A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY-A SOUTH INDIAN PERSPECTIVE

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is not a disease in and of itself, but rather a silent and under recognized syndrome that develops as a result of other major aetiologies such as Heart failure and Sepsis/Shock. The pattern of AKI varies from region to region and even within the same region, the pattern of AKI varies over time. The main objective of the study was to determine the Prevalence and factors associated with AKI in patients. The study was a prospective observational study in the medical ward of a tertiary care hospital in south India over a period of 6 months. A total of 1500 patients were included in the study, of whom 12.53% patients had AKI according to the KDIGO criteria. Patients with AKI were older and had Hypertension (P = <0.01) as the major comorbidity. Sepsis (P = 0), UTI (P = <0.01), Acute gastroenteritis (P= < 0.05), Pyelonephritis (P = <0.05), and CKD (P = <0.05) were the main factors associated with AKI on logistic regression analysis. The study demonstrated the Prevalence and factors associated with AKI. Environmental and infectious causes which are largely preventable, are associated with significant morbidity of AKI. Larger prospective studies are required for a better understanding of the regional differences in the disease pattern, its management and prevention of its progression to CKD.