EXPLORING THE CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS OF HYPOTHYROIDISM IN CONTEMPORARY MEDICAL PRACTICE

Abstract

Background: Primary hypothyroidism is rarely described in Aisan medical publications except, of course, a few allusions made in the study of endemic goitre. 

Patients and methods: A prospective study was conducted among patients coming to the consultation or hospitalized in internal medicine service, the Point Baqai Institute of Diabetology and Endocrinology in Karachi from September 2021 to  September 2022. The inclusion criteria were clinical signs of hypothyroidism and thyroid-stimulating hormone dosage. The parameters taken into account were sociodemographic, clinic (hypometabolism, Mucocutaneous and neuromuscular syndrome) and etiological  (supply: after capture of ATS, thyroidectomy; Hashimoto's Thyroiditis of postpartum;  congenital; disorders of the hormonogenese).

Results: The 71 cases are divided into ten men  (average age: 40.8) and 61 women (average age: 41.5), the majority of the Sarakolé.  Clinical signs associated the hypometabolism (constipation: 9.85%, bradycardia: 23.94%,  physical asthenia: 4.22%), Mucocutaneous syndrome (hoarseness: 48%, puffiness of the  face: 1.4%, weight gain: 15.49%, dry skin: 5,63% and neuromuscular syndrome (cramps of  the lower limbs: 5.63%, headache: 7.15%).) In biology, analyses have included the TSH (us), the FT4, ant-thyroid antibodies of synthesis, blood glucose, cholesterol, and, in some cases, the PUA. The etiologies consisted of supply: 68.4% (after taking ATS, thyroidectomy), congenital hypothyroidism: 10%, Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: 11.4%, postpartum Thyroiditis: 4.3%, disorders of the hormonogenese: 5.7%.

Conclusion: Primary hypothyroidism is a reality in Karachi. This affection, traditionally reported in studies of the health public but confined to the homes of endemic goitre, now appeared in African cosmopolitan circles, where it keeps an even overt clinical form.