheard E, Rovet J. Facial memory deficits in children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Child Neuropsychology 2012;1:339-346.
10. Burden MJ, Jacobson JL, Westerlund A, Lundahl LH, Morrison A, Dodge NC, Klorman R, Nelson CA. An event-related potential study of response inhibition in ADHD with and without prenatal alcohol exposure. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 2010;34:17- 627.
11. Mattson SN, Riley EP. Parent ratings of behavior in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure and IQ-matched controls. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 2000;24(2):226–31. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10698376
12. Fryer SL, McGee CL, Matt GE, Riley EP, Mattson SN. Evaluation of psychopathological conditions in children with heavy prenatal alcohol exposure. Pediatrics 2007;119(3):e733– 741. Available from: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/119 /3/e733.short
13. Schonfeld AM, Mattson SN, Riley EP. Moral maturity and delinquency after prenatal alcohol exposure. Journal of Studies on Alcohol 2005;66:545-554.
14. O’Malley KD, Nanson J. Clinical implications of a link between fetal alcohol spectrum disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 2002;47:349 – 354.
15. Nash K, Rovet J, Greenbaum R, Fantus E, Nulman I, Koren G. Identifying the behavioural phenotype in Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder: sensitivity, specificity and screening potential. Archives of Women’s Mental Health. 2006;9(4):181–6. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16673042
16. Downing C, Balderrama-Durbin C, Hayes J, Johnson TE, Gilliam D. No effect of prenatal alcohol exposure on activity in three inbred strains of mice. Pharmacology and Cell Metabolism 2008;44: 25-33.
17. Henderson J, Gray R, Brocklehurst P. Systematic review of effects of low-moderate prenatal alcohol exposure on pregnancy outcome. An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology 2007; 114:243-252.
18. Chudley AE, Conry J, Cook JL, Loock C, Rosales T, LeBlanc N. Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder: Canadian guidelines for diagnosis. Canadian Medical Association Journal 2005;172(5_suppl):S1–S21. Available from: http://canadianmedicaljournal.ca/cgi/content/abs tract/172/5_suppl/S1
19. Astley SJ. Fetal alcohol syndrome prevention in Washington State: evidence of success. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2004 Sep;18(5):344–51. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15367321
20. Institute of Medicine (IOM) of the National Academy of Sciences Committee to study Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. Diagnosis and Clinical Evaluation of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. In Strattion K, Howe C, Battaglia F. (eds.). Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Diagnosis, Epidemiology, Prevention, and Treatment. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press. 1996:63-81.
21. Hollingshead A. Social class and mental illness: A community study. New York: Wiley; 1975.
22. Achenbach T, Rescorla L. Manual for the ASEBA School-Age Forms and Profiles. University of Vermont, Research Centre for Children, Youth and Families, Burlington, VT.2001.
23. Gioia GA, Isquith PK, Guy SC, Kenworthy L. Test review: behavior rating inventory of executive function. Child Neuropsychology 2000;6:235-238. Doi: 0929-7049/00/0603-235.
24. Conners CK. Manual for Conners’ rating scales. North Tonawanda NY: Multi-Health Systems.
25. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC. 2000.
26. Kodituwakku PW. A neurodevelopmental framework for the development of interventions for children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. Alcohol 2010;44(7-8):717–28. Available from: http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender. fcgi?artid=2891905&tool=pmcentrez&rendertyp e=abstract